April 19
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| April 19 in recent years |
| 2024 (Friday) |
| 2023 (Wednesday) |
| 2022 (Tuesday) |
| 2021 (Monday) |
| 2020 (Sunday) |
| 2019 (Friday) |
| 2018 (Thursday) |
| 2017 (Wednesday) |
| 2016 (Tuesday) |
| 2015 (Sunday) |
April 19 is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 256 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
- conspirators are arrested.[1]
- 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at Raqqa (northern Syria).[2]
- Lisbon Massacre begins, in which accused Jews are slaughtered by Portuguese Catholics.[3]
- Edict of Worms.
- 1539 – The Treaty of Frankfurt between Protestants and the Holy Roman Emperor is signed.[4]
1601–1900
- O'Doherty's Rebellion is launched by the Burning of Derry.[5]
- 1677 – The French army captures the town of Cambrai held by Spanish troops.[6]
- Habsburg lands and the Austrian throne would be inheritable by a female; his daughter and successor, Maria Theresa, was not born until 1717.[7]
- 1770 – Captain James Cook, still holding the rank of lieutenant, sights the eastern coast of what is now Australia.[8]
- 1770 – Louis XVI of France in a proxy wedding.[9]
- 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The war begins with an American victory in Concord during the battles of Lexington and Concord.[10]
- 1782 – John Adams secures Dutch recognition of the United States as an independent government. The house which he had purchased in The Hague becomes the first American embassy.[11]
- Fifth Coalition. On the same day the Austrian main army is defeated by a First French Empire Corps led by Louis-Nicolas Davout at the Battle of Teugen-Hausenin Bavaria, part of a four-day campaign that ended in a French victory.
- 1810 – Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparán, Governor of the Captaincy General is removed by the people of Caracas and a junta is installed.
- 1818 – French physicist Augustin Fresnel signs his preliminary "Note on the Theory of Diffraction" (deposited on the following day). The document ends with what we now call the Fresnel integrals.
- 1839 – The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom and guarantees its neutrality.
- 1861 – American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861: A pro-Secession mob in Baltimore attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
1901–present
- Kishinev (Bessarabia) begins, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Palestine and the Western world.
- 1927 – Mae West is sentenced to ten days in jail for obscenity for her play Sex.
- 1936 – The Jaffa riots commence, initiating the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine.[12]
- Majdaneksubcamp.
- 1943 – World War II: In German-occupied Poland, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begins, after German troops enter the Warsaw Ghetto to round up the remaining Jews.
- 1943 – Bicycle Day.
- 1956 – Actress Grace Kelly marries Prince Rainier of Monaco.
- 1960 – Students in South Korea hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against president Syngman Rhee, eventually forcing him to resign.
- 1971 – Sierra Leone becomes a republic, and Siaka Stevens the president.
- 1971 – Launch of Salyut 1, the first space station.
- 1971 – conspiracy in the Tate–LaBianca murders.
- 1973 – The Portuguese Socialist Party is founded in the German town of Bad Münstereifel.
- 1975 – India's first satellite Aryabhata launched in orbit from Kapustin Yar, Russia.
- 1975 – withdrew from the town of Xuan Loc in the last major battle of the Vietnam War.[13]
- 1976 – A violent F5 tornado strikes around Brownwood, Texas, injuring 11 people. Two people were thrown at least 1,000 yards (910 m) by the tornado and survived uninjured.[14][15]
- 1984 – Advance Australia Fair is proclaimed as Australia's national anthem, and green and gold as the national colours.
- FBI agents lay siege to the compound of the white supremacist survivalist group The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lordin Arkansas; the CSA surrenders two days later.
- Good Night".
- 1989 – A gun turret explodes on the USS Iowa, killing 47 sailors.
- Branch Davidian building in Waco, Texas, USA, ends when a fire breaks out. Seventy-six Davidians, including 18 children under age 10, died in the fire.
- 1995 – Oklahoma City bombing: The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, USA, is bombed, killing 168 people including 19 children under the age of six.
- 1999 – The German Bundestag returns to Berlin.
