Armed Forces Day
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An Armed Forces Day, alongside its branch-specific variants often referred to as Army or Soldier's Day, Navy or Sailor's Day, and Air Force or Aviator's Day, is a holiday dedicated to honoring the armed forces, or one of their branches, of a sovereign state, including their personnel, history, achievements, and perceived sacrifices. It's often patriotic or nationalistic in nature, carrying propaganda value outside of the conventional boundaries of a military's subculture and into the wider civilian society. Many nations around the world observe this day. It's usually distinct from a Veterans or Memorial Day.
Africa
Egypt
In Egypt, Armed Forces Day is celebrated on 6 October, the date on which the Yom Kippur War of 1973 began with the Egyptian Army's successful crossing of the Suez Canal that culminated in the capture of the Bar Lev Line.[1]
Liberia
Armed Forces Day is celebrated on 11 February.[2]
Mali
Mali Army Day is celebrated on 20 January.[3]
Mauritania
Nigeria
In Nigeria, Armed Forces Day, also known as
Somalia
Somali Armed Forces Anniversary is celebrated on 12 April as the Armed Forces were founded on 12 April 1960. The branches of Armed Forces conduct a military parade in the Ministry of Defence's campus each year.
South Africa
Armed Forces Day for the South African National Defence Force is celebrated on 21 February, the day of the 1993 reconstitution of the South African Defence Force into its current identity. It has been celebrated with parades nationwide since 2012. Since 2017, the Armed Forces Day event also honors the fallen of the tragic 1917 sinking of SS Mendi, which carried South African forces into the frontlines during the First World War, resulting in one of the biggest military losses ever in South African military history.
Americas
Argentina
In Argentina, the commemorative dates of the Armed Forces are as follows:
- 17 May : Argentine Navy Day
- 29 May : Argentine Army Day
- 10 August : Argentine Air Force Day
Bolivia
Bolivian Armed Forces Day (Spanish: Dia de las Fuerzas Armadas de Bolivia) is marked on 7 August, the day after Independence Day, as it was the day in 1826 when Bolivia's first President, Antonio José de Sucre, officially gave his sanction to the creation of the Armed Forces of Bolivia.
Brazil
In Brazil, the commemorative dates of the Armed Forces are as follows:[6]
Brazilian Navy (Portuguese: Marinha do Brasil):
- 11 June – Brazilian Navy Day (Portuguese: Data Magna da Marinha do Brasil)
- 13 December – Sailor's Day (Portuguese: Dia do Marinheiro)
Brazilian Army (Portuguese: Exército Brasileiro):
- 19 April – Brazilian Army Day (Portuguese: Dia do Exército)
- 25 August – Soldier's Day (Portuguese: Dia do Soldado)
Brazilian Air Force (Portuguese: Força Aérea Brasileira):
- 23 October – Aviator's Day (Portuguese: Dia do Aviador)
Canada
In Canada,
Chile
In Chile, Army Day (
For the Chilean Navy, its counterpart is the national
Colombia
In Colombia, Army Day (Spanish: Día del Ejército Nacional) is celebrated every 7 August, in commemoration of the Battle of Boyacá (1819) which led to the expulsion of most of the Spanish Forces in the country. The Colombian Army holds a military ceremony on the site of the battle to commemorate its anniversary. It was established as a result of a presidential decree by President Alfonso López Michelsen in 1978 (decreto No 1461 de 1978). [12]
For the Colombian Navy, it celebrates Navy Day (Spanish: Día de la Armada de Colombia) every 24 July, in commemoration of the Battle of Lake Maracaibo in 1823 led by Colombian Admiral José Prudencio Padilla. A Naval Review is held in the main naval bases in the Pacific and Caribbean, with the main celebrations concentrated in the Bay of Cartagena where the largest Naval Review is held. [13]
Cuba
The
Dominican Republic
Armed Forces Day (Spanish: Día de las Fuerzas Armadas) is celebrated on 25 February to commemorate the anniversary of the armed forces of the Dominican Republic. It is also the day of birth of Matías Ramón Mella, who is regarded as a national hero in the Dominican Republic and fired the first shot with his blunderbuss to proclaim, along with other patriots, the Independence from Haiti on 27 February 1844. On 27 February a military parade is held to commemorate the Independence anniversary.
