Applause (Lady Gaga song)

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"Applause"
Single by Lady Gaga
from the album Artpop
ReleasedAugust 12, 2013 (2013-08-12)
Studio
Genre
Length3:32
Label
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)
  • Lady Gaga
  • DJ White Shadow
Lady Gaga singles chronology
"Marry the Night"
(2011)
"Applause"
(2013)
"Do What U Want"
(2013)
Music video
"Applause" on
YouTube

"Applause" is a song by American singer

synthesizers and hi-NRG
beats, with lyrics addressing how Gaga is dependent upon her fans' adoration and how she lives to perform.

The song received generally positive reviews from

music critics, who felt its chorus was catchy and favorably compared it to the material featured on Gaga's debut album, The Fame
(2008). "Applause" achieved commercial success in a number of nations, topping the charts in Hungary, Lebanon, South Korea, and Spain while peaking within the top 10 in Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Scotland, the United Kingdom, and the United States as well as the top 20 in Australia, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Slovakia, and Sweden. It was also certified multi-platinum in Canada, Sweden and the United States.

An accompanying music video directed by fashion photography duo

German Expressionist cinema and Andy Warhol. To promote the record, Gaga opened the 2013 MTV Video Music Awards with a performance of the song in which she represented her career through several on-stage wardrobe changes. She also performed it live on Good Morning America, Saturday Night Live, her tours ArtRave: The Artpop Ball and the Joanne World Tour, and residency shows Lady Gaga Live at Roseland Ballroom and Enigma
.

Background and writing

Development of Artpop began shortly after the release of Born This Way (2011),[1] and by the following year, the album's concepts started building as Gaga collaborated with producers Fernando Garibay and DJ White Shadow.[2] Initial recording sessions for Artpop coincided with the Born This Way Ball: up to fifty songs were written and considered for inclusion.[3] Gaga herself admitted that she intended to make audiences have "a really good time" with Artpop, engineering the album to mirror "a night at the club".[4]

A hip surgery in February 2013 caused the singer to take a six-month hiatus, during which she studied literature and music with her creative team, the Haus of Gaga. It also allowed her to review and enhance her musical direction, which she described as a meticulous "gazing process".

Sirius XM Radio
, Gaga explained the inspiration behind the songwriting of "Applause":

"I realized it was the applause of the fans that really kept me going. Because I would be ready to go onstage and just be crying hysterically not understanding even how I was feeling. I was feeling very dizzy, I had a lot of vertigo, I had pain but it's like fuck if I know what hurts the most because I'd been on tour for a year. But I didn't want to let them down and I just couldn't cancel because the thought of leaving 50,000 kids in the arena just broke my heart. So I went out every night and I played and I played and I played until I couldn't walk one night."[7]

Recording and composition

Recording sessions for the song took place at

audio mastering at Oasis Mastering Studios in Burbank, California.[8]

"Applause" is set in the time signature of

beats per minute. It is composed in the key of G minor, following the chord progression of Gm–F–E–Cm–F–Gm, with Gaga's vocals spanning from F3 to A5.[9] The record has been pinned to the electropop, dance-pop and Eurodance music genres,[10][11][12] and has been cited as returning Gaga to her career roots by mirroring the sounds of her debut album.[12][13] Evan Sawdey of PopMatters described it as "closer to 'Just Dance' in style over any of her Born This Way-era hits, but in a much more aggressive fashion, catering to the gradual EDM-stranglehold of pop radio."[14] Erin Coulehan of Rolling Stone concurred, calling it "a throwback to 'LoveGame'-era Gaga."[15]

The song's production is primarily centered around

Idolator noted that the "opening, pulsating synths are a straight-up throwback to the 'Poker Face' intro — albeit slightly sped up — while the handclap-laden chorus swells and soars with the same pop frenzy that made 'Paparazzi' such a delight."[17] The Guardian's Michael Cragg described the song's composition as "brilliantly camp – all squelchy synths and juddering beats" and likened it to a "ridiculous glam-rock song given a techno makeover".[18] The chorus has been noted to contain "a solid mixture of EDM-influenced pop, glitchy k-pop-lite euphoria and just a twinkle of that original joy of The Fame"[19] and features Gaga singing the lines, "Give me the thing that I love (I'll turn the lights on) / Put your hands up make 'em touch (Make it real loud)".[17] Her vocal acrobatics during the song's verses have been compared to those of David Bowie, Annie Lennox, and Grace Jones.[10][19]

