Armed Forces of Armenia
Armed Forces of Armenia | |
---|---|
Հայաստանի զինված ուժեր | |
Founded | 28 May 1918; 105 years ago |
Current form | 28 January 1992; 32 years ago |
Service branches | Armenian Ground Forces Armenian Air Force |
Headquarters | Yerevan |
Website | www |
Leadership | |
Commander-in-chief | President Vahagn Khachaturyan |
Prime Minister | Nikol Pashinyan |
Minister of Defence | Suren Papikyan |
Chief of the General Staff | Major General Edvard Asryan |
Personnel | |
Military age | 18–27[1] |
Conscription | 24 months |
Available for military service | 809,576 males, age 15–49, 870, 864[6] females, age 15–49 |
Fit for military service | 637,776 males, age 15–49, 729,846 females, age 15–49 |
Reaching military age annually | 31,774 males, 31,182 females |
Active personnel | 70,600 (Army 65,600. Air force 5,000). There are additional 5,000 paramilitary.[2]
21,363 (in command of Armenian-Georgian War 1920 Turkish–Armenian War 1920 Red Army invasion of Armenia 1921 February Uprising 1988–1994 First Nagorno-Karabakh War 2020 Second Nagorno-Karabakh War |
Ranks | Military ranks of Armenia |
The Armed Forces of Armenia (
The
History
Early Armenian Army
An Armenian military corps was established to fight against the Ottomans during the Turkish–Armenian War in early 1918. In accordance with the Treaty of Batum of 4 June 1918 the Ottoman Empire demobilized most of the Armenian army.[21] Ethnic Armenian conscripts and volunteers in the Imperial Russian Army would later become the core of the military of the First Armenian Republic.
Soviet era
The 7th Guards Army was based in Yerevan from 1946 to 1992. In the late 1980s the Army consisted of:
- Directorate – Yerevan
- 15th Motor Rifle Division – Kirovakan (now Vanadzor)
- 75th Motor Rifle Division – Nakhichevan[22]
- Leninakan (now Gyumri)
- 164th Motor Rifle Division – Yerevan
On 1 June 1992,
1988–1992
The modern Armenian military entered its first stage at the beginning of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, when Armenian militias were formed to combat Azerbaijani units in Artsakh.[25] On 20 September 1990, the first military unit was created, the Yerevan Special Regiment, with the first oath being held in the Republican Assembly Point and was attended by the first President of Armenia Levon Ter-Petrosyan, Prime Minister Vazgen Manukyan, and defence minister Vazgen Sargsyan.[26] Five battalions were also formed in Ararat, Goris, Vardenis, Ijan and Meghri. In 1991, by the decision of the government, the State Committee of Defense under the Council of Ministers, which facilitated the task of coordinating the defense operations of Armenia, becoming the basis on which the Ministry of Defense was to be established later on.[27]
Post-1992
Armenia established a Ministry of Defence on 28 January 1992. The first military unit of the defence ministry to be formed was the 1st Airborne Regiment, where the first Armenian soldier took the oath to the nation that March.[28][29][30] Since a significant part of the officers of the Armed Forces were fighters of the self-defense volunteer detachments, a center for raising the qualification of officers was established for their qualification and training, which during its activity it provided about 1,500 officer-graduates. The School of Non-Commissioned Officers produced about 1,000 graduates.[27]
The
In addition to the branches of services listed above, Armenia established its own
Organization and service branches
The Armenian Armed Forces are Headquartered in Yerevan, where most of the general staff is based. The general staff is responsible for operational command of the Armenian Military and its two major branches.[33] The armed forces also has the following personnel branches:
- Department of Military Preparedness
- Department of Military Apparatus
- Department of Aviation
- Department of Missile Troops
- Department of Air Defence
- Department of Rear Services
- Department of Signal Troops
- Department of the Engineer Troops
- Department of Armaments
- Department of the RNBC Defence Troops
- Medical Department
- Personnel Department
- Intelligence Department
- Strategic Planning Department
- Mobilization Department
- Operative Department
- Department of Military Service Security
- Department of Military Commissars
- Financial Department
- Human Resources Department
Ground Forces
According to IISS 2010, Armenia has 30
Although the Russians have supplied newer equipment to Armenia over the years, the numbers have never been sufficient to upgrade all ground force formations and many of the lower readiness units still have older, Soviet-legacy systems that have not been upgraded or in many cases effectively maintained. These older systems are placing great demands on the logistics system for service, maintenance, replacement parts and necessary upgrades, costing the army both financially and in overall readiness. The ground force is engaged in an effort of reassessment, reorganisation and restructuring, as the future of Armenia's defence needs a revised force structure and unit mix. The army sees the need to maintain much of its traditional mechanised formations, but is looking to lighten and make more mobile and self-sustainable a small number of other formations. It must develop these newer formations to support its international requirements and effectively operate in mountainous and other rugged terrain, but it must do this without affecting the mechanised capability that is needed to confront Azerbaijan's conventional forces.[35]
Since the fall of the
The Army is functionally divided into Active and Reserve Forces. Their main functions include deterrence, defense, peace support and crisis management, humanitarian and rescue missions, as well as social functions within Armenian society.