Ecuador
In Ecuador, the commemorative dates of the Armed Forces are as follows:
Ecuadorian Army (Spanish: Ejército Ecuatoriano):
- 27 February – Ecuadorian Army Day (Spanish: Día del Ejército Ecuatoriano), in commemoration of the Battle of Tarqui (1829)[15]
Ecuadorian Navy (Spanish: Armada Nacional del Ecuador):
- 25 July – Ecuadorian Navy Day (Spanish: Día de la Armada Nacional del Ecuador), in commemoration of the Battle of Jambelí (part of the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War, 1941)[16]
Ecuadorian Air Force (Spanish: Fuerza Aérea Ecuatoriana):
- 27 October – Anniversary of foundation (1920)[17]
Guatemala
In Guatemala, Día del Ejército is celebrated on 30 June. It is remembered because in 1871 the Liberal Revolution or "Revolución Liberal", led by
Haiti
In Haiti, Le Jour de La Battaille Des Vertieres is celebrated on 18 November in celebration of the victory of the indigenous slave African and
Mexico
Mexican Armed Forces Day (Spanish: Día de las Fuerzas Armadas Mexicanas) is celebrated on 19 February since 1950, in commemoration of the decree that created them in 1917.
Peru
In Peru, the Día de las Fuerzas Armadas del Perú (English: Peruvian Armed Forces Day) is celebrated on 24 September, the feast of the Virgin of Mercy, patroness of the Armed Forces. The day for the Peruvian Army itself is 9 December, commemorating Peru's victory in the Battle of Ayacucho, which ended the Peruvian War of Independence, while for the Peruvian Navy, Navy Day is on 8 October, the double anniversary of the 1821 foundation of the Navy and the Battle of Angamos in 1879.
Air Force Day is held on 23 July, the anniversary of the death of Peruvian Air Force Lieutenant José Quiñones Gonzales during the 1941 Ecuadorian–Peruvian War.
The Great Military Parade of Peru is held on the day after Independence Day, 29 July, and this is where all 3 services of the Armed Forces are also honored.
United States
In the United States, Armed Forces Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in May. It falls near the end of Armed Forces Week, which begins on the second Saturday of May and ends on the third Sunday of May (the fourth if the month begins on a Sunday, as in 2016).[18]
First observed on 20 May 1950, the day was created on 31 August 1949 as President
The first Armed Forces Day was celebrated by
Because of their unique training schedules,
On 19 May 2017, President Donald Trump reaffirmed the Armed Forces Day holiday, marking the 70th anniversary since the creation of the Department of Defense.[20][21][22]
Aside from the Armed Forces Day, the Armed Forces and the National Guard Bureau are honored on the following days:
- 29 March: Vietnam Veterans Day (general commemoration in the Armed Forces)[23]
- Last Monday of May: Memorial Day
- 14 June: Flag Day and US Army Birthday (United States Army)
- 4 August: Coast Guard Day (United States Coast Guard)
- 17 September: Constitution Day (general commemoration in the Armed Forces)
- 18 September: Air Force Day (United States Air Force)
- 13 October: US Navy Birthday (United States Navy)
- 27 October: Navy Day (United States Navy)
- 10 November: Marine Corps Birthday (United States Marine Corps)
- 11 November: Veterans Day
- 13 December: National Guard Day (National Guard of the United States)
- 20 December: Space Force Birthday (United States Space Force)
Venezuela
Venezuela celebrates Army Day on 24 June, the anniversary of Simón Bolívar's victory in the Battle of Carabobo, which led to Venezuela's independence from Spain.
Navy Day, honoring the 1823 Battle of Lake Maracaibo, is celebrated on the same day as the birthday of Simón Bolívar, 24 July.[citation needed]
The Venezuelan Air Force marks Air Force Day on 27 November every year, honoring the role of Venezuelan military aviation in national history (the date, used since 2010, is in remembrance of the 2nd of the
National Guard Day is celebrated on 3 August, the date of the 1936 founding of the Venezuelan National Guard. The entire Venezuelan National Armed Forces are also honored on Independence Day, 5 July, which is also earmarked as National Armed Forces Day.[citation needed]
Asia
Azerbaijan
The Day of the Armed Forces of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Silahlı Qüvvələr Günü) is celebrated on 26 June. The events are centered around a military parade in Baku, the national capital. The annual parade is one of the biggest in the Commonwealth of Independent States.
