1989 Argentine general election

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1989 Argentine general election
Presidential election
← 1983 14 May 1989 1995 →
600 members of the Electoral College
301 votes needed to win
Registered20,034,252
Turnout85.31%
 
Nominee Carlos Menem Eduardo Angeloz Álvaro Alsogaray
Party PJ UCR UCeDe
Alliance FREJUPO UCR + CFI Center Alliance
Running mate Eduardo Duhalde Juan Manuel Casella/
María C. Guzmán 		Alberto Natale
Electoral vote 312 234 33
States carried 20 3 + CABA 0
Popular vote 7,957,518 6,213,217 1,200,172
Percentage 47.51% 37.10% 7.17%
Percentage of votes (left) and electoral votes (right) by province.
President before election

Raúl Alfonsín
UCR

Elected President

Carlos Menem
PJ

Legislative election
← 1987 14 May 1989 1991 →
127 of 254 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
Turnout85.31%
Party % Seats +/–
Chamber of Deputies
Justicialist Front of Popular Unity

44.82% 66 +5
Radical Civic Union

29.23% 42 −9
Center Alliance

10.79% 10 +2
Independent Federalist Confederation

3.39% 3 +1
United Left

3.49% 1 +1
Socialist Unity

2.71% 0 −1
Others

5.67% 5 +1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Results by province

The Argentine general election of 1989 was held on 14 May 1989. Voters chose both the

Peronist Justicialist Party
won the control of both houses of Congress. This is the last presidential election the president was elected by the electoral college.

Background

Inheriting a difficult legacy from his

CGT
trade union opposition to his Peronist Renewal faction; Alfonsín's top political adviser, Interior Minister Enrique Nosiglia, in turn saw Menem's flamboyance as an opportunity for the struggling UCR.

The Justicialists (Peronists) took a sizable lead in polling early on, however, even as nearly half the voters remained undecided. Hoping to translate this into a UCR victory over the outspoken and eccentric Menem, President Alfonsín enacted an August 1988 "Springtime Plan" in a bid for lower inflation (then running at 27% monthly). The plan, criticized as a rehashed "Austral Plan" by the CGT, called for budget cuts and renewed wage freezes - policies they blamed for sliding living standards. Initially successful, a record drought late in the year buffeted critical export earnings and led to rolling blackouts, dissipating any gains Angeloz might have made from the "relief" of 6% monthly inflation.

A perennial third-party candidate, conservative economist

Federal Party
's endorsement; but alienating many others (particularly pensioners, among whom Alfonsín had won decisively in 1983). The largely civil campaign became increasingly a debate between the Justicialist nominee and the president, himself; Angeloz, the UCR nominee, remained "presidential" during the frequent exchanges of innuendo between Alfonsín and Menem.

Following a sharp drop in

U.S. dollar in heavy trading on "black Tuesday," February 7. The sudden drop in the austral's value threatened the nation's tenuous financial stability and, later that month, the World Bank recalled a large tranche of a loan package agreed on in 1988, sending the austral into a tailspin: trading at 17 to the dollar in January, the dollar quoted at over 100 australes by election day, May 14. Inflation, which had been held to the 5-10% monthly range as late as February, rose to 78.5% in May, shattering records and leading to a landslide victory for the Peronists. Polling revealed that economic anxieties were paramount among two-thirds of voters and Menem won in 19 of 22 provinces, while losing in the traditionally anti-Peronist Federal District (Buenos Aires
).

The nation's finances did not stabilize after the election, as hoped. The austral halved to the dollar next week, alone, and on May 29,

peacefully transferred power to the opposition.[1]

