Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies

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Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies
Key people
Parent organization
Columbia University
Websitewww.siwps.org
Formerly called
Institute of War and Peace Studies

The Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies (SIWPS) is a research center that is part of

President of Columbia Dwight D. Eisenhower as the Institute of War and Peace Studies (IWPS) and was led for its first 25 years by Professor William T. R. Fox. It was given its current name in 2003. By its own description, the institute's researchers analyze "the political, military, historical, legal, economic, moral, psychological, and philosophical dimensions of international relations."[1]

History

President of Columbia Dwight D. Eisenhower had the original idea for the institute.

The impetus for the institute's formation came from

endowed chair, or as he phrased it a "Chair for Peace", but the idea was then expanded into a full institute.[4][5] In a March 1950 speech, Eisenhower said the purpose of the institute would be to "study war as a tragic social phenomenon – its origins, its conduct, its impact and particularly its disastrous consequences upon man's spiritual, intellectual, and material progress."[2] Eisenhower was also instrumental in raising money for the new entity,[2] making use of his fundraising prowess among his network of wealthy friends and acquaintances,[3] in particular Edward J. Bermingham and Clarence Dillon.[4] Eisenhower, who was taken with the idea enough to mention it in a 1950 letter to Winston Churchill,[3] regarded the creation of the institute as his "unique contribution" to the university during this time as president,[4] and when he stepped down from his position and gave a farewell speech to the university in January 1953, just days before being inaugurated as President of the United States, he listed the institute as one of his projects for which "my hopes are especially high."[6]

The Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies is located on the 13th floor of Columbia's International Affairs Building.

The creation of the institute was one of the first that took place in the aftermath of

international security studies, with the others that followed in that decade being the United States Army's research group in the mid-1950s that later became its Strategic Studies Institute, the programs in the 1950s that later became the Mershon Center for International Security Studies at the Ohio State University, the Department of War Studies at King's College London in the 1950s, and the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London in 1958.[7]

The initial director of the Institute of War and Peaces Studies was Professor

peace research" was not one of them, however, nor was the institute dedicated to pacifism.[5] Under the leadership of Fox, the institute became a viable operation;[3] John A. Krout, dean of the graduate faculty and one of Eisenhower's allies in university administration, said after ten years had gone by that the institute had "done a great deal of fine work".[4] One emphasis of the institute was in research, and by 1986 nearly 70 books had been published in connection with the institute.[5]

The central area of the Institute of War and Peace Studies, here seen in 1985, has featured an historical collection of war-recruitment and propaganda posters as part of its decor.

Fox would be director of the institute for 25 years.

Peter Clement served as interim director from 2022 to 2023,[17] after which Professor Page Fortna was named as director in 2023.[18]

Besides the directors, prominent scholars associated with the institute have included Samuel P. Huntington (who was associate director of the institute from 1959 to 1962),[19] Glenn Snyder, Roger Hilsman, Annette Baker Fox, Kenneth Waltz, Robert Jervis, Severine Autesserre, Kim Martern, and Stephen Biddle. The institute also helped foster the careers of several members who went on to high positions in government, including Michael Armacost, Joan E. Spero, Lynn E. Davis, Jean-Marie Guehenno, and Catherine McArdle Kelleher.[5] In terms of physical location of the institute, it started in brownstones on 117th Street, then during the 1960s moved twice on a temporary basis before settling into the new International Affairs Building on 118th Street in 1970.[5]

In 2003, the institute was renamed in honor of Arnold A. Saltzman, an industrialist and diplomat who graduated from Columbia College in 1936.[20] Administratively, the institute remained within the School of International and Public Affairs.[20] Two endowed chairs under the Saltzman name were also added at that time.[20] Saltzman said, "No bugles blow for peace – and peace is not simply the absence of war. There is no mechanism in our government to wage peace, to look beyond immediate crises and plan for a peaceful future. This Institute can help move us in that direction."[20]

Programs

The Institute of War and Peace Studies has never had a teaching program of its own; rather, instruction is carried out through the university's Department of Political Science and the School of International and Public Affairs.[1] The goal has been that members would engage in research, which would inform their teaching in other university departments and schools, and that teaching would likewise benefit the research in return.[5] The institute would become the only non-area-specializing one within the School of International Affairs (later the School of International and Public Affairs).[5]

Active programs at the institute during the 2010s and beyond have included the annual Saltzman Forum, the annual Summer Workshop on the Analysis of Military Operations and Strategy, the International Security Policy Concentration of the School of International and Public Affairs, the Saltzman Working Paper Series, the International Relations Faculty Seminar led by Professor

Center for International Conflict Resolution, and the Columbia Defense and Security Program.[21][22] Following the passing of Jervis in 2021, the seminar was renamed the University Seminar in International Relations and Contemporary Foreign Policy.[23]

References

  1. ^ a b "About Us". Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies. Archived from the original on June 20, 2018. Retrieved October 9, 2018.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Columbia Founds War-Peace Study" (PDF). The New York Times. December 10, 1951.
  3. ^ .
  4. ^ .
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Fox, Annette Baker (2001). "The Institute of War and Peace Studies: The First Thirty-Five Years" (PDF). Columbia University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2018-10-10.
  6. ^ "Eisenhower Bids Columbia Good-By" (PDF). The New York Times. January 11, 1953.
  7. .
  8. ^ Hanson, Elizabeth C. (Spring–Summer 1990). "William T.R. Fox and the study of world politics". Journal of International Affairs. 44 (1): 1–20.
  9. ^ Fowler, Glenn (October 25, 1988). "William T. R. Fox, 76, Professor". The New York Times.
  10. ^ "SIWPS Mourns the Passing of Former Director Warner R. Schilling". Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies. Archived from the original on December 1, 2013. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  11. ^ "David A. Baldwin". Department of Political Science, Columbia University. Retrieved October 9, 2018.
  12. ^ "Snyder, Jack 1951– |". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved November 10, 2018.
  13. ^ "Richard K. Betts". School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  14. Center for International Conflict Resolution. Archived from the original
    on December 10, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
  15. ^ "Saltzman Institute Welcomes Keren Yarhi-Milo as New Director". School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University. July 6, 2020.
  16. ^ "Keren Yarhi-Milo Appointed Dean of the School of International and Public Affairs". Columbia University. May 23, 2022.
  17. ^ "Peter Clement Will Serve as Interim Director of Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies". Columbia University. July 20, 2022.
  18. ^ "V. Page Fortna Is the New Director of Saltzman Institute". School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University. July 13, 2023.
  19. ^ Lewin, Tamar (December 28, 2008). "Samuel P. Huntington, 81, Political Scientist, Is Dead". The New York Times.
  20. ^ a b c d Moore, Katie (April 25, 2003). "Columbia's Institute of War and Peace Studies Named for Arnold A. Saltzman" (PDF). Columbia University Record. p. 7.
  21. ^ "Programs". Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies. Archived from the original on December 12, 2011. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  22. ^ "Activities". Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies. Retrieved May 20, 2022.
  23. ^ "University Seminar on International Relations and Contemporary Foreign Policy". Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies. Retrieved May 20, 2022.

External links

Media related to Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies at Wikimedia Commons