Armenia
Army Day (Armenian: Բանակի օր) is celebrated on 28 January to commemorate the formation of the armed forces of the newly independent Armenia in 1992.[24]
Bangladesh
Bangladesh observes Armed Forces Day on 21 November to mark the occasion of the Tri-Services joint operation against occupying Pakistani forces in the
Brunei
Armed Forces Day (Hari Ulang Tahun Angkatan Bersenjata Diraja) is marked on 31 May annually to mark the formal raising on this date in 1961 of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces.
China (People's Republic of China)
The
Georgia
Georgia marks its Armed Forces Day (
India
In India,
Indonesia
Hari Tentara Nasional Indonesia (English: Indonesian National Armed Forces Day) abbreviated HUT TNI; is celebrated on 5 October, the day of the foundation of the Tentara Keamanan Rakyat (People's Security Armed Forces), the predecessor of the TNI, in 1945, itself a replacement for the Badan Keamanan Rakyat (People's Security Corps) established on 29 August on the same year. Military parades are held nationwide in major cities and provincial capitals in honor of the TNI's serving men and women and military veterans.
Iran
Iraq
Iraqi Army Day is celebrated on 6 January, and marks the anniversary of the activation of the
Israel
Japan
In Japan, following the end of World War II, the
Empire of Japan
In the Empire of Japan, Army Commemoration Day (Japanese: 陸軍記念日; Romaji: Riku-gun Kinen'bi) was celebrated every 10 March, in commemoration of the Japanese victory in the Battle of Mukden. Similarly, Navy Commemoration Day (Japanese: 海軍記念日; Romaji: Kai-gun Kinen'bi) was celebrated every 24 May in commemoration of the Japanese victory in the Battle of Tsushima. These days were celebrated from 1906 until the end of World War II in 1945.
Kazakhstan
The Defender of the Fatherland Day of Kazakhstan is observed on 7 May to mark the founding of the
Laos
The Anniversary of The Lao Army was observed annually every 20 January by the Lao People's Armed Forces to celebrate the creation of the independent Lao army on 20 January 1949. Every year, large posters are placed to remind that date which was marks the first step towards full independence and domination of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party.[34] A military parade is held in the early morning in the capital of Vientiane. In the Kingdom of Laos, 1 July was the anniversary of the Royal Lao Army.
Lebanon
Lebanese Armed Forces Day is celebrated on 1 August.
Malaysia
Hari Angkatan Tentera Malaysia (English: Malaysian Armed Forces Day) is celebrated on 16 September, Malaysia Day. This double holiday, which marks the formation of Malaysia in 1963, is also marked in the Malaysian Armed Forces as the anniversary of the formal raising of the first companies of the Royal Malay Regiment in 1933, from which would grow the basis of the modern day Armed Forces. To avoid conflict with Malaysia Day festivities, celebrations are marked on the Tuesday after Malaysia Day, which also conclude a two-month long celebration period of the anniversary of Malaysian nationhood.
Maldives
Maldives Armed Forces Day (
Mongolia
Myanmar
In
North Korea
In North Korea, the Military Foundation Day is celebrated on 8 February, in commemoration of the day of the creation of the modern Korean People's Army (KPA)[37] in 1948. On that holiday North Korea holds a national commemorative assembly in Pyongyang and various commemorative events, firepower demonstrations, concerts and the biannual military parade. Since 23 April 1996 when the Central People's Committee issued an ordinance making it a national holiday, both the entire military and civilians are permitted to take off from work to celebrate all those serving in the KPA and its veterans.
Additionally, since 2015, the KPA and its veterans are honored on People's Revolutionary Army Day, held every 25 April, to commemorate the official formation of the predecessor forces of the Army, the Revolutionary Army, in the spring of 1932.