The Active Forces mainly have peacekeeping and defensive duties, and are further divided into Deployment Forces, Immediate Reaction, and Main Defense Forces. The Reserve Forces consists of Enhancement Forces, Territorial Defense Forces, and Training Grounds. They deal with planning and reservist preparation, armaments and equipment storage, training of formations for active forces rotation or increase in personnel.
During peacetime the Army maintains permanent
In times of crisis the Army's main tasks relate to participation in operations countering
In case of low- and medium-intensity military conflict the Active Forces that are part of the Army participate in carrying out the initial tasks for the defense of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the country. In case of a high intensity conflict the Land Forces, together with the Air Force, Air Defense and Border Guards, form the defense group of the Armenian Armed Forces aiming at countering aggression and protect the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the country.
Experiments in developing small arms have been undertaken in Armenia, producing the
Air Force and Air Defense
The
The Armenian anti-aircraft branch was equipped and organized as part of the military reform program of Lieutenant-General
In late December 2010, the Armenian Defense Minister, Seyran Ohanyan, officially acknowledged that the army are equipped with the Russian-made
Military of Artsakh
In addition to forces mentioned above, there were around 20,000 active soldiers defending
Personnel
The Armed Forces of Armenia is constitutionally a conscript force, but there is also a growing number of professional officers. There were roughly 19,000 conscripts and 23,000 professionals serving in 2017.[43] Enlistment, which is performed twice a year, is handled by military commissariats. Male draftees between the ages of 18 and 27 are obliged to present themselves in the commissariats for registration. People who have changed their citizenship or have dual citizenship are also subject to conscription, unless they have already served in the armed forces of another country. Since 2003, conscientious objectors can apply for alternative service. Draft evaders can not be appointed to public service positions. Citizens who have completed military service are registered in the reserve and are divided into rank and file, non-commissioned and commissioned staff of the reserve. Reservists can be called up to training musters and exercises in peacetime. Reserve obligation lasts up to the age of 50.[44]
Educational institutions
- National Defense Research University
- Vazgen Sargsyan Military University
- Monte Melkonian Military Academy
- Armenak Khanperyants Military Aviation University
- Yerevan State Medical University Military Faculty
- Foreign institutions for Armenian soldiers[45]
Higher military education is provided by the National Defense Research University in Yerevan. It was established in 2016, on the basis of the Institute for National Strategic Studies.[46]
The I Have the Honour State Program is an educational program of the ministry of defence that serves conscripts in the army. Participants of the program are given the right to defer conscription in favor of education in post-secondary institutions with full reimbursement of tuition fees, after which the conscript is awarded the rank of lieutenant and is appointed to the service for a period of 2 years and 3 months.[47]
Contract service
A contractual military service is a service last for 3–12 months, or for a term of three or five years. Males under 36 who have not previously served as contract servicemen and are registered in the reserve, can be enrolled in contractual military service as privates. Felons and those not fit for service are ineligible for contract service. Since 2008, sergeant training courses for contract servicemen have operated in the Armed Forces and since 2013, the duration of the courses has three months. The courses are open to reservist privates under the age of 25.[48]
Conscription
Military service in Armenia is mandatory.[49] Citizens aged 27 to 50 are registered in the reserve and may be drafted if a national mobilization was declared. The enlistment process is handled by the military commissariats in January and May. Dual citizens are not be exempt from the draft.[50] If one fails to follow through with their obligations, a criminal case is then instituted, which could lead to 3 years in jail.[51]
The following military commissariats operate in Armenia:[52]
- Yerevan
- Conscription and Mobilization Service
- No.1 territorial subdivision
- No.2 Territorial Subdivision
- No.3 Territorial Subdivision
