Arlingham
Arlingham | ||
---|---|---|
Shire county | ||
Region | ||
Country | England | |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom | |
Post town | Gloucester | |
Postcode district | GL2 | |
Dialling code | 01452 | |
Police | Gloucestershire | |
Fire | Gloucestershire | |
Ambulance | South Western | |
UK Parliament | ||
Arlingham is a
Geography
Arlingham lies at the western end of the horseshoe loop of the River Severn, known as the "Horseshoe
Bend",
The area has many public footpaths, including a section of the Severn Way. An illustrated map, detailing four circular walks, can be downloaded from the Red Lion Web Site.[13] Further walks, rides, routes and information can be found on Arlingham Walks and Cycle Rides
Trains to Worcester, Cheltenham, Gloucester, Stroud, Swindon and London call at Stonehouse railway station and trains to Bristol, Bath and Westbury and Gloucester stop at Cam and Dursley railway station.
Architecture
Arlingham is in a
Governance
The village falls in the 'Severn' electoral ward. This ward starts in the north east at Moreton Valence then follows the M5 motorway south west to Slimbridge.[20] The total ward population at the 2011 census was 4,760.[21]
History
Situated in the horseshoe loop of the Severn, Arlingham has much in its favour as a site for settlement,[22] so it is quite possible that dwellings have existed on or near the present site for thousands of years,[23][24] possibly as far back as the Stone Age, and evidence has been found in the area[25] of Bronze Age[26] and Iron Age[27] settlers.[28]
Indications of a Roman settlement have been found to the north of Passage Road and Romano-British pottery has been found in the area, including along the river bank at Arlingham Warth,[29][30] indicating that Arlingham was probably a wetland settlement of Roman Britain, possibly centred around iron workings. Numerous dense concentrations of primitive iron-making bloomery slag are distributed over the arable land south of Passage Pill.[31] "It is very likely that Romano-British farmers organised the building of the first flood banks and drainage ditches or rhynes, to bring more of the marshland into cultivation."[23]
In the 6th century the
After the
In the 12th century the Abbot of St. Augustine's Abbey Bristol (the Abbey later became
The earliest record of Arlingham church is in 1146, when the founder, Roger of Berkeley, a member of the
In the 17th century Arlingham experienced some severe flooding. 1607 saw The Great Flood of Arlingham.
In 1650; Wick Court[46] was rebuilt in its present form. Also in the 17th century, the wrought iron turret clock, with its relatively rare single hand, was added to the Church,[57] In 1717 six bells were cast by Abraham Rudhall and installed in the Church. In 1758, John Yate, the last male, Yate family heir died. His mother died in 1777 and the Court Estate passed to her great-niece Lady Dorothy Mill, who then sold Wick Court. On her death the Court Estate passed to her daughter Sophia Del Cannes, who lived in Naples and heavily mortgaged the estate which fell into a state of disrepair. In 1780 the large barn at Slowwepool farm was commissioned and built by the Hodges family.[29]
The passing of the Census Act 1800 enabled the first Census of England, Scotland and Wales to be undertaken. The census was carried out in 1801 and every ten years thereafter. Little remains of the 1801 - 1821 censuses[62] but, fortunately, much of the census information for Arlingham in 1831 has survived and shows the Arlingham population as 744, 393 male and 351 female, with 143 families, living in 103 houses. 85 families were mainly employed in Agriculture, 28 trade, manufacture and handicrafts and 30 families classified as "other". 5 houses in the village are shown as uninhabitable and one house was being built.[63] Further analysis of the 1831 census shows that 66% of the working male population over 20 were labourers or servants, 16% were "middling sorts", defined as "small farmers, masters and skilled workers with no employees", 13% were employers, mostly large farmers, and 8% were "others".[64] Information from the 1841 - 1911 censuses is accessible (census data is only publicly available after 100 years) and has been transcribed in a form that can be freely searched on line,[65] though some of the information from the older censuses is barely legible and in the transcription process many errors occurred. Photocopies of Arlingham Parish Registers are also available.[66][67] The 1871 census shows Arlingham as having a population of 697. At that time the village had a shop, blacksmith, butcher, tailor, dressmaker, shoemaker,school mistress, engine fitter, barge owner, two public houses (The Red Lion and The New Inn[68]), as well mariners, watermen, bricklayers, masons, carpenters, 12 farmers.[69] and many farm and domestic workers. Until 1934 Arlingham was in the "Wheatenhurst" (otherwise known as Whitminster) registration district, after which it became part of the Gloucester Rural District. In Kelly's Directory of Gloucestershire (1897), the listing for Arlingham states "George Lindsay Holford C.I.E. of Weston Birt House, is Lord of the manor and chief landowner".[70]
Arlingham is on the course of a
As Britain's longest navigable river, the Severn could once be sailed for 160 miles from the sea to near Welshpool in Wales. Up until the 19th century the River Severn was a vital commercial thoroughfare providing a transport system for food, minerals, timber and other cash crops produced in the region to reach their markets in the outside world.
In 1810 the Severn Tunnel Company secured an Act of Parliament to build a tunnel under the river at Arlingham Passage. The Severn tunnel (1810) plan was for a tramroad tunnel beneath the River Severn. The tunnel was to cross the river at Arlingham Passage, at a location between Newnham on Severn and Bullo Pill on the west bank, to the promontory near Arlingham on the east. Work was started but problems with flooding meant the project had to be abandoned. There were various schemes for a bridge, most recently in 1950,[89] but environmental and financial constraints meant none of these came to fruition.[29]
During the first decade of the 21st century, a group of villagers published three books of village life from bygone years to the present day.
- Arlingham, a Snapshot in Time. 2001.[23]
- Antiquities of Arlingham Parish. 2008.[23][29]
- Where the River Bends. 2009.[90]
A previous
References
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Further reading
- Arlingham, 'A Snapshot In Time' (2000), Arlingham Millennium Book Club Committee, Arlingham, ISBN 0-9540656-0-3
- Where The River Bends (2009), Arlingham Church Book Production Team, Arlingham, ISBN 978-0-9540656-2-1
- Farmer, David Hugh (1978). The Oxford Dictionary of Saints. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0752470153
- Sayer, J. (2008), Antiquities Of Arlingham Parish, Arlingham Parochial Council, Arlingham, ISBN 0-9540656-1-1
- Waters, B. (1987), Severn Tide. Alan Sutton Publishing, Stroud, ISBN 0-86299-381-4
- Willis, M (1993), The Ferry Between Newnham And Arlingham, Alan Sutton Publishing, Stroud, ISBN 0-7509-0530-1
External links
- Arlingham in the Domesday Book