- 2000 – Air Philippines Flight 541 crashes in Samal, Davao del Norte, killing all 131 people on board.[16]
- 2001 – Space Shuttle Endeavour is launched on STS-100 carrying the Canadarm2 to the International Space Station.[17]
- elected to the papacy and becomes Pope Benedict XVI.
- 2011 – Fidel Castro resigns as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba after holding the title since July 1961.
- 2013 – Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev is killed in a shootout with police. His brother Dzhokhar is later captured hiding in a boat inside a backyard in the suburb of Watertown.
- 2020 – A killing spree in Nova Scotia, Canada, leaves 22 people and the perpetrator dead, making it the deadliest rampage in the country's history.[18][19]
- 2021 – The Ingenuity helicopter becomes the first aircraft to achieve flight on another planet.[20]
Births
Pre-1600
- 1452 – Frederick IV, King of Naples (d. 1504)[21]
- 1593 – Sir John Hobart, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1647)[22]
1601–1900
- French Minister of Defence (d. 1685)[23]
- 1613 – Christoph Bach, German musician (d. 1661)[24]
- 1633 – Willem Drost, Dutch painter (d. 1659)[25]
- 1655 – George St Lo(e), Royal Navy officer and administrator (d. 1718)[26]
- 1658 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine, German husband of Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha of Austria (d. 1716)[27]
- 1665 – Jacques Lelong, French author (d. 1721)[28]
- 1686 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian ethnographer and politician (d. 1750)
- 1715 – James Nares, English organist and composer (d. 1783)
- 1721 – Roger Sherman, American lawyer and politician (d. 1793)
- Karl von Ordóñez, Austrian violinist and composer (d. 1786)
- 1757 – Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, English admiral and politician (d. 1833)
- 1758 – William Carnegie, 7th Earl of Northesk, Scottish admiral (d. 1831)
- Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French pianist and composer (d. 1858)
- 1787 – Deaf Smith, American soldier (d. 1837)
- 1793 – Ferdinand I of Austria (d. 1875)
- 1806 – Sarah Bagley, American labor organizer (d. 1889)
- 1814 – Louis Amédée Achard, French journalist and author (d. 1875)
- 1831 – Mary Louise Booth, American writer, editor and translator (d. 1889)[29]
- 1832 – José Echegaray, Spanish poet and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
- 1835 – Julius Krohn, Finnish poet and journalist (d. 1888)
- 1863 – Hemmo Kallio, Finnish actor (d. 1940)
- 1872 – Alice Salomon, German social reformer (d. 1948)[30]
- 1873 – Sydney Barnes, English cricketer (d. 1967)
- 1874 – Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist, and eugenicist (d. 1952)
- 1877 – Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American engineer, invented the outboard motor (d. 1934)
- 1879 – Arthur Robertson, Scottish runner (d. 1957)
- 1882 – Getúlio Vargas, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 14th President of Brazil (d. 1954)
- 1883 – Henry Jameson, American soccer player (d. 1938)
- 1883 – Richard von Mises, Austrian-American mathematician and physicist (d. 1953)
- 1885 – Karl Tarvas, Estonian architect (d. 1975)
- 1889 – Otto Georg Thierack, German jurist and politician (d. 1946)[31]
- 1891 – Françoise Rosay, French actress (d. 1974)
- 1892 – Germaine Tailleferre, French composer and educator (d. 1983)[32]
- 1894 – Elizabeth Dilling, American author and activist (d. 1966)
- 1897 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
- 1897 – Jiroemon Kimura, Japanese super-centenarian, oldest verified man ever (d. 2013)
- 1898 – Constance Talmadge, American actress and producer (d. 1973)
- 1899 – George O'Brien, American actor (d. 1985)
- 1899 – Cemal Tollu, Turkish lieutenant and painter (d. 1968)
- 1900 – Iracema de Alencar, Brazilian film actress (d. 1978)