- No.4 Territorial Subdivision
- Ashtarak
- Aragatsotn Regional Subdivision
- Artashat
- Ararat Regional Subdivision
- Armavir
- Armavir Regional Subdivision
- Martuni
- Gegharkunik Regional Subdivision
- Abovyan
- Kotayk Regional Subdivision
- Vanadzor
- Lori Regional Subdivision
- Gyumri
- Shirak Regional Subdivision
- Goris
- Syunik Regional Subdivision
- Ijevan
- Tavush Regional Subdivision
- Yeghegnadzor
- Vayots Dzor Province Regional Subdivision
The armed forces also sport the following volunteer units:
- Sisakan Regiment[53]
- Erato Detachment
- Vanadzor Volunteer Detachment[54]
- ARF Battalion[57][58][59]
- Tigran the Great International Military Regiment[60]
Women in the armed forces
During the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in the early 90s, at least 115 Armenian women were known to have taken part in combat operations.[61] Many women from the diaspora arrived to serve in non-combat missions.[62] The first woman to have been given a significant position in the military was Zhanna Galstyan, who was appointed deputy commander of the Central District Defensive Unit after the formation of the Artsakh Defense Army.[63]
More than 2,000 women currently serve in the army, with most working in administrative positions or in liaison and medical units. In October 2016, a program, approved by the
Minorities
During the 2020 war, a group of
Equipment
The Armenian Army operates a wide variety of older equipment, mostly of
Following the
Armenia is not a significant exporter of conventional weapons, but it has provided support, including material, to the
International military cooperation
Russia
Russia is one of the closest allies of Armenia. The
According to unconfirmed reports by the Azeri media, Russia has supplied $1 billion worth of arms and ammunitions to Armenia in 1996; and handed over an additional $800 million worth of arms to Armenia in 2008–2009. According to AzerNews, the weapons in this latest transfer include 21 tanks, 12 armored vehicles, five other battle machines, a great number of rocket launchers, over 1,050 cases of grenades, nearly 7,900 types of ammunition, 120 grenade launchers, over 4,000 sub-machine guns, TNT fuses, mines of various types, 14 mine-launchers, 9 Grad launchers, five cannons, and other weapons.[74]
Officer training is another sphere of Russian-Armenian military cooperation. In the first years of sovereignty when Armenia lacked a military educational establishment of its own, officers of its army were trained in Russia. Even now when Armenia has a military college on its own territory, the Armenian officer corps honors the tradition and is trained at Russian military educational establishments. In 1997, 600 Armenian servicemen were being trained at Russian Military Academies: the training was conducted by the Marshal Bagramyan Training Brigade.[75]
At the first meeting of the joint Russian-Armenian government panel for military-technical cooperation that took place during autumn 2005, Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov reported that, Russian factories will participate in the Armenian program of military modernization, and that Russia is prepared to supply the necessary spare parts and equipment. In accordance with this agreement, Armenia and Russia agreed to work together in exporting weapons and other military equipment to third countries in December 2009. The export agreement was signed by Defense Minister Seyran Ohanyan and a visiting senior Russian official, Konstantin Biryulin, during a meeting of a Russian-Armenian inter-governmental commission on bilateral military-technical cooperation. The agreement envisages the two countries' interaction in exporting military production to third countries, which will help to strengthen the armed forces of the two states, and further cement the already close Russian–Armenian military cooperation.[72]
A Russian-Armenian defense agreement signed in August 2010 extends Russia's military presence in Armenia till 2044 and commits Russia to supplying Armenia with modern and compatible weaponry and special military hardware at reduced prices.[76]
At the beginning of 2009, Azerbaijani media published allegations that Russia had made extensive weapons transfers to Armenia throughout 2008 costing about $800 million. On 12 January 2009, the Russian ambassador was invited to the Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs and asked about this information. On 21 January 2009, Russian ministry of foreign relations officially denied the transfers.[77] According to US diplomatic cables leaked in December 2010, Azerbaijani defence minister Safar Abiyev claimed that in January 2009 during his visit to Moscow, his Russian counterpart Anatoly Serdyukov unofficially had admitted to weapons transfers "after the second bottle of vodka" that evening, although officially it was denied.[78]
