Greek art
Part of a series on the |
Culture of Greece |
---|
People |
Languages |
Mythology |
Cuisine |
Festivals |
Art |
Part of a series on the |
History of Greek art |
---|
Greek art began in the
Ancient period
Artistic production in Greece began in the prehistoric pre-Greek
There are three scholarly divisions of the stages of later ancient Greek art that correspond roughly with historical periods of the same names. These are the Archaic, the Classical and the Hellenistic. The Archaic period is usually dated from 1000 BC. The Persian Wars of 480 BC to 448 BC are usually taken as the dividing line between the Archaic and the Classical periods, and the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC is regarded as the event separating the Classical from the Hellenistic period. Of course, different forms of art developed at different speeds in different parts of the Greek world, and varied to a degree from artist to artist.[1] There was a sharp transition from one period to another.
The art of ancient Greece has exercised an enormous influence on the culture of many countries from ancient times until the present, particularly in the areas of sculpture and architecture. In the West, the art of the Roman Empire was largely derived from Greek models. In the East, Alexander the Great's conquests initiated several centuries of exchange between Greek, Central Asian and Indian cultures, resulting in Greco-Buddhist art, with ramifications as far as Japan. Following the Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high technical standards of Greek art inspired generations of European artists. Pottery was either blue with black designs or black with blue designs.
Byzantine period
Byzantine art is the term created for the
Byzantine art grew from the art of ancient Greece and, at least before 1453, never lost sight of its classical heritage, but was distinguished from it in a number of ways. The most profound of these was that the humanist ethic of ancient Greek art was replaced by the Christian ethic. If the purpose of classical art was the glorification of man, the purpose of Byzantine art was the glorification of God.
In place of the nude, the figures of God the Father, Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary and the saints and martyrs of Christian tradition were elevated and became the dominant - indeed almost exclusive - focus of Byzantine art. One of the most important forms of Byzantine art was, and still is, the Cretan school as the leading school of Greek post-Byzantine painting after Crete fell to the
Post-Byzantine and modern period
Cretan School describes the school of icon painting, also known as Post-Byzantine art, which flourished while Crete was under Venetian rule during the late Middle Ages, reaching its climax after the Fall of Constantinople, becoming the central force in Greek painting during the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. The Cretan artists developed a particular style of painting under the influence of both Eastern and Western artistic traditions and movements; the most famous product of the school, El Greco, was the most successful of the many artists who tried to build a career in Western Europe, and also the one who left the Byzantine style farthest behind him in his later career.
The Heptanese School of painting (Greek: Επτανησιακή Σχολή, lit. 'The School of the seven islands', also known as the Ionian Islands' School) succeeded the Cretan School as the leading school of Greek post-Byzantine painting after Crete fell to the Ottomans in 1669. Like the Cretan school it combined Byzantine traditions with an increasing Western European artistic influence, and also saw the first significant depiction of secular subjects. The school was based in the Ionian Islands, which were not part of Ottoman Greece, from the middle of the 17th century until the middle of the 19th century.[4]
Modern Greek art, after the establishment of the
Other notable painters of the era are
Major museums and galleries in Greece
Attica
- Acropolis Museum
- National Archaeological Museum, Athens
- National Gallery (Athens)
- Byzantine and Christian Museum
- National Museum of Contemporary Art, Athens
- Benaki Museum
- Goulandris Museum of Cycladic Art
- Stoa of Attalos
- Numismatic Museum of Athens
- Archaeological Museum of Piraeus
Thessaloniki
Crete
Corfu
Rest of Greece
- Archaeological Museum of Patras
- Archaeological Museum of Volos
- Archaeological Museum of Dion
- Archaeological Museum of Amphipolis
- Archaeological Museum of Pella
- Archaeological Museum of Veroia
- Archaeological Museum of Thasos
- Archaeological Museum of Delos
- Archaeological Museum of Rhodes
- Archaeological Museum of Epidaurus
- Archaeological Museum of Olympia
- Delphi Archaeological Museum
- Nea Moni of Chios
- Florina Museum of Modern Art
See also
References
- ^ Henri Stierlin. Greece: From Mycenae to the Parthenon. Taschen, 2004.
- ^ C. Mango, ed., The art of the Byzantine Empire, 312-1453: sources and documents (Inglewood Cliffs, 1972)
- ^ "Theodoros Stamos". Toomey-tourell.com. 2021-03-08. Retrieved 2021-03-19.
- ^ "archive.gr - Διαδρομές στην Νεοελληνική Τέχνη". Archived from the original on September 27, 2007.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2007-02-06.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)