Candidates for presidency

  • La Rioja Province
  • Córdoba Province
  • City of Buenos Aires

Results

President

Presidential
candidate 		Vice Presidential
candidate 		Party Popular vote Electoral vote
Votes % Votes %
Carlos Menem Eduardo Duhalde Total Menem - Duhalde 7,957,518 47.51 312 52.00
Justicialist Front of Popular Unity (FREJUPO) 7,841,028 46.81 305 50.83
Renewal Current 113,163 0.68 7 1.17
Labor and People's Party (PTP) 2,770 0.02
Integration and Development Movement (MID) 557 0.00
Eduardo Angeloz Juan Manuel Casella Total Angeloz - Casella 5,434,049 32.44 213 35.50
Radical Civic Union (UCR) 5,162,574 30.82 198 33.00
UCR - Independent Federalist Confederation 220,505 1.32 9 1.50
UCR - Mobilization - Catamarca Popular Movement 50,970 0.30 6 1.00
Álvaro Alsogaray Alberto Natale Total Alsogaray - Natale 1,200,172 7.17 33 6.50
Center Alliance 1,042,984 6.23 28 4.67
Autonomist - Liberal - PDP - Popular Liberation Movement 106,774 0.64 5 0.83
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCeDe) 49,767 0.30
Democratic Progressive Party (PDP) 647 0.00
Eduardo Angeloz María Cristina Guzmán Total Angeloz - Guzmán 779,168 4.66 21 3.50
Independent Federalist Confederation (CFI) 675,101 4.03 21 3.50
Independent Federalist Confederation -
Federal Party
 		93,013 0.56
Federal Party
(PF) 		11,054 0.07
Néstor Vicente Luis Zamora United Left (IU) 409,250 2.44 1 0.17
José Corzo Gómez Federico Houssay Retirees Target Party (PBJ) 315,600 1.88 7 1.17
Guillermo Estévez Boero Alfredo Bravo Total Estévez Boero - Bravo 240,132 1.43
Socialist Unity (US) 218,950 1.31
Popular Socialist Party (PSP) 15,836 0.09
Socialist Party (PS) 3,600 0.02
Democratic Socialist Party (PSD) 1,746 0.01
Antonio Domingo Bussi Antonio Álvarez Republican Force (FR) 185,036 1.10 7 1.17
Jorge Altamira Gregorio Flores Workers' Party (PO) 45,763 0.27
Luis Alberto Ammann Lía Méndez Humanist - Green Front 42,316 0.25
No candidates Neuquén People's Movement (MPN) 35,466 0.21 4 0.67
Blockist Alliance 27,004 0.16 1 0.17
Chaco Action (ACHA) 19,831 0.12 1 0.17
Renewal Crusade (CR) 11,236 0.07
Ángel Bustelo Eduardo Hernández Total Bustelo - Hernández 10,157 0.06
Popular Action 4,773 0.03
Liberation Socialist Workers' Party (PSOL) 2,715 0.02
Anti-Imperialist Popular Democratic Movement (MODEPA) 1,345 0.01
Popular Accord 1,324 0.01
No candidates Renewal Unit Movement (MUR) 7,661 0.05
Blue, Loyalty, Restoration 7,287 0.04
Independence Party 4,083 0.02
Democratic Party of Jujuy 2,487 0.01
Retirees Party 2,340 0.01
Liberal Democratic Party - Provincial Popular Movement 2,327 0.01
Mario Hugo Geller Elisa Delboy Liberation Party 1,851 0.01
No candidates Renewal Front 1,281 0.01
Tradition and Coherence 1,181 0.01
Social Justice 1,147 0.01
Autonomist Union Front 973 0.01
Provincial Union 966 0.01
Provincial Action 838 0.01
Provincial Defense - White Flag 651 0.00
Fueguino People's Movement
(MOPOF) 		472 0.00
Nationalist Movement 245 0.00
Populist Unification 243 0.00
Authentic Socialist Party (PSA) 216 0.00
Authentic Formosa Party 181 0.00
Total 16,749,128 100
Positive votes 16,749,128 98.00
Blank votes 222,048 1.30
Invalid votes 116,049 0.68
Tally sheet differences 4,395 0.02
Total votes 17,091,620 100
Registered voters/turnout 20,034,252 85.31
Sources:[2][3]

Chamber of Deputies

Party Votes % Seats won Total seats
Justicialist Front of Popular Unity (FREJUPO) 7,460,488 44.82 66 127
Radical Civic Union (UCR) 4,865,835 29.23 42 93
Center Alliance 1,796,271 10.79 10 18
Independent Federalist Confederation (CFI) 565,080 3.39 3 5
United Left (IU) 580,943 3.49 1 1
Socialist Unity (US) 451,177 2.71 — 1
Retirees Target Party (PBJ) 301,101 1.81 1 1
Republican Force (FR) 213,957 1.29 2 2
Renewal Crusade (CR) 87,273 0.52 1 1
Workers' Party (PO) 53,671 0.32 — —
Humanist - Green Front 49,491 0.30 — —
Neuquén People's Movement (MPN) 49,070 0.29 1 2
Chaco Action (ACHA) 45,298 0.27 — —
Blockist Alliance 39,171 0.24 — 1
Río Negro Provincial Party (PPR) 22,331 0.13 — 1
Renewal Unit Movement (MUR) 9,027 0.05 — —
Blue, Loyalty, Restoration 7,638 0.05 — —
Liberal Democratic Party - Provincial Popular Movement 7,359 0.04 — —
Social Justice 5,878 0.04 — —
Renewal Front 4,770 0.03 — —
Independence Party 4,749 0.03 — —
Popular Accord 9,549 0.06 — —
Democratic Party of Jujuy 2,544 0.02 — —
Fueguino People's Movement
(MOPOF) 		2,309 0.01 — —
Liberation Party (PL) 1,944 0.01 — —
Christian Democratic Party (PDC) 1,831 0.01 — —
Authentic Socialist Party (PSA) 1,666 0.01 — —
Tradition and Coherence 1,426 0.01 — —
Autonomist Union Front 1,149 0.01 — —
Provincial Union 1,002 0.01 — —
Provincial Defense - White Flag (DP-BB) 816 0.00 — 1
Nationalist Movement 418 0.00 — —
Authentic Formosa Party 246 0.00 — —
Emancipatory Front 38 0.00 — —
Total 16,645,516 100 127 254
Positive votes 16,645,516 97.39
Blank votes 307,578 1.80
Invalid votes 99,482 0.58
Tally sheet differences 39,544 0.23
Total votes 17,092,120 100
Registered voters/turnout 20,034,252 85.31
Sources:[4][3]