In June 2013 it was revealed that Russia has deployed in Armenia several
Collective Security Treaty Organisation
On 7 October 2002, the Presidents of
The charter reaffirmed the desire of all participating states to abstain from the use or threat of force. Signatories would not be able to join other military alliances or other groups of states, while aggression against one signatory would be perceived as an aggression against all. To this end, the CSTO holds yearly military command exercises for the CSTO nations to have an opportunity to improve inter-organisation cooperation. The largest-scale CSTO military exercise held, to date, were the "Rubezh 2008" exercises hosted in Armenia where a combined total of 4,000 troops from all 7 constituent CSTO member countries conducted operative, strategic, and tactical training with an emphasis towards furthering the efficiency of the collective security element of the CSTO partnership.[81]
The Ministry of Defense of Armenia has repeatedly stated that it would expect direct military assistance from the CSTO in case war with Azerbaijan resumes, as recently as December 2009, Defense Minister Ohanyan made the same statement. In August 2009, Nikolay Bordyuzha, the CSTO's secretary-general, confirmed that official Yerevan can count on such support.[72]
On 4 February 2009, an agreement to create the Collective Rapid Reaction Force (KSOR) was reached by five of the seven CSTO members, with plans finalized on 14 June 2009. Armenia is one of the five member states. The force is intended to be used to repulse military aggression, conduct
NATO
Armenia participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PiP) program and it is in a NATO organization called Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC). Armenia is in the process of implementation of Individual Partnership Action Plans (IPAPs), which is a program for those countries that have the political will and ability to deepen their relationship with NATO. Cooperative Best Effort exercise (the first where Russia was represented) was run on Armenian territory in 2003.
France
On 5 October 2023, following the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh, France announced that it would send defense aid to the Armenian military.[83]
Greece
Greece is Armenia's closest ally in NATO and the two cooperate on multiple issues. A number of Armenian officers are trained in Greece every year, and military aid/material assistance has been provided to Armenia. In 2003, the two countries signed a military cooperation accord, under which Greece will increase the number of Armenian servicemen trained at the military and military-medical academies in Athens.
In February 2003, Armenia sent 34 peacekeepers to Kosovo where they became part of the Greek contingent. Officials in Yerevan have said the Armenian military plans to substantially increase the size of its peacekeeping detachment and counts on Greek assistance to the effort. In June 2008, Armenia sent 72 peacekeepers to Kosovo for a total of 106 peacekeepers.
Baltic States
Lithuania has been sharing experience and providing consultations to the Armenian Defense Ministry in the field of democratic control of armed forces, military and defense concepts and public relations since 2002. Since 2004, Armenian officers have been invited to study at the Lithuanian War Academy and the Baltic Defence College in Tartu, Estonia. Lithuania covers all study expenditures. In early 2007, two Armenian officers for the first time took part in a Baltic lead international exercise, Amber Hope, which was held in Lithuania.[84]
United States
The
Since 2003, Armenia and the Kansas National Guard have exchanged military delegations as part of a National Guard Bureau program to promote better relations between the United States and developing nations. The program has largely consisted of mutual visits to each other's countries in an effort to share "ideas and [the] best practices for military and emergency management."[86]
Eagle Partner 2023 was a military exercise which took place in Armenia from 11 September to 20 September 2023. The main goal of the exercise was the fortifying of the alliance between the United States with Armenia and also the training of the 12th Peacekeeping Brigade of the Armed Forces of Armenia for future peacekeeping missions.[87]
Peacekeeping operations
As of 2022, Armenia is involved in peacekeeping operations in Kosovo, Afghanistan, Lebanon, Mali and Kazakhstan[88]
Kosovo
There are 70 Armenian soldiers serving in Kosovo as peacekeepers.
