Armando Diaz
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (June 2020) |
Armando Diaz | |
---|---|
Chief of Staff of the Italian Army | |
In office 9 November 1917 – 13 August 1919 | |
Preceded by | Luigi Cadorna |
Succeeded by | Pietro Badoglio |
Minister of War | |
In office 30 October 1922 – 30 April 1924 | |
Prime Minister | Benito Mussolini |
Preceded by | Marcello Soleri |
Succeeded by | Antonino Di Giorgio |
Personal details | |
Born | Naples, Kingdom of Italy | 5 December 1861
Died | 28 February 1928 Rome, Kingdom of Italy | (aged 66)
Spouse |
Sarah De Rosa-Mirabelli
(m. 1895; died 1928) |
Profession | General |
Unit | 49th Division of XXIII Corps |
Battles/wars | Italo-Turkish War
World War I
|
Armando Diaz, 1st Duke della Vittoria,
Early life
Born in
Prewar
He was first assigned to the 10th Field Artillery Regiment. In 1890, with his promotion to captain, he was moved to the 1st Artillery. In 1894, he attended the School of War and ended the courses ranking first in his class. Then, he moved into the Army Staff and worked in the office of General Alberto Pollio for two years.
In 1899, he received a promotion to infantry major and, for a year and a half, commanded a battalion of the 26th Infantry Regiment.
He reached the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1905 and served as Chief of Staff in Florence's Military Division. In 1910, as a colonel, he served in the
First World War
On the outbreak of World War I, Diaz was assigned to the high command as head of the unit's operations, under General Luigi Cadorna. Promoted to two-star general in June 1916, he assumed the command of the 49th division and then the 23rd Army Corps.
The
Postwar
On 1 November 1921, Diaz was in
After the war, Diaz was appointed as a senator. In 1921, he was ennobled by King Victor Emmanuel III and given the victory title of 1st Duca della Vittoria ("Duke of the Victory"). Benito Mussolini named him Minister of War, and upon retirement in 1924, he was given the honour of Marshal of Italy (Maresciallo d'Italia).
He died in Rome in 1928 and was buried in the church of Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri. Admiral Paolo Thaon di Revel was interred next to Diaz upon his death in 1948.
Honours and awards
- Knight of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1919)
- Knight Grand Cross with Grand Cordon of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
- Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of Savoy ("Who, having assumed the office of chief of the army in a very difficult war situation, with shrewd work of organization and shrewd effective control line, always highly inspired by the interests of the country, was able to obtain this level of preparation moral and military troops to successfully overcome the ordeal of a great battle engaged by enemy forces and means imposing", 26 June 1918)
- Silver Medal of Military Valor
- War Merit Cross, twice
- Commemorative Medal for the Italo-Turkish War
- Commemorative Medal for the Italo-Austrian War 1915-18 (4 years of campaign)
- Commemorative Medal for the Unification of Italy
- Commemorative Medal for the Italian Victory
- Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
- Médaille militaire (France)
- Distinguished Service Medal (United States)
- Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (France)
- Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (Belgium)
- Commanders Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari(Poland)
- During a five-hour tour of Providence, Rhode Island on 9 December 1921 Diaz was honoured with a reception by the governor and mayor; received the Key to the City of Providence; and was bestowed Honorary Degrees by Brown University and Providence College[6][7]
According to the Italian historiographer Aldo Mola, the membership of Diaz to the Freemasonry is reasonably probable, but not demonstrated with certainty.[8]
See also
References
- ^ Meddings, Alexander (6 July 2017). "The Lions That Led: The 10 Greatest Generals of the First World War". History Collection. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
- ^ Irene Cecconi Archived 2015-11-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Francis Whiting Halsey. "The Literary Digest History Of The World War Compiled From Original And Contemporary Sources". Richardson Press (9 March 2010). Page 106.
- ^ "L'arrivo in Italia dei feriti di Derna e di Zanzur – Lo sbarco a Napoli". La Stampa. 28 September 1912.
- ISBN 978-0-713-99840-5.
- ^ "Providence College Alembic". Providence College. p. 83. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
- ^ "Providence Magazine". 34. January 1922: 21–25. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
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(help) - ^ Aldo A. Mola, Storia della Massoneria italiana dalle origini ai nostri giorni, Bompiani, Milan, 1992, pag. 453.
- This article uses material from the equivalent Italian-language article, retrieved 16 November 2005.
- Who's Who: Armando Diaz