Lyrically, "Applause" is about how Gaga is dependent upon her fan's adoration, and "what it means to live your life as a canvas", while also serving as "a kiss-off to critics".[13][15] Bradley Stern of MuuMuse opined that "Unlike 'Born This Way', 'Applause' is about celebrating no one but Mother Monster herself".[19] According to Gaga, the song's lyrics highlight the difference between an artist and a celebrity.[20] She elaborated, "I live for the applause but I don't live for the attention in the way that people just love you because you're famous. I live for actually performing for people and then them applauding because they've been entertained."[7]

Artwork and release

During the process of picking the lead single from Artpop, Gaga played numerous songs for

Scary Monsters (And Super Creeps).[26]

On August 10, 2013, two snippets of the song leaked online.

The Huffington Post compared the style-shift to Marilyn Manson, saying: "With her black hair slicked back, a face full of white powder and her black blazer and shirt combo, Gaga could have easily been mistaken for Manson if it wasn't for her towering heels."[12] Gaga also premiered a short clip of "Applause" that quoted harsh journalism that attacked her credibility as an artist. In the video, Gaga was seen sitting naked in a white room and wearing a transparent visor. The sound of an audience booing and jeering was heard in the background.[32] Direct quotations from critics and detractors appeared at the bottom of the video, which included "Lady Gaga is over" and "Do not buy Lady Gaga's new single 'Applause'". The clip was construed as an attempt at reverse psychology.[33]

Due to the proximity of the single's leak to fellow pop singer Katy Perry's "Roar", "Applause" was fervently compared to it, in addition to rumors spreading of a "feud" between the two.[34][35][36] Gaga received negative press after news arose of her attempting to artificially increase the single's placement on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, which some sources reported as an attempt to beat the sales of "Roar".[37][38] She was criticized for tweeting fans and encouraging them to purchase numerous copies of the single, with the chance to meet the singer in London offered as an incentive.[39][40][41] The tweet provoked criticism from Billboard's Editorial Director Bill Werde, who opined that "An artist tweeting out and Facebooking a link that enables a fan to hit play and leave their computer is not in the spirit of what we chart".[42] Following this, Gaga stated that she would be rewarding the fans with the most creative ideas, and not those who purchased the most copies of "Applause".[43]

Critical reception

Gaga performing "Applause" during her residency show at Roseland Ballroom (2014)

"Applause" received favorable reviews from

The Huffington Post writer Baggers described it as "pop at its best: instant, euphoric, joyful and impossible to get out of your head".[46]

Bradley Stern of MuuMuse gave the song a positive review and concluded, "Is it a solid start? I’d say so. On par with "

Hitfix gave the song a B+ rating and labelled it "a layered, dance twirler".[49] Positive feedback also came from Mike Driver from Clash who highlighted "Applause" as one of the tracks on Artpop that ticks "all of the prerequisite Gaga boxes – dazzling production, a clutch of clever couplets, choruses you can demolish a tower block with", but found that it did not represent a notable musical progression for the singer.[50] Hilary Hughes from Esquire offered similar commentary, feeling that Gaga was playing it safe and that "the song doesn't break new ground for the reigning Queen of Pop".[51]

In a mixed review, Evan Sawdey of PopMatters called the song generic and that "were it not for her heady lyrics and warped lead-in synth line, "Applause" wouldn't stand out all that much in radio, which makes it an even more curious choice as a lead single."[14] Spin's Marc Hogan criticized the song's "bland dance-bot foundations" as "a bit behind the times at a pop moment where the biggest song-of-the-summer candidates have moved back toward '70s-inflected guitars."[52] Another mixed review came from Harry Hawcroft of Contactmusic.com, who wrote "I can't give it more than a polite clap."[53]

Chart performance

Gaga performing "Applause" during 2014's ArtRave: The Artpop Ball tour

In the United States,

Pop Songs Chart at number 20; the highest debut on that chart, by a solo female artist in 2013. The following week, "Applause" debuted at number six on the Billboard Hot 100. Following its radio and retail release the track charted on Digital Songs at number three, Streaming Songs at number nine and Radio Songs at number forty.[57]

On its second week on the Hot 100, the song climbed to number four while reaching number three on Streaming Songs (due the release of the music video), and number thirty-five on Radio Songs, and falling to number five on Digital Songs with sales of 163,000.