Armenia joined the
Iraq
After the end of the
Afghanistan
Armenia deployed 130 soldiers in Afghanistan as part of the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF). They were serving under German command protecting an airport in Kunduz.[97]
Lebanon
In 2014, Armenia deployed 33 peacekeepers to Lebanon as part of UNIFIL.[98] They currently[when?] serve under the Italian contingent and fulfill headquarter security functions.[citation needed]
Mali
In 2015, one peacekeeper was dispatched to Mali on a monitoring-peacekeeping mission.[99]
Kazakhstan
In 2022, Armenia sent around 100 servicemen to Kazakhstan as part of the
References
- ^ "The World Factbook—Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
- ISBN 978-1-85743-557-3.
- ^ Blandy, C. W. "Azerbaijan: Is War Over Nagornyy Karabakh a Realistic Option? Archived 10 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine" Advanced Research and Assessment Group. Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Caucasus Series 08/17, 2008, p.16.
- ISBN 978-1-85743-437-8.
- ^ "Armenia sends military deminers and medics to support Russian mission in Syria | Eurasianet". eurasianet.org.
- ISBN 978-0-16-087361-4.
- ^ "Armenia signs arms contract with France amid boost in military ties". Radio France Internationale. 23 February 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ "Chinese, Armenian DMs hold talks". China Internet Information Center. 29 December 2008. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
- ^ "Armenia, China Sign Military Cooperation Agreement". Asbarez. 18 January 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
- ^ Июль 16, 2013 (22 February 1999). "Армения закупила противотанковые ракетные комплексы MILAN у Греции". AzeriToday.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Июль 16, 2013 (22 February 1999). "Армения закупила противотанковые ракетные комплексы MILAN у Греции". AzeriToday.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Armenia-Greece: historically strengthened friendly relations". armenpress.am.
- ^ Kucera, Joshua (8 August 2011). "Tajikistan Buying Guns; Ukraine Selling Weapons to Both Armenia and Azerbaijan". Eurasianet. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
- ^ "Борисоглебское высшее военное авиационное ордена Ленина Краснознаменное училище лётчиков им. В.П. Чкалова | bvvaul.ru". bvvaul.ru.
- ^ "Middle East:: Armenia – The world factbook—Central intelligence". 11 August 2020.
- ^ "DocumentView".
- ^ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (2004). "Refworld | Chronology for Russians in Azerbaijan". Refworld. Minorities at Risk Project. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
- ^ "Russia - Bilateral Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia (in Armenian). Retrieved 26 September 2023.
- ^ "Collective Security Treaty Organization". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia (in Armenian). Retrieved 26 September 2023.
- ^ "Armenia and Lebanon Sign 2016 Military Cooperation Plan—Armenian News By MassisPost". Massispost.com. 27 November 2015. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
- ^ Hovannisian. Armenia on the Road to Independence, pp. 197.
- ^ "THE EMERGING ARMY IN AZERBAIJAN by Patrick Gorman".
- ^ "Troops in Republics won't be withdrawn". Boca Raton News. Associated Press. 2 June 1992.
- ^ Holm/Feskov 2015, 7th Guards Combined Arms Army
- ^ Ministry of Defense of Armenia. General History of the Armenian Army Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 31 January 2006.
- ^ LLC, Ayb Solutions. "LEGEND OF THE SPECIAL REGIMENT". Hay Zinvor. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
- ^ a b hraparak (28 January 2015). "Հայկական բանակը 23 տարեկան է․ Պատմական ակնարկ". ՀՐԱՊԱՐԱԿ (in Armenian). Retrieved 27 March 2021.