Pakistan
In Pakistan, the Federal
Philippines
Armed Forces Day (Filipino: Araw ng Hukbong Sandatahang Lakas, Spanish: Dia de las Fuerzas Armadas de Filipinas) is observed on 21 December, the anniversary of the official founding of the Armed Forces of the Philippines in 1935 in accordance with CA No. 1 (National Defense Act of 1935).
Taiwan / Republic of China (ROC)
The Armed Forces Day (
Tajikistan
Рӯзи Артиши Миллӣ Тоҷик (English: Tajik National Army Day) is celebrated on 23 February to commemorate the formation of the
The following service branches also have their own professional holidays:
- 6 February – Tajik Internal Troops
- 28 May – Tajik Border Troops
- 4 August – Tajik Mobile Forces
- 2 October – Presidential National Guard
Thailand
Thailand honours the
Singapore
In Singapore, Singapore Armed Forces Day falls on 1 July each year.[41] The practice began in 1969, just several years after Singapore separated from Malaysia to become a sovereign nation. The day is marked by a parade and a re-affirmation of the pledge of loyalty[42] by all members of the Singapore Armed Forces on parade in a Trooping the Colour like event.[43][44] Each year, a minute of silence is observed to pay tribute to the servicemen.[45] On that day, the outgoing colour bearer of the Singapore Army hands over the State Colour of the Army to a new colour bearer from the Army's Best Combat Unit of the year. The President of Singapore gives a holiday address to the SAF and the nation. Since 1987, rededication ceremonies have been held across the country so that employers can pledge their support for SAF.[46]
South Korea
In South Korea, 국군의 날 (English: Armed Forces Day) falls on 1 October, the day that South Korean forces broke through the 38th parallel in 1950 during the Korean War. It is not a national holiday or public day off, but a National Flag Raising Day (국기게양일) to recognize and honor the active and reserve servicemen and women and veterans of the Republic of Korea Armed Forces.
Sri Lanka
In Sri Lanka each armed services celebrates its own Army Day (10 October), the Navy Day (9 December) and the Air Force Day (2 March) respectively. However all armed services celebrate Independence Day (4 February) with a military parade in which they display their full colours.[47] Since 2010, the armed services also hold parades on Victory and Remembrance Day (18 May), in honour of the armed forces fallen, heroes and veterans of the Sri Lankan Civil War.
Vietnam
In Vietnam, People's Army Day is celebrated on 22 December, the day of the 1944 foundation of the People's Army of Vietnam. This is not a public holiday, but relevant celebrations are held nationwide to celebrate the occasion.[citation needed]
South Vietnam
The Armed Forces Day of South Vietnam was celebrated from 1965 to 1974 on 19 June; the holiday is still celebrated internationally by former South Vietnamese military veterans.[48]
Europe
Bulgaria
The Day of Bravery and Bulgarian Armed Forces Day is commemorated every year on 6 May, The Feast of Saint George, who is the patron saint of the Bulgarian Armed Forces. The national parade is held on Prince Alexander of Battenberg Square in Sofia, the national capital city, on this day, with the salute taken by the President of Bulgaria, the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces.
Croatia
In Croatia, the commemorative dates of the Armed Forces are as follows:
Armed Forces of Croatia (Croatian: Oružane snage Republike Hrvatske):
- 28 May – Croatian Armed Forces Day (Croatian: Dan Oružanih snaga Republike Hrvatske), marking the day of the first-ever public parade of the military forces on 28 May 1991 on Stadion Kranjčevićeva, Zagreb.
Croatian Army (Croatian: Hrvatska kopnena vojska);
- 28 May – Croatian Army Day (Croatian: Dan Hrvatske kopnene vojske).
Croatian Navy (Croatian: Hrvatska ratna mornarica);
- 18 September – Croatian Navy Day (Croatian: Dan Hrvatske ratne mornarice);
- 12 December – Croatian Air Force Day (Croatian: Dan Hrvatskog ratnog zrakoplovstva).
The entire Croatian Armed Forces are also honored on 5 August, Victory and Homeland Defenders Day and Day of the Defenders of Croatia, celebrating the anniversary of the 1995 Operation Storm.
