Archidamus III
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National Archaeological Museum, Naples
Archidamus III (died 338 BC) king of Sparta from 360 to 338 BC.
Biography
While still a prince, he was the
Arcadians, Argives and Messenians in the "tearless battle", so called because the victory did not cost the Spartans a single life. However, he was in turn defeated by the Arcadians in 364 BC at Cromnus.[2]
In 362 BC, he showed great courage in the defense of Sparta against the Theban commander
Phocians against Thebes in the Sacred War of 355–346. In 346 BC, he went to Crete to help Lyttos in their struggle against Knossos in the Foreign War. In 343 BC, the Spartan colony Tarentum asked for Sparta's help in the war against the Italic populations, notably the Lucanians and the Messapians. In 342 BC, Archidamus arrived in Italy with a fleet and a mercenary army and fought against the barbarians, but in 338 BC he was defeated and killed under the walls of the Messapian city of Manduria. He was succeeded by his son Agis III, and was also the father of Eudamidas I and another son named Agesilaus.[3]
References
- ISBN 0-252-06740-1.
- ^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Tod, Marcus Niebuhr (1911). "Archidamus s.v. 3.". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 367.
- ^ Tod 1911.
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