According to the Official Charts Company, "Applause" sold over 10,000 copies within a few hours in the UK.[31] It debuted and peaked at number five on the UK Singles Chart, making it her highest-charting single since "Born This Way" (2011). "Applause" sold 38,042 copies by the end of the first week, and dropped to number nine on its second week.[63] It was present for a total of 20 weeks within the top-100 of the chart.[64] The British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified it Platinum,[65] and it has sold 530,000 copies as of April 2021.[66] "Applause" was certified Gold in other international markets including Italy, New Zealand, and Sweden.[67][68][69]

Music video

Development

Inez and Vinoodh speaking
Inez and Vinoodh, directors of the music video

The music video for "Applause" was directed by fashion photography duo

horror films and explained that the concept behind the video is that of her passion for shape-shifting and transforming. She described it as "Iconography in motion, as magic."[72][70] Gaga and her team decided to use several different looks for the video, with each being representative of different facets of her as a performer.[73] Attires worn in the video included designs by Gareth Pugh, vintage John Galliano, as well as outfits crafted by the Haus of Gaga.[72][74]

Inez and Vinoodh explained that the video symbolizes "this idea that she goes through this struggle to go back onstage, which is in that pink laser tower. And she's sort of dragging that leg as a trophy and making it back on stage as a fully-realized, complete new person".[72] Jo Ratcliffe, a London-based illustrator known for her hand-drawn graphic design, was hired to provide animation effects for the video. She described Gaga as "really tough" during filming and added that she had "never seen anyone push themselves so hard."[75] Gaga spoke of this intensity during an interview with the radio station Z100 New York, explaining that it was difficult for her to quickly mould herself into the different personalities portrayed in the video.[76]

Release and synopsis

Prior to the release of the music video, Gaga debuted a

Detox Icunt, Courtney Act, Morgan McMichaels, Shangela, and Shannel all performed in the video.[79] On August 19, 2013, Gaga announced that she would be debuting the music video for "Applause" and filming a live interview on ABC's morning television show Good Morning America later that day.[80] The singer arrived at the Times Square Studios in New York City, where the show is filmed, wearing a dress made entirely out of paper.[81][82] The video premiered on the show after Gaga's live interview and was broadcast on jumbotrons across Times Square in Midtown Manhattan simultaneously.[22]

The video itself includes shots taken in both color and black-and-white. It drew heavy inspiration from the arts and featured references to Sandro Botticelli's The Birth of Venus and Andy Warhol's Marilyn Diptych.[83] The video included artistic and complex scenes such as Gaga's head on a swan, a scene in a bird cage, and the singer seated in a large top hat, as well as more simplistic scenes including Gaga walking in a black outfit wearing a headscarf, and the singer dancing with a white cloth in bright make-up, in a scene similar to the cover art of the single. Throughout the video bursts of color are shown theatrically. As Gaga sings the line "One second I'm a Koons then suddenly the Koons is me", she is transformed into a black swan/human hybrid.[84] Gaga also wears hand-shaped lingerie and a seashell bra with matching shell decoration. Near the climax, the singer features in a violet, crystal-like scene, holding a silver, leg-shaped bouquet of colorful flowers. The final chorus concludes in flashing images from various scenes of the video. Then at the end of the video, Artpop is spelled using hand gestures.

Reception and analysis

A scene from the music video for "Applause", showing Gaga's head superimposed on a swan's neck. Chris Rovzar of Vanity Fair compared the scenes to a photo shoot Gaga did for Interview magazine.