Finland
In Finland, Day of the
France
During
Greece
Greece marks its Armed Forces Day (Greek: Ημέρα των Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων) on 21 November, on the day of the Presentation of Mary.[51]
Hungary
In Hungary, the Patriots and Homeland Defenders Day is celebrated on 21 May, honoring all those serving in the
Italy
Giorno delle Forze Armate (English: Armed Forces Day) is celebrated on 4 November to remember the Italian victory in the First World War. On 4 November 1918, Austrian-Hungarian forces agreed to a cease fire, thus ending the war on Italian front.
The following service holidays are celebrated all over the Italian Armed Forces:
- Army Day: 4 May (Italian Army)
- Navy Day: 10 June (Italian Navy)
- Air Force Day: 28 March (Italian Air Force)
- Carabinieri Days: 5 June and 13 July
Latvia
The Latvian National Armed Forces Day is marked every 10 July, the day when in 1919 Latvia's Independent and North Latvian brigades where united in one formation under the command of General Dāvids Sīmansons. Similar celebrations occur on Lāčplēsis Day.
Lithuania
Lithuanian Armed Forces Day (Lithuanian: Lietuvos kariuomenės diena) is celebrated on 23 November. It honors the issuing of the first laws regarding the army on 23 November 1918 at the height of the Lithuanian–Soviet War.[52][53][54] The holiday is traditionally celebrated with the noon military parade on Cathedral Square in Vilnius, which runs through Gediminas Avenue to Independence Square after being reviewed by the President of Lithuania. NATO, alongside Lithuanian troops take part in the parade, with contingents coming from United States, Latvia, Canada, Ukraine, Germany and the United Kingdom.[55]
Moldova
On 3 September, the Moldovan National Army marks the Ziua Armatei Naționale (Day of the National Army), with the Ministry of Defense organizing large demonstrations on the occasion of holiday.[56] Military and civilian staff lay flowers at the Stephen the Great Monument and there is also a ceremony of the decoration of National Army distinctions. On 2 March, the entire Armed Forces of Moldova celebrates Remembrance Day, which honours the veterans of the Transnistria War, with events being organized from 1–4 March. Participants in years past have also organized the Memory March, walking from Great National Assembly Square to the Maica Indurerata (Grieving Mother) at the Eternity Memorial Complex.[57]
Montenegro
The Day of the Armed Forces of Montenegro is celebrated on 7 October. This day celebrates the victory over the vastly superior Byzantine army at the hands of Stefan Vojislav, the lord of Duklja in a battle at Tuđemili near Bar in 1042.[58] During this battle, the 40,000 strong Byzantine army was destroyed by the Dukljan Army, killing 7 Byzantine Strategoi. This battle reaffirmed Dukljan independence and freedom from Byzantine imperial rule over the lands of Montenegro.
North Macedonia
The Day of
Poland
In Poland, the Święto Wojska Polskiego (English: Polish Armed Forces Day) is celebrated annually on 15 August. Begun in 1923, the day commemorated the anniversary of Poland's 1920 victory over
Romania
In Romania, the Armed Forces Day (Romanian: Ziua Armatei) is celebrated on 25 October. On this day, in 1944, the Romanian Land Forces retook Carei, the last Romanian city under joint German–Hungarian occupation.
The Romania–Hungary border had been reached a few days earlier, but the troops rested, and then completed the reoccupation of Northern Transylvania during the Battle of Carei.[62][63]
Russian Federation
In Russia, the День защитника Отечества / Dyen' zaschitnika Otechestva (English: Defender of the Fatherland Day) is celebrated on 23 February, honoring all those serving in the Russian Armed Forces. In the Soviet Union there was День Советской Армии / Dyen' Sovetskoy Armii (Day of the Soviet Army), celebrated on the same date. It is the very day of the anniversary since the formation of the modern armed forces of the Soviet Union in 1918, the traditions of which are continued by the current Russian Armed Forces, in conjunction with the heritage of its Imperial past.
