April Ashley
April Ashley | |
---|---|
Born | Liverpool, England | 29 April 1935
Died | 27 December 2021 London, England | (aged 86)
Resting place | Ford Cemetery |
Other names | Toni April The Hon. April Corbett April West |
Occupation(s) | model, activist, author |
Height | 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)[1] |
Spouses | |
Parent(s) | Frederick Jamieson Ada Brown |
Website | www |
April Ashley
Early life
Born at 126
1950s to 1970s
Ashley joined the Merchant Navy in 1951 at the age of 16.[5][6] Following a suicide attempt, she was given dishonourable discharge,[4] and a second attempt resulted in her being sent to Ormskirk District General Hospital psychiatric unit at age 17.[6]
In her book The First Lady, Ashley tells the story of the rape she endured before transitioning. A roommate raped her and she was severely injured.[7]
Gender transition
After leaving the hospital, Ashley moved to London, at one point claiming to have shared a
]At the age of 25, having saved £3,000, Ashley had a seven-hour-long
Modelling career and public outing
After returning to Britain, she began using the name April Ashley and became a successful fashion model, appearing in British Vogue,[9] for which she was photographed by David Bailey,[10] and winning a small role in the 1962 film The Road to Hong Kong, which starred Bing Crosby and Bob Hope.[8][page needed][11]
A friend sold her story to the media in 1961 and The Sunday People outed Ashley as a trans woman.[12] She became a centre of attention and some scandal and her film credit was dropped.[12][11]
In November 1960 Ashley met Hon. Arthur Corbett (later 3rd Baron Rowallan), the Eton-educated son and heir of Lord Rowallan. They married in 1963 but the marriage soon deteriorated, at which point Ashley claimed to have a romance with Íñigo de Arteaga y Martín, the heir to the Dukedom of the Infantado.[13] Ashley's lawyers wrote to Corbett in 1966 demanding maintenance payments and in 1967 Corbett responded by filing suit to have the marriage annulled. The annulment was granted in 1970 on the grounds that Ashley was male, but Corbett had known about her history when they married. This is the case known as Corbett v Corbett.[6][8][page needed][10]
Later life and death
After a
In the 1980s Ashley married Jeffrey West on the cruise ship RMS Queen Mary in Long Beach, California, US.[15] They subsequently divorced but maintained friendly relations. In the 1990s, Ashley was employed by the environmental lobby group, Greenpeace and later by an art gallery.[13]
She talked about her life at St George's Hall, Liverpool as part of the city's Homotopia Festival on 15 November 2008,[16] and on 18 February 2009 at the Southbank Centre.[17]
Ashley latterly lived in Fulham, southwest London.[11] She died at home on 27 December 2021, at the age of 86.[5][18]
Biographies
April Ashley's Odyssey, a biography by
The 1983 biography of Peter O'Toole by Michael Freedland rejects the claim of an affair with Ashley. It states that he was acquainted with her in Spain while filming, but his then-wife Siân Phillips was with him at the time and knew the relationship to be platonic.[20][page needed]
In 2012 Pacific Films and Limey Yank Productions announced a project to create a film about Ashley's life.[21]
Awards and honours
- Ashley was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2012 Birthday Honours for services to transgender equality.[22][23]
- The exhibition ‘April Ashley: portrait of a lady’ was held at the Museum of Liverpool from 27 September 2013 to 1 March 2015.[24]
- Ashley was awarded a Lifetime Achievement honour at the European Diversity Awards 2014.[25]
- In December 2016, Ashley was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Liverpool.[26]
References
- ^ "April Ashley - Biography". IMDb. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
- ^ Jones, Kay (February 2014). "Radical Objects: April Ashley's Birth Certificate & Birthday Card". History Workshop. Archived from the original on 11 April 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
- ^ "Brown Ada & Jamieson Frederick" in Register of Marriages for Liverpool Registration District, vol. 8b (1933), p. 229
- ^ ISBN 978-0224018494. Archivedfrom the original on 18 November 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
- ^ from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
- ^ a b c d e Corbett v Corbett (EWHC 1970), Text.
- ^ ISBN 1-84454-231-9. Archivedfrom the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
- ^ ISBN 978-1849461016.
- ^ "Ariel Nicholson Is the First Out Trans Woman On the Cover of US Vogue". www.out.com. 5 August 2021. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
- ^ a b "Sex and the single grande dame". The Sydney Morning Herald. 4 June 2005. Archived from the original on 14 January 2011. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
- ^ a b c Durrant, Sabine (22 August 2010). "April Ashley interview: Britain's first transsexual". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 22 September 2010. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
- ^ a b "'Her' secret is out" (jpg). The Sunday People. 19 November 1961. Archived from the original on 15 November 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
- ^ a b "British pioneer transwoman who dated Michael Hutchence". The Sydney Morning Herald. 29 December 2021. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
- ^ "At the court of Queen Lear". The Observer. 24 December 2000. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- ^ Obituaries, Telegraph (28 December 2021). "April Ashley, model and actress who became one of Britain's first transwomen to undergo reassignment surgery – obituary". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2021 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
- ^ "An Audience with April Ashley". Homotopia. Archived from the original on 22 August 2009. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
- ^ "An Evening With April Ashley at the Southbank Centre". flickr. 19 February 2009. Archived from the original on 29 July 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
- ^ "April Ashley, model and actress who became one of the first transwomen to undergo reassignment surgery – obituary". The Telegraph. 28 December 2021. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
- ^ "Discriminating Beauty". Out Northwest. p. 23. Archived from the original on 8 October 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
- ISBN 978-0-86379-016-4. Archivedfrom the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
- ^ "Pioneering Trans Model April Ashley Gets Movie Deal, Honor From Queen Elizabeth". Queerty. Archived from the original on 29 July 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
- ^ "No. 60173". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 June 2012. p. 13.
- ^ "Kenneth Branagh knighted in Queen's Birthday Honours". BBC News. 16 June 2012. Archived from the original on 21 April 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
- ^ "Museum of Liverpool". Archived from the original on 6 July 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2015.
- ^ "Evan Davis and April Ashley Triumph at European Diversity Awards". www.EQView.com. Archived from the original on 8 January 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
- ^ "April Ashley awarded honorary degree". www.liverpool.ac.uk. University of Liverpool. Archived from the original on 29 December 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2021.