- 1900 – Richard Hughes, English author, poet, and playwright (d. 1976)
- 1900 – Roland Michener, Canadian lawyer and politician, 20th Governor General of Canada (d. 1991)
- 1900 – Rhea Silberta, American Yiddish songwriter and singing teacher (d. 1959)
1901–present
- 1902 – Veniamin Kaverin, Russian author and screenwriter (d. 1989)
- 1903 – Eliot Ness, American law enforcement agent (d. 1957)[33]
- 1908 – Irena Eichlerówna, Polish actress (d. 1990)
- 1912 – Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
- 1913 – Ken Carpenter, American discus thrower and coach (d. 1984)
- 1917 – Sven Hassel, Danish-German soldier and author (d. 2012)
- 1919 – Sol Kaplan, American pianist and composer (d. 1990)
- 1920 – Marvin Mandel, American lawyer and politician, 56th Governor of Maryland (d. 2015)[34]
- 1920 – Julien Ries, Belgian cardinal (d. 2013)
- 1920 – Ragnar Ulstein, Norwegian journalist and war historian (d. 2019)[35]
- 1921 – Anna Lee Aldred, American jockey (d. 2006)[36]
- 1921 – Leon Henkin, American logician (d. 2006)[37]
- 1921 – Roberto Tucci, Italian Jesuit leader, cardinal, and theologian (d. 2015)
- 1922 – Erich Hartmann, German colonel and pilot (d. 1993)
- 1922 – David Smith, politician in Rhodesia and Zimbabwe (d. 1996)
- John Kraaijkamp, Sr., Dutch actor (d. 2011)
- 1925 – Hugh O'Brian, American actor (d. 2016)
- 1926 – Rawya Ateya, Egyptian captain and politician (d. 1997)
- 1928 – John Horlock, English engineer and academic (d. 2015)[38]
- 1928 – Azlan Shah of Perak, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (d. 2014)
- 1931 – Walter Stewart, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2004)
- 1932 – Fernando Botero, Colombian painter and sculptor (d. 2023)
- 1933 – Jayne Mansfield, American model and actress (d. 1967)[39]
- 1934 – Dickie Goodman, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1989)
- 1935 – Dudley Moore, English actor, comedian, and pianist (d. 2002)[40]
- 1935 – Justin Francis Rigali, American cardinal
- 1936 – Wilfried Martens, Belgian politician, 60th Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2013)
- 1936 – Jack Pardee, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
- 1937 – Antonio Carluccio, Italian-English chef and author (d. 2017)[41]
- 1937 – Elinor Donahue, American actress
- 1937 – Joseph Estrada, Filipino politician, 13th President of the Philippines
- 1938 – Stanley Fish, American theorist, author, and scholar
- 1939 – Clay Shaw, American accountant, judge, and politician (d. 2013)[42]
- 1941 – Michel Roux, French-English chef and author (d. 2020)
- 1941 – Bobby Russell, American singer-songwriter (d. 1992)
- 1942 – Alan Price, English keyboard player, singer, and composer
- 1943 – Margo MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician (d. 2014)[43]
- 1944 – James Heckman, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1944 – Bernie Worrell, American keyboard player and songwriter (d. 2016)[44]
- 1946 – Tim Curry, English actor and singer[45][46]
- Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
- 1952 – Simon Cowell, English conservationist and author[47][48]
- 1954 – Trevor Francis, English footballer and manager (d. 2023)
- 1956 – Anne Glover, Scottish biologist and academic
- 1960 – Ara Gevorgyan, Armenian pianist, composer, and producer
- 1960 – Frank Viola, American baseball player and coach[51]
- 1964 – Kim Weaver, American astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic
- 1965 – Suge Knight, American record executive[52]
- 1966 – Véronique Gens, French soprano and actress
- 1968 – Ashley Judd, American actress[53]
- 1968 – Mswati III, King (Ngwenyama) of Eswatini (Swaziland)[54]
- 1970 – Kelly Holmes, English athlete and double Olympic champion
- Rivaldo Vitor Borba Ferreira, Brazilian footballer[55]
- 1978 – James Franco, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1978 – Amanda Sage, American-Austrian painter and educator