- ^ ""Բանակն ուժեղ է, երբ թիկունքին զգում է իր երկրի, ժողովրդի, պետության շունչը, երբ զինվորն իր ոտքի տակ զգում է հայրենի հողի սրբությունը"". irates.am. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ "1994 թվականի մայիսի 12-ի զինադադարից հետո մենք ահագին առաջ ենք գնացել․ Աստվածատուր..." A1Plus (in Armenian). Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ "Հայաստանի Հանրապետությունը նշում է Զինված ուժերի կազմավորման 20ամյակը: ՖՈՏՈՇԱՐՔ". armenpress.am (in Armenian). Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ See for example http://www.mia.gov.az/index.php?/en/content/278/
- ^ Taylor and Francis, Europa World Yearbook 2004, p.554
- ^ "mil.am". Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
- ^ Jane's World Armies Armenia, 2008.
- ^ "Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's—IHS". Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ Robert Fairbanks, Public and private armies in the Caucasus, Sciences Po, November 2000
- ^ "Bordyuzha: Armenian army most efficient in post-soviet space". PanARMENIAN.Net. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "Armenian army among best in post-Soviet area, expert says". Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's—IHS". Retrieved 24 December 2014.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Buk system spotted during Armenia's Independence Day parade rehearsal". PanARMENIAN.Net. Retrieved 7 October 2016.
- ^ C. W. Blandy, Azerbaijan: Is War Over Nagornyy Karabakh a Realistic Option? Archived 10 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Advanced Research and Assessment Group, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Caucasus Series 08/17, 2008, p.16
- ^ DeRouen, Karl and Uk Heo (eds.) Civil Wars of the World: Major Conflicts since World War II. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2007, p. 151.
- ^ The Military Balance 2017, IISS, p. 199
- ^ Law of the Republic of Armenia "On Conscription"
- ^ "MD RA—Study Abroad". mil.am. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
- ^ "National Defense Research University opens in Yerevan". news.am. Archived from the original on 29 June 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
- ^ "MD RA—For Journalists". mil.am.
- ^ "MD RA - For Journalists". mil.am. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ^ "Legislation: National Assemly of RA". parliament.am. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ^ "Military Service in Armenia—ILex Law Firm Armenia". ilex.am. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ^ "Diaspora—Military Registration and Service". diaspora.gov.am. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ^ "MD RA—Military Enlistment office". mil.am. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ^ Alaverdyan, Alice (19 March 2020). "Ready to retaliate, and go further..." hayzinvor.am. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
- ^ "Arminfo: В Армении формируются добровольческие отряды". arminfo.info. Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
- ^ "Представитель отряда "Родина": "Аргишти Кярамян координировал процесс сдачи Азербайджану Шуши"" [Representative of the Rodina detachment: "Argishti Karamian coordinated the process of surrendering Shushi to Azerbaijan"]. ArmenianReport (in Russian). 15 January 2020. Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ Hovhannisyan, Samvel (16 January 2021). "Дуэль Ванецяна и Кярамяна—стреляют друг в друга, попадают в Армению" [Duel of Vanetsyan and Kyaramyan—shoot each other, end up in Armenia]. ArmenianReport (in Russian). Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ "More ARF Volunteers Head to Frontlines". Asbarez. 28 October 2020. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
- ^ "ՀՅԴ-ն կազմավորում է կամավորականների պահեստային գումարտակ | AraratNews". Archived from the original on 28 November 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
- ^ Technologies, Peyotto. ""ՀՅԴ պահեստազորային գումարտակը կատարելու է ԳՇ-ի առաջադրած խնդիրները". Արթուր Եղիազարյան". Retrieved 11 April 2021.
- ^ ""Մեծն Տիգրան" գունդը հավաքագրում է կամավորների". «Ազատ Եվրոպա/Ազատություն» ռադիոկայան (in Armenian). 26 June 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
- ^ a b c "The Artsakh War brought about Armenia's first all-women military unit". 16 November 2020.
- ^ "How I Became a Soldier". The Armenian Weekly. 28 November 2018. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
- ^ "Zhanna G. Galstyan". nankr.am. Retrieved 23 March 2021.
- ^ "Армения: Власти привлекают женщин к службе в армии | Eurasianet". russian.eurasianet.org. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
- ^ "Artsakh women participate in 1-week combat preparedness training at initiative of Armenian PM's wife". armenpress.am.