In Russia the following holidays are celebrated by military personnel, veterans and the general public:
- Russian Special Operations Forces Day on 27 February, commemorating the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula in Ukraine, 2014[64]
- Victory Day on 9 May: Victory Day marks Germany's surrender to the Soviet Union in 1945
- Navy Day on the last Sunday of July
- Paratroopers' Day on 2 August
- Russian Air Force Day on 12 August
- Russian Ground Forces Day on 1 October, in honor of the 1550 raising of the first Streltsy detachments
- Sputnik
- Russian Naval InfantryDay on 27 November, the date of its 1705 founding
- Strategic Missile ForcesDay on 17 December
Serbia
Dan Vojske Srbije (Serbian Armed Forces Day) is marked on 23 April, the anniversary of the beginning of the 1815 Second Serbian Uprising which began the long road towards the restoration of Serbian independence after years of Ottoman occupation.
Spain
Armed Forces Day (Spanish: Día de las Fuerzas Armadas) is observed in Spain since 1978.[65] It started as a purely military celebration, but became with time a more colourful and popular event, the central acts of which are held each year at a different city.[66] Since 1987 it is observed the Saturday nearest to 30 May, feast-day of Saint Ferdinand, King.[67]
The Armed Forces and those killed in service are also honoured at the celebrations of
Ukraine
- Ground Forces Day for the Ukrainian Ground Forces is celebrated on 12 December.
- Navy Day for the Ukrainian Navy is celebrated on the first Sunday of July since June 2015.[68][69][70]
- Air Force Day is the first Saturday in August.[71]
For the entire Armed Forces of Ukraine, Armed Forces Day (Ukrainian: День Збройних сил України) is celebrated on 6 December, with fireworks displays and gun salutes nationwide.[72] This holiday was established in 1993 by a resolution passed by the Verkhovna Rada.[73]
Other military holidays in Ukraine include:
- 23 May – Marine Corps Birthday
- 8 July – Air Defence Forces Day
- 8 August – Signal Corps Day
- 7 September – Military IntelligenceForces Day
- 9 September – Armoured ForcesDay
- 14 September – Mobilized Servicemen Day
- 14 October – Defenders of Ukraine Day
- 29 October – Finance Officers Day
- 3 November – Rocket Forces and Artillery Day
- 3 November – Corps of Engineers Day
- 21 November – Air Assault Forces Day
- 23 December – Operational Servicemen Day
United Kingdom
The first Armed Forces Day in the
The 2009 celebrations were centred on
The
The 2010 event was centred on Cardiff and in 2011 it was Edinburgh's turn. Smaller events were held throughout the United Kingdom.[78][79][80]
UK Armed Forces Day 2012 was centred on Plymouth and took place on Saturday 30 June. Smaller events were held throughout the United Kingdom. The Isle of Man holds its event on Sunday 24 June.
Scarborough was chosen to be the host location for the 2020 UK Armed Forces Day event on Saturday 27 June.[81] Scarborough was announced as the venue in June 2018, after submitting a bid which was described by the MoD as "outstanding".
The event was due to take place on 27 June 2020, and would have contained a large programme of events taking place on the day and in the build up to the event.[82] The AFD became a "virtual event" after the COVID-19 pandemic and so Scarborough Borough Council created a website hosting military related content instead. The AFD for 2021, will be held in Scarborough in lieu of the 2020 event.[83]
Oceania
Australia and New Zealand
There is also a Reserve Forces Day in Australia first celebrated in 1998 for "the 50th anniversary of the reforming of the Citizen Military Forces after World War II on 1 July 1948 and Reserve service. The date of the first of July was chosen as the official date of Reserve Forces Day with the celebrations being held on that day or the weekend before or following that date."[86]
See also
- Red poppy
- Remembrance Sunday
- Volkstrauertag
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Ukrainian Navy to celebrate its holiday on first Sunday of July – decree, Interfax-Ukraine (12 June 2015)
- ISBN 1-885073-86-0
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External links
- DefenseLINK: Armed Forces Day (U.S.)
- Image of young boys posing next to a railway rifle on Army Day at Fort MacArthur, San Pedro, 1930s. Los Angeles Times Photographic Archive (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library, University of California, Los Angeles.