- 1979 – Kate Hudson, American actress[56]
- 1981 – Hayden Christensen, Canadian actor[57]
- 1981 – Lise Klaveness, Norwegian footballer and lawyer, president of the Norwegian Football Federation[58]
- 1981 – Troy Polamalu, American football player[59]
- Samuel C. Morrison, Jr., Liberian-American journalist, producer, and screenwriter
- 1982 – Ali Wong, American comedian and actress[60]
- 1983 – Joe Mauer, American baseball player[61]
- 1986 – Candace Parker, American basketball player[62]
- 1987 – Joe Hart, English footballer[63]
- 1987 – Maria Sharapova, Russian tennis player[64]
- 1989 – Simu Liu, Canadian actor[65]
- 1990 – Jackie Bradley Jr., American baseball player[66]
- 1990 – Kim Chiu, Filipino actress, singer, and dancer[67]
- 1991 – Kelly Olynyk, Canadian basketball player[68]
- 2002 – Loren Gray, American singer and internet personality[69]
Deaths
Pre-1600
- 843 – Judith of Bavaria, Frankish empress
- 1012 – Ælfheah of Canterbury, English archbishop and saint (b. 954)
- 1013 – Hisham II, Umayyad caliph of Córdoba (b. 966)
- 1044 – Gothelo I, duke of Lorraine
- 1054 – Leo IX, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1002)
- 1321 – Gerasimus I, patriarch of Constantinople
- 1390 – Robert II, king of Scotland (b. 1316)
- 1405 – Thomas West, 1st Baron West, English nobleman (b. 1335)[70]
- 1431 – Adolph III, count of Waldeck (b. 1362)
- 1560 – Philip Melanchthon, German theologian and reformer (b. 1497)
- 1567 – Michael Stifel, German monk and mathematician (b. 1487)
- 1578 – Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1530)
- 1588 – Paolo Veronese, Italian painter (b. 1528)
1601–1900
- 1608 – Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English poet, playwright, and politician, Lord High Treasurer (b. 1536)
- 1618 – Thomas Bastard, English priest and author (b. 1566)
- 1619 – Jagat Gosain, Mughal empress (b. 1573)[71]
- 1629 – Sigismondo d'India, Italian composer (b. 1582)
- 1686 – Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra, Spanish historian and playwright (b. 1610)
- 1689 – Christina, queen of Sweden (b. 1626)
- 1733 – Elizabeth Hamilton, countess of Orkney (b. 1657)
- 1739 – Nicholas Saunderson, English mathematician and academic (b. 1682)
- 1768 – Canaletto, Italian painter and etcher (b. 1697)
- 1776 – Jacob Emden, German rabbi and author (b. 1697)
- 1791 – Richard Price, Welsh-English preacher and philosopher (b. 1723)
- 1813 – Benjamin Rush, American physician and educator (b. 1745)
- 1824 – Lord Byron, English-Scottish poet and playwright (b. 1788)
- 1831 – Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1765)
- Commodore Governor of Newfoundland(b. 1756)
- 1840 – Jean-Jacques Lartigue, Canadian bishop (b. 1777)
- 1854 – Robert Jameson, Scottish mineralogist and academic (b. 1774)
- 1881 – Benjamin Disraeli, English journalist and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804)
- 1882 – Charles Darwin, English biologist and theorist (b. 1809)
- 1893 – Martin Körber, Estonian-German pastor, composer, and conductor (b. 1817)
1901–present
- 1901 – Alfred Horatio Belo, American publisher, founded The Dallas Morning News (b. 1839)
- 1903 – Oliver Mowat, Canadian politician, third Premier of Ontario, eighth Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (b. 1820)[72]
- 1906 – Pierre Curie, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
- 1906 – Spencer Gore, English tennis player and cricketer (b. 1850)
- 1909 – Signe Rink, Greenland-born Danish writer and ethnologist (b. 1836)
- 1914 – Charles Sanders Peirce, American mathematician and philosopher (b. 1839)
- 1915 – Thomas Playford II, English-Australian politician, 17th Premier of South Australia (b. 1837)
- 1916 – Ephraim Shay, American engineer, designed the Shay locomotive (b. 1839)
- 1926 – Alexander Alexandrovich Chuprov, Russian-Swiss statistician and theorist (b. 1874)