- ^ "Armenian Yazidis join fight against Azerbaijan in Nagorno-Karabakh". Al Arabiya English. 3 October 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ^ "More Yazidi volunteers heading for Artsakh to protect the common homeland". Public Radio of Armenia. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ^ "The Military Balance 2017". IISS: 199.
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help) - ^ Sadikyan, Armine (2016). "ON THE DEATH CIRCUMSTANCES OF SERVICEMEN PERISHED DURING THE HOSTILITIES OF APRIL 2016 AND THE STATE OF SOCIAL SECURITY OF THEIR FAMILIES" (PDF). Helsinki Citizens' Assembly Vanadzor office. p. 14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
- ^ "No Armenian Defense Official Held Responsible for Negligence During 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh Clashes". epress.am. 25 April 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
- ^ Gabrielian, Sisak (2 October 2017). "Yerevan Plans More Arms Acquisitions In 2018". «Ազատ Եվրոպա/Ազատություն» Ռադիոկայան. Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
- ^ a b c "Armenia, Russia Sign Arms Export Deal". Asbarez News. 17 December 2009. Archived from the original on 23 December 2009. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "Russian supply". Archived from the original on 2 December 2005. Retrieved 12 March 2006.
- ^ AzerNews Russia `donates` $800m arms to Armenia 14 January 2009
- ^ Ministry of Defence of Armenia, Official Web Site
- ^ Harutyunyan, Sargis (26 October 2010). "Armenia 'Unfazed' By Azerbaijan's Growing Military Spending". «Ազատ Եվրոպա/Ազատություն» ռադիոկայան. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "МИД России опроверг информацию о поставках Армении российского оружия на $800 млн". DAY.AZ. 21 January 2009. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "Embassy cables: Truth about Putin and Medvedev – over a bottle of vodka". The Guardian. December 2010. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ Harutyunyan, Sargis (3 June 2013). "Advanced Russian Missiles 'Deployed in Armenia'". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
- ^ eurasianhome.org Access date: 24 December 2014 (Archive date 27 February 2014)
- ^ [1] Archived 10 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "With Russian Prodding, CSTO Begins Taking Shape". The Faster Times. Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "French foreign minister pledges arms for Armenia in visit to Yerevan". euronews,com. euronews. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
- ^ Lithuanian Defense Minister Going To Armenia[dead link]
- ISBN 9780160821240.
- Kansas City Star. 27 November 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2012. Archived 30 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Armenia, U. S. Mission (15 September 2023). "Eagle Partner Exercise Builds Upon Longstanding U.S.-Armenian Security Cooperation". U.S. Embassy in Armenia. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
- ^ "DM: Armenian peacekeepers to take part in Mali mission". armenianow.com. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 13 May 2015.
- ^ "Armenia to deploy more soldiers to Kosovo". Archived from the original on 22 February 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2006.
- ^ "Armenia to double its peacekeepers' contingent in Kosovo". Archived from the original on 13 March 2012.
- ^ "Armenian peacekeepers withdrawn from Kosovo". armenpress.am. 21 February 2012. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "Embassy News 2012—Embassy of the United States Yerevan, Armenia". Archived from the original on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "Armenia's third contingent of peacekeepers now in Iraq". Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 12 March 2006.
- ^ "Armenian defense minister to visit Iraq as Armenia to extend the small troop presence". Associated Press. 13 November 2006. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 20 February 2007.
- ^ "ARMENIAN PEACEKEEPERS TO STAY AN EXTRA YEAR IN IRAQ". AZG Armenian Daily. 6 December 2005. Archived from the original on 18 March 2007. Retrieved 20 February 2007.
- ^ "Armenian troops pull out of Iraq: US military". Archived from the original on 5 December 2008.
- ^ "News—mediamax.am". mediamax.am. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "UNIFIL Troop-Contributing Countries". unmissions.org. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
- ^ "Armenian Armed Forces celebrate 28th anniversary of foundation". armenpress.am. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
- ^ "Armenia Sends 70 Soldiers to Kazakhstan as Part of CSTO Pecekeeping Force". Hetq.am. 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
- This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.
- This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.