Results by province

Province FREJUPO UCR Center Alliance CFI Others
Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats
Buenos Aires 3,042,080 48.37 19 1,655,591 26.32 10 630,163 10.02 4 190,445 3.03 — 770,828 12.25 2
Buenos Aires City
 641,767 31.51 5 580,197 28.49 4 449,822 22.09 3 146,540 7.19 1 218,392 10.73 —
Catamarca 68,098 54.23 2 51,285 40.84 1 1,257 1.00 — — — — 4,924 3.92 —
Chaco 190,605 49.17 2 133,986 34.56 2 6,713 1.73 — 1,651 0.43 — 54,685 14.10 —
Chubut 54,583 38.48 1 39,815 28.07 1 9,681 6.82 — 25,516 17.99 — 12,257 8.64 —
Córdoba 664,858 43.37 4 669,338 43.67 5 120,759 7.88 — — — — 77,905 5.08 —
Corrientes 120,807 32.58 1 89,798 24.22 1 151,613 40.89 1 3,371 0.91 — 5,184 1.40 —
Entre Ríos 283,517 50.49 3 208,634 37.15 2 46,864 8.34 — — — — 22,567 4.02 —
Formosa 93,949 58.46 1 63,155 39.30 1 2,000 1.24 — — — — 1,589 0.99 —
Jujuy 84,266 41.75 2 31,687 15.70 — 2,734 1.35 — 41,724 20.67 1 41,407 20.52 —
La Pampa 73,413 51.11 2 53,144 37.00 1 7,488 5.21 — 2,799 1.95 — 6,802 4.73 —
La Rioja 69,062 67.14 2 29,406 28.59 — 1,315 1.28 — 16 0.02 — 3,062 2.97 —
Mendoza 291,673 42.04 2 203,392 29.31 2 141,237 20.36 1 3,494 0.50 — 54,048 7.79 —
Misiones 162,361 52.21 2 115,401 37.11 1 20,080 6.46 — 7,158 2.30 — 5,965 1.92 —
Neuquén 54,347 36.47 1 35,600 23.89 1 4,815 3.23 — — — — 54,276 36.42 1
Río Negro 85,129 42.95 1 71,968 36.31 1 9,799 4.94 — — — — 31,322 15.80 —
Salta 154,116 42.66 1 91,225 25.25 1 7,647 2.12 — 88,294 24.44 1 20,005 5.54 —
San Juan 64,740 24.47 1 48,174 18.21 1 18,749 7.09 — — — — 132,857 50.23 1
San Luis 66,337 48.34 2 52,564 38.30 1 5,201 3.79 — — — — 13,129 9.57 —
Santa Cruz 32,933 52.94 2 23,964 38.52 1 3,102 4.99 — — — — 2,207 3.55 —
Santa Fe 740,538 48.01 5 438,268 28.41 3 144,393 9.36 1 14,494 0.94 — 204,834 13.28 —
Santiago del Estero 195,471 65.49 2 87,920 29.46 1 2,394 0.80 — 3,219 1.08 — 9,469 3.17 —
Tierra del Fuego 10,989 39.51 1 8,444 30.36 1 2,023 7.27 — 318 1.14 — 6,039 21.72 —
Tucumán 214,849 39.47 2 82,879 15.23 — 6,422 1.18 — 36,041 6.62 — 204,089 37.50 2
Total 7,460,488 44.82 66 4,865,835 29.23 42 1,796,271 10.79 10 565,080 3.39 3 1,957,842 11.77 6

Notes

  1. ^ Todo Argentina
  2. ^ "Recorriendo las Elecciones de 1983 a 2013 - Presidenciales". Dirección Nacional Electoral. Archived from the original on 2017-09-26. Retrieved 2017-09-25.
  3. ^ a b "Elecciones Nacionales ESCRUTINIO DEFINITIVO 1989" (PDF). Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 March 2018.
  4. ^ "Recorriendo las Elecciones de 1983 a 2013 - Diputados Nacionales". Dirección Nacional Electoral. Archived from the original on 2019-09-17. Retrieved 2020-12-16.
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