- 1930 – Georges-Casimir Dessaulles, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1827)
- 1937 – Martin Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Allington, English cartographer and politician (b. 1856)
- 1937 – William Morton Wheeler, American entomologist and zoologist (b. 1865)
- 1940 – Jack McNeela, Irish Republican died on hunger strike[73]
- 1941 – Johanna Müller-Hermann, Austrian composer (b. 1878)
- 1949 – Ulrich Salchow, Danish-Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
- 1950 – Ernst Robert Curtius, French-German philologist and scholar (b. 1886)
- 1952 – Steve Conway, British singer (b. 1921)[74]
- 1955 – Jim Corbett, British-Indian colonel, hunter, and author (b. 1875)
- 1960 – Beardsley Ruml, American economist and statistician (b. 1894)
- 1961 – Max Hainle, German swimmer (b. 1882)
- 1966 – Väinö Tanner, Finnish politician of Social Democratic Party of Finland; the Prime Minister of Finland (b. 1881)[75]
- 1967 – Konrad Adenauer, German politician, 1st Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)
- 1971 – Luigi Piotti, Italian race car driver (b. 1913)
- 1975 – Percy Lavon Julian, American chemist and academic (b. 1899)
- 1988 – Kwon Ki-ok, Korean pilot (b. 1901)[76]
- 1989 – Daphne du Maurier, English novelist and playwright (b. 1907)[77]
- 1991 – Stanley Hawes, English-Australian director and producer (b. 1905)
- 1992 – Frankie Howerd, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1917)[78]
- 1993 – David Koresh, American cult leader (b. 1959)
- 1993 – George S. Mickelson, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 28th Governor of South Dakota (b. 1941)
- 1998 – Octavio Paz, Mexican poet, philosopher, and academic Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
- SSofficer (b. 1919)
- 2000 – Louis Applebaum, Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1918)
- 2002 – Reginald Rose, American writer (b. 1920)
- 2004 – Norris McWhirter, English author and activist co-founded the Guinness World Records (b. 1925)
- 2004 – John Maynard Smith, English biologist and geneticist (b. 1920)
- 2004 – Jenny Pike, Canadian WWII servicewoman and photographer (b. 1922)[79]
- 2006 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American engineer, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1921)
- 2007 – Jean-Pierre Cassel, French actor (b. 1932)
- 2009 – J. G. Ballard, English novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1930)
- 2011 – Elisabeth Sladen, English actress (b. 1946)[80]
- 2012 – Levon Helm, American musician and actor (b. 1940)[81]
- 2013 – François Jacob, French biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920)
- 2013 – Al Neuharth, American journalist, author, and publisher, founded USA Today (b. 1924)
- 2015 – Raymond Carr, English historian and academic (b. 1919)
- 2015 – Roy Mason, English miner and politician, Secretary of State for Defence (b. 1924)[82]
- 2016 – Patricio Aylwin, Chilean politician (b. 1918)[83]
- 2017 – Lu Chao-Hsuan, Taiwanese guitarist, performer and educator. (b. 1929)[84]
- 2021 – Walter Mondale, American politician, 42nd Vice President of the United States (b. 1928)[85]
- 2021 – Jim Steinman, American composer, lyricist (b. 1947)[86][87]
- 2022 – Kane Tanaka, Japanese supercentenarian (b. 1903)[88][89]
- 2023 – Moonbin, South Korean singer and actor (b. 1998)[90][91]
- 2024 – Daniel Dennett, American philosopher and author (b. 1942)[92]
Holidays and observances
- Christian feast day:
- Catholic)[93]
- Conrad of Ascoli
- Emma of Lesum
- Expeditus
- George of Antioch
- Lutheran)
- Pope Leo IX
- Ursmar
- April 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
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{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ISBN 9780195127188.
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External links
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