Arctoidea
Arctoidea | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | Carnivora |
Clade: | Canoidea
|
Infraorder: | Arctoidea Flower, 1869 |
Subclades | |
|
Arctoidea is a
bear dogs
(Amphicyonidae).
The earliest caniforms were superficially similar to martens, which are tree-dwelling mustelids.
Together with feliforms, caniforms compose the order Carnivora; sometimes Arctoidea can be considered a separate suborder from Caniformia and a sister taxon to Feliformia.
Systematics
Arctoidea was named by Flower (1869). It was reranked as the unranked clade Arctoidea by Hunt (2001), Hunt (2002) and Hunt (2002); it was reranked as the infraorder Arctoidea by Koretsky (2001), Zhai et al. (2003) and Labs Hochstein (2007). It was assigned to Carnivora by Flower (1883), Barnes (1987), Barnes (1988), Carroll (1988), Barnes (1989), Barnes (1992), Hunt (2001), Hunt (2002) and Hunt (2002); and to Caniformia by Tedford (1976), Bryant (1991), Wang and Tedford (1992), Tedford et al. (1994), Koretsky (2001), Zhai et al. (2003), Wang et al. (2005), Owen (2006), Peigné et al. (2006) and Labs Hochstein (2007).[4][5][6]
Phylogeny
The
molecular phylogeny of six genes in Flynn (2005),[7] with the musteloids updated following the multigene analysis of Law et al. (2018).[8]
Caniformia |
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References
- ISBN 978-0429821219.
- ^ "Paleobiology Database: Arctoidea Basic info"[permanent dead link].
- PMID 25517696.
- ^ R. M. Hunt. 2001. "Small Oligocene amphicyonids from North America (Paradaphoenus, Mammalia, Carnivora)". American Museum Novitates 3331:1–20
- ^ I. Koretsky. 2001. "Morphology and systematics of Miocene Phocinae (Mammalia: Carnivora) from Paratethys and the North Atlantic region". Geologica Hungarica Series Palaeontologica 54:1–109
- ^ J. Labs Hochstein. 2007. "A new species of Zodiolestes (Mammalia, Mustelidae) from the early Miocene of Florida". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(2):532–534
- PMID 16012099.
- PMID 28472434.