Armenian Braille
Armenian Braille is either of two
unified international braille, with the same punctuation, except for the comma.[1]
However, Eastern and Western Armenian are assigned braille letters based on different criteria.[2] The conventions for Western Armenian were developed in Lebanon.
Eastern Armenian Braille
Eastern Armenian Braille | |
---|---|
Script type | alphabet
|
Print basis | Armenian alphabet |
Languages | Eastern Armenian |
Related scripts | |
Parent systems | Braille
|
In Eastern Armenian, braille cells are assigned international values based on the historical correspondences of the
Armenian script
. For this reason they closely match the Latin transliteration convention used in the table below.
Linear | Ա ա a |
Բ բ b |
Գ գ g |
Դ դ d |
Ե ե e |
Զ զ z |
Է է ē |
Ը ը ë |
Թ թ t’ |
Ժ ժ ž |
Ի ի i |
Լ լ l |
Խ խ x |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Braille | ⠁ | ⠃ | ⠛ | ⠙ | ⠚ | ⠮ | ⠑ | ⠌ | ⠜ | ⠾ | ⠊ | ⠇ | ⠹ |
Linear | Ծ ծ ç |
Կ կ k |
Հ հ h |
Ձ ձ j |
Ղ ղ ġ |
Ճ ճ č̣ |
Մ մ m |
Յ յ y |
Ն ն n |
Շ շ s |
Ո ո o |
Չ չ č |
Պ պ p |
Braille | ⠉ | ⠅ | ⠓ | ⠣ | ⠻ | ⠩ | ⠍ | ⠽ | ⠝ | ⠱ | ⠧ | ⠟ | ⠏ |
Linear | Ջ ջ ǰ |
Ռ ռ ṙ |
Ս ս s |
Վ վ v |
Տ տ t |
Ր ր r |
Ց ց c’ |
Ւ ւ w |
Փ փ p’ |
Ք ք k’ |
Եւ և ev |
Օ օ ò |
Ֆ ֆ f |
Braille | ⠭ | ⠷[3] | ⠎ | ⠺ | ⠞ | ⠗ | ⠵[4] | ⠥ | ⠯ | ⠬ | ⠡ | ⠕ | ⠋ |
Linear | , | ՞ |
---|---|---|
Braille | ⠒ | ⠢ |
Western Armenian Braille
This section is based on a single source which has proven to be unreliable. It needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations other than UNESCO (1990, 2013). (October 2013) |
Western Armenian Braille | |
---|---|
Script type | alphabet
|
Print basis | Armenian alphabet |
Languages | Western Armenian |
Related scripts | |
Parent systems | Braille
|
In Western Armenian, braille cells are assigned according to a pronunciation which diverges from the historical origin of the letters. Thus what are transliterated b g d in the table below are assigned braille values as p q th, while p t č̣ k are pronounced like English b d j g and have those braille assignments.
Linear | Ա ա a |
Բ բ b |
Գ գ g |
Դ դ d |
Ե ե e |
Զ զ z |
Է է ē |
Ը ը ë |
Թ թ t’ |
Ժ ժ ž |
Ի ի i |
Լ լ l |
Խ խ x |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Braille | ⠁ | ⠏ | ⠟ | ⠹ | ⠽ | ⠵ | ⠑ | ⠥ | ⠞ | ⠜ | ⠊ | ⠇ | ⠭ |
Linear | Ծ ծ ç |
Կ կ k |
Հ հ h |
Ձ ձ j |
Ղ ղ ġ |
Ճ ճ č̣ |
Մ մ m |
Յ յ y |
Ն ն n |
Շ շ s |
Ո ո o |
Չ չ č |
Պ պ p |
Braille | ⠌ | ⠛ | ⠓ | ⠬ | ⠣ | ⠚ | ⠍ | ⠱ | ⠝ | ⠩ | ⠪ | ⠡ | ⠃ |
Linear | Ջ ջ ǰ |
Ռ ռ ṙ |
Ս ս s |
Վ վ v |
Տ տ t |
Ր ր r |
Ց ց c’ |
Ւ ւ w |
Փ փ p’ |
Ք ք k’ |
Օ օ ò |
Ֆ ֆ f | |
Braille | ⠉ | ⠻ | ⠎ | ⠧ | ⠙ | ⠗ | ⠮ | ⠺ | ⠫ | ⠅ | ⠕ | ⠋ |
Linear | , | ՞ | ’ |
---|---|---|---|
Braille | ⠠ | ⠦ | ⠄ |
Եւ (և) is ⠯.[citation needed]
Common punctuation
This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2013) |
Apart from the comma and question mark above, Eastern and Western Braille use the same punctuation.
Linear | ՝ | ․ | ։ | ՜ | « » | ֊ | (cap) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Braille | ⠆ | ⠒[5] | ⠲ | ⠖ | ⠦⠀⠴ | ⠤ | ⠨ |
See also
- Moon type is a simplification of the Latin alphabet for embossing. An adaptation for Armenian-reading blind people has been proposed.
References
- ^ "International Meeting on Braille Uniformity" (PDF). UNESCO. Retrieved 2012-04-24.
- ^ Unesco (2013), World Braille Usage, 3rd ed.
- ^ UNESCO (1990/2013) mistakenly copies this as ⠗ r. It was corrected from the chart in the box at right.
- ^ The chart in the box at right mistakenly copies this as ⠽ y. It was corrected from UNESCO (1990/2013).
- ^ This is the same as the comma in Eastern Armenian, according to UNESCO 2013. This may be an error.