The video received generally positive reviews. Glenn Gamboa of

New York Daily News described the video as "a straight-forward profile of the artist herself."[89]

A writer of Rolling Stone compared the black-and-white look of the video with

German Expressionist cinema and Ingmar Bergman's The Seventh Seal. He further noted influences from Liza Minnelli, and the video for Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers' "Don't Come Around Here No More".[90] A writer of The Independent wrote, "Showing Gaga in a number of guises (as a Beatnik performance artist, her face smeared with clown make-up, sporting David Bowie-esque androgyny while wearing a bra made of black, leather gloves and as various winged creatures), the high energy accompaniment to her new track is a hotch-potch of imagery that seems to highlight the pop princess' ever changing appearance."[91] Chris Rovzar of Vanity Fair described the video as a moving photo shoot for Interview magazine "except with more sanity". Rovzar concluded that it also featured "the standard Gaga nonsense" and praised Gaga's smile during several scenes of the video as a highlight.[92] James Montgomery of MTV News saw the video as Gaga "pulling the curtain back on her creative process, showing the viewer how she's willing to do anything to please the public."[93] Melinda Newman of Hitfix felt Gaga "continues her one-woman performance art with the very theatrical video" and interpreted it as showing that "there is nothing Lady Gaga won’t do to get your attention".[94]

Conversely, Spin's Marc Hogan wrote, "'Some of us just like to read', she sings, and hey, that includes us. But it's easier to clap for something that moves or touches you, rather than serves as an advertisement for Gaga as incomprehensible high-end brand."

Consequence of Sound wrote in their review, "Gaga's head appears on a black swan and she boogies down in a clam bikini. If this doesn't bump up her sales, I no longer believe in art."[96] Hilary Hughes of Esquire said that the video "hits all the marks of Gaga-esque eccentricity: glitter, boob grabs, weird animals, space, severed limbs, devotional imagery, nudity, neon, etc. It just doesn't redefine those marks, as previous music videos of Gaga's — namely "Bad Romance," "Paparazzi" and "Judas" — have".[51] Spencer Kornhaber of The Atlantic believed that Gaga was parodying herself with the video and suggested that her aim was "to make a video both celebrating and poking fun at her career thus far." However, he considered it forgettable when compared to Gaga's previous efforts.[97]

Live performances and media appearances

Gaga performing "Applause" at the 2013 MTV Video Music Awards, where she portrayed looks from her previous eras

"Applause" was performed live for the first time at the 2013 MTV Video Music Awards.[98] Gaga began the performance wearing a square-shaped head piece and an all-white cape as pre-recorded boos were quickly replaced by sound of cheers. Gaga then glided across the stage and was assisted by her dancers as she changed into a black sequin leotard and performed the intricate choreography seen in the song's corresponding music video. Throughout the performance she cycled through costumes and wigs she had previously employed throughout her career.[99] She danced with a Jeff Koons blue gazing ball, and had her face painted in the style of the single cover by one of her dancers. Gaga concluded the performance by emerging from behind jungle-like scenery dressed in a seashell bikini, big blonde curly wig and took a bow.[100] The singer collaborated with theater director Robert Wilson on the performance. His designed set featured a shimmering white jungle background with letters spelling "Applause" suspended from tree branches.[101] Gaga relegated the performance as a "metaphor" for herself and felt it was "the most physically challenging performance I've done, ever".[102]

"Applause" was the final song Gaga performed at

The Wizard of Oz.[106] "Applause" served as the encore during the singer's Artpop launch party event, dubbed the ArtRave, held in the Brooklyn Navy Yard in New York during the early hours of November 11, 2013.[107] The singer was the host of the November 16, 2013 episode of Saturday Night Live, where she opened the program with a Chicago-style performance of "Applause", which subsequently morphed into a rendition of "New York, New York".[108] Later that month, Gaga also performed the song on the television special Lady Gaga and the Muppets Holiday Spectacular as both a solo and a reprise with The Muppets.[109] The following December, she performed the song at the Jingle Bell Ball.[110]

Gaga and her dancers performing "Applause" in flower-patterned outfits at the Joanne World Tour, in 2017

Gaga reprised "Applause" at the South by Southwest (SXSW) music festival in Austin, Texas in March 2014, where she was joined onstage by her opening acts and friends, the Dirty Pearls, Semi Precious Weapons and Lady Starlight.[111] "Applause" was later included in the setlist of Gaga's Manhattan residency show at Roseland Ballroom.[112] Gaga appeared in a purple sequin studded two-piece with a matching face-mask and green colored wig during the performance.[113] The song was included on the set list of her ArtRave: The Artpop Ball tour. Following "Bad Romance", Gaga joined her dancers on the catwalks, where she performed a choreographed dance routine in a rave inspired outfit.[114][115] Brad Wheeler of The Globe and Mail described Gaga's performance as "unstoppable and enthralling" but criticized the show's production for drowning out Gaga's vocals and said: "She’s not like Jennifer Lopez or Britney Spears or even Madonna, who were raised as dancers and lime-lighters, not musicians. And yet, she prefers to perform spectacles that, by design, fail to showcase all of her abilities."[116]

