Arab-Berber
Arab-Berbers (
The Arab-Berber identity came into being[citation needed] as a direct result of the Arab conquest of North Africa, and the intermarriage between the Arabs who immigrated to those regions and local mainly Roman Africans and other Berber people;[citation needed] in addition, Banu Hilal and Sulaym Arab tribes originating in the Arabian Peninsula invaded the region and intermarried with the local rural mainly Berber populations, and were a major factor in the linguistic, cultural and ethnic Arabization of the Maghreb.[7][8]
Arab-Berbers form the core and vast majority of the populations[citation needed] of Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia, and about one-third of the population of Mauritania.[9][10]
Arab-Berbers primarily speak variants of
Historical perspective
Since the populations were partially affiliated with the Arab Muslim culture, Northwest Africa also started to be referred to by the Arabic speakers as Al-Maġrib, the Maghreb (meaning "The West") as it was considered as the western part of the known world. For historical references, medieval Arab and Muslim historians and geographers used to refer to Morocco as Al-Maghrib al Aqşá ("The Farthest West"), disambiguating it from neighboring historical regions called Al-Maghrib al Awsat ("The Middle West", Algeria) and Al-Maghrib al Adna ("The Nearest West", Ifriqiya (Tunisia)).[18]
The Maghreb was gradually Arabized with the spread of Islam in the 7th century AD, when the liturgical language Arabic was first brought to the Maghreb. However, the bulk of the population of northwestern Africa remained Berber or Roman Africans at least until the 14th century. Arabization was at least partly strengthened in the rural areas in the 11th century with the emigration of the Banu Hilal tribes from Egypt. However, many parts of the Maghreb were only Arabized relatively recently in the 19th and 20th centuries, such as the area of the Aurès (Awras) mountains. Lastly, the mass education and promotion of Arabic language and culture through schools and mass media, during the 20th century, by the maghrebis governments, is regarded as the strongest contributor to the Arabization process in the Maghreb.
See also
References
- ISBN 9781135193881. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
- ISBN 9781452266565. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
- ISBN 9781442254510. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
- ISBN 9780761430377. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
- ISBN 9789004257351. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
- ISBN 9780231507592. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
- ISBN 977-424-180-0
- ^ Ballais, Jean-Louis (2000) "Chapter 7: Conquests and land degradation in the eastern Maghreb" p. 133
- PMID 23431392.
- PMID 16866885.
- ^ Wehr, Hans: Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic (2011); Harrell, Richard S.: Dictionary of Moroccan Arabic (1966)
- ^ Tilmatine, Mohand (1999). "Substrat et convergences: Le berbére et l'arabe nord-africain". Estudios de Dialectologia Norteafricana y Andalusi (in French). 4: 99–119 – via ResearchGate.
- ^ (in Spanish) Corriente, F. (1992). Árabe andalusí y lenguas romances. Fundación MAPFRE.
- ^ (in French) Baccouche, T. (1994). L'emprunt en arabe moderne. Académie tunisienne des sciences, des lettres, et des arts, Beït al-Hikma.
- ISSN 1111-2050.
- ^ Leddy-Cecere, Thomas A. (2010). Contact, Restructuring, and Decreolization: The Case of Tunisian Arabic (PDF) (Senior Honors Thesis). Linguistic Data Consortium, Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Languages and Literatures. pp. 10–12–50–77.
- ^ S2CID 9517956. Retrieved 2023-01-05.
- ^ Yahya, Dahiru (1981). Morocco in the Sixteenth Century. Longman. p. 18.
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