Armenia–Georgia border

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Map of Armenia, with Georgia to the north
Armenian and Georgian boundary markers

The Armenia–Georgia border (Armenian: Հայաստան-Վրաստան սահման, romanized: Hayastan–Vrastan sahman, Georgian: სომხეთ-საქართველოს საზღვარი, romanized: Somkhet–Sakartvelos sazghvari) is the international boundary between Armenia and Georgia. It is 219 km (136 mi) in length and runs from the tripoint with Turkey in the west to the tripoint with Azerbaijan in the east.[1]

Description

The border starts in the west at the tripoint with Turkey and proceeds overland to the tripoint with Azerbaijan via a series of irregular lines and a small section in the east along the Debed river. The western, more mountainous section of the boundary contains two lakes situated quite close to the frontier – Madatapa (in Georgia) and Arpi (in Armenia).

History

During the 19th the Caucasus region was contested between the declining

Syunik region of modern Armenia.[3][4] Following the Russo-Persian War (1826–1828) and the Treaty of Turkmenchay Persia was forced to cede the area of Nakhchivan and the rest of modern Armenia.[5][4] Russia organised its Georgian and Armenian territories into the governorates of Tiflis, Kutaisi and Erivan
.

Claimed territory of the Georgian Democratic Republic, with the disputed Lori region in pink
Borders between the Armenian and Georgian Soviet republics in 1926. The northern part of the Borchaly district was part of the Armenian SSR.

Following the

short war in December.[10][8] A ceasefire was brokered by the British under William Montgomerie Thomson on 17 January 1919 and the disputed area was declared a neutral zone pending further peace talks.[8][10] Thereafter, both Armenia and Georgia pushed into the Kars area of modern eastern Turkey, annexing lands and causing further disputes between over ownership of territory.[10]

The issue was rendered moot when in 1920 Russia's

USSR, before being separated in 1936.[10]

The boundary became an international frontier in 1991 following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the independence of its constituent republics. In 1994 the two countries began work on delimiting their border.[8] There is a large Armenian minority in Georgia, concentrated especially in the border province of Samtskhe–Javakheti where they form an at times aggrieved majority.[12][13] However neither the Armenian or Georgian government have pressed for a rectification of the old Soviet-era border between them.[10]

Settlements near the border

Sadakhlo checkpoint

Armenia


Georgia

Border crossings

The following border crossings operate between Armenia and Georgia:[14][15]

See also

References

  1. ^ CIA World Factbook - Georgia, retrieved 9 September 2020
  2. ^ The boundary between Turkey and the USSR (PDF), January 1952, archived from the original (PDF) on January 24, 2017, retrieved 8 April 2020
  3. ^ John F. Baddeley, "The Russian Conquest of the Caucasus", Longman, Green and Co., London: 1908, p. 90
  4. ^ a b USSR-Iran Boundary (PDF), February 1951, archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2017, retrieved 9 April 2020
  5. ^ Gavin R.G. Hambly, in The Cambridge History of Iran, ed. William Bayne Fisher (Cambridge University Press, 1991), pp. 145-146
  6. OCLC 312951712
    (Armenian Perspective)
  7. OCLC 78646544
    (Turkish Perspective)
  8. ^ a b c d e Samkharadze, Nikoloz (August 2020). "Georgian State Border – Past and Present" (PDF). Centre for Social Sciences. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  9. ^ King, Francis. "Improbable nationalists? Social democracy and national independence in Georgia 1918-1921" (PDF). UEA Digital Repository. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Anderson, Andrew; Partskhaladze, George. "Armeno-Georgian War of 1918 and Armeno-Georgian Territorial Issue in the 20th Century". Retrieved 26 September 2020.
  11. Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia
    (in Armenian). Vol. 4. Yerevan: Armenian Encyclopedia. pp. 663–64.
  12. ISBN 9789150616002
    .
  13. ^ Ionesyan, Karine (22 September 2009). "Defending Chakhalyan: Tbilisi accused of "dragging out" appeal hearing in high-profile "Armenian activist" case". ArmeniaNow. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
  14. ^ "Border crossing points". National security service of the Republic of Armenia=. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  15. ^ "Border checkpoints of Georgia". State Commission on Migration Issues=. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  16. ^ a b c "Georgia Border Crossings". Caravanistan. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  17. ^ President Serzh Sargsyan attends opening of refurbished Bavra border checkpoint
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