In 2017, Gaga used the song at her

Coachella set for a video interlude before the encore. While changing into her final outfit, the whole song was played as the lyrics appeared on big screens.[117][118] The song was later also added to her Joanne World Tour (2017–2018) setlist. During the show, three catwalks were suspended high above the floor, which were lowered for the performance of "Applause", allowing Gaga and her dancers to cross between three smaller b-stages on the floor while performing the song.[119][120] Gaga wore a black bodysuit with rose embellished sleeves, while her dancers were dressed in flower-patterned kimono robes.[121][122] Gaga has also performed the song on her 2018–2020 Las Vegas residency show, Enigma.[123]

In 2016, "Applause" was featured in the "lipsync for your life" segment on the season premiere of RuPaul's Drag Race's eighth season.[124]

Track listings and formats

Credits and personnel

Recording

Publishing

  • Stefani Germanotta P/K/A Lady Gaga (BMI)
    Sony ATV Songs LLC
    /House of Gaga Publishing, LLC/GloJoe Music Inc. (BMI), Maxwell and Carter Publishing, LLC (ASCAP), administered by Universal Music Publishing Group and Maxwell and Carter Publishing, LLC (BMI) administered by Universal Music Publishing Group, Etrange Fruit (SACEM), Mercer Music (SACEM), Guess Publishing (SACEM), Fuzion (SACEM) Administered by Get Familiar Music (ASCAP)

Personnel

  • vocals, producer
  • Paul "DJ White Shadow" Blair – songwriter, producer
  • Dino Zisis – songwriter, producer
  • Nick Monson – songwriter, producer
  • Martin Bresso – songwriter
  • Nicolas Mercier – songwriter
  • Julius Arias – songwriter
  • William Grigahcine – songwriter
  • Dave Russell – recording, mixing
  • Benjamin Rice – recording and mixing assistant
  • Andrew Robertson – recording assistant
  • Bill Malina – additional mixing
  • Ghazi Hourani – mixing assistant
  • Rick Pearl – additional programming
  • Gene Grimaldi –
    mastering

Charts

Certifications and sales

Certifications and sales for "Applause"
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[206] 3× Platinum 210,000
Canada (Music Canada)[207] 5× Platinum 400,000
France 60,000[208]
Germany (BVMI)[209] Gold 150,000
Italy (FIMI)[67] Platinum 30,000*
Japan (RIAJ)[210] Gold 100,000*
Mexico (AMPROFON)[211] Platinum 60,000*
New Zealand (RMNZ)[68] Gold 7,500*
Norway (IFPI Norway)[212] 2× Platinum 120,000
South Korea 106,385[213]
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[214]
Since 2015
Gold 30,000
Sweden (GLF)[215] 2× Platinum 80,000
United Kingdom (BPI)[65] Platinum 530,000[66]
United States (RIAA)[62] 4× Platinum 4,000,000 / 2,700,000[61]
Streaming
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[216] Gold 900,000

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
Streaming-only figures based on certification alone.

Release history

Release dates and formats for "Applause"
Region Date Format(s) Version Label Ref.
Canada August 12, 2013 Original Interscope [217]
France Radio airplay Universal [218]
United States
  • Digital download
  • streaming
Interscope [219]
Belgium August 13, 2013 Universal [220]
DACH
[221]
Finland [222]
France [223]
Ireland [224]
Italy [225]
Luxembourg [226]
Netherlands [227]
New Zealand [228]
Norway [229]
Portugal [230]
Singapore [231]
Spain [232]
Sweden [233]
United Kingdom [234]
Italy August 19, 2013 Radio airplay [235]
United States August 20, 2013 Interscope [236]
[237]
Japan September 11, 2013 CD 2-track Universal [238]
Germany September 13, 2013 [239]
France September 16, 2013 Cardsleeve [240]
Singapore CD [241]
United Kingdom [242]
Various September 30, 2013
  • Digital download
  • streaming
Remixes Interscope [125]
United States November 29, 2013 LP Original [243]

See also

References

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External links