Artabazos II
Artabazos II | |
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Relations | Pharnabazus II (father) |
Pharnacid dynasty (Satraps of Hellespontine Phrygia) | ||||||||||||||||||
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Artabazos II (in
Revolt of Datames
In 362 BC, Artabazos was sent by
Rebellion against Artaxerxes III
Following the capture and death of his brother, Artabazos was made satrap of
Artabazos was at first supported by Chares, an Athenian general, and his mercenaries, whom he rewarded very generously. The gold coinage of Artabazos is thought to have been issued specifically to reward the troops of Chares.[4] The Satrap of Mysia, Orontes I, was also on his side. Later, Artabazos was also supported by the Thebans, who sent him 5,000 men under Pammenes. With the assistance of these and other allies, Artabazos defeated the King in two great battles.
However, Artaxerxes III was later able to deprive Artabazos of his Athenian and Boeotian allies by counter-bribing them, whereupon Artabazos was defeated by the king's general, Autophradates, and was taken prisoner. Mentor and Memnon, two brothers-in-law of Artabazos, who had supported him, still continued the revolt, as they were aided by the Athenian mercenary leader, Charidemus. Together they were able to free Artabazos.
Exile in Macedonia at the court of Philip II (352–342 BC)
After this, Artabazos seems either to have continued his rebellious operations or at least started a fresh revolt. However, eventually, he had no choice but to flee with Memnon and his family. They went into exile and took refuge at the court of Philip II of Macedonia in Pella, together with their 11 sons and 10 daughters.[5] Artabazos, who was 37, and his family were exiled at the court of Philip II for about ten years, from 352 to 342, and during that time Artabazos became acquainted with the future Alexander the Great.[6][7] Barsine, daughter of Artabazos, and future wife of Alexander, grew up at the Macedonian court.[7]
Return to Persia
During the absence of Artabazos, Mentor of Rhodes, his brother-in-law, was of great service to the king of Persia in his war against Nectanebo II of Egypt. After the close of this war, in the summer of 342 BC, Artaxerxes gave Mentor the command against the rebellious satraps of western Asia. Mentor took advantage of this opportunity to ask the king to grant a pardon to Artabazos and Memnon. The king agreed and both men and their families were able to return to Persia.[8]
In the subsequent reign of
Hellenistic satrap of Bactria
After the final defeat and death of Darius III in 330 BC, Alexander recognised and rewarded Artabazos for his loyalty to the Persian king by giving him the satrapy of Bactria, a post he held until his death in 328 BC.[9]
Family
Artabazos' daughter,
For Barsine, the daughter of Artabazus, who was the first lady Alexander took to his bed in Asia, and who brought him a son named Heracles, had two sisters; one of which, called Apame, he gave to Ptolemy; and the other, called Artonis, he gave to Eumenes, at the time when he was selecting Persian ladies as wives for his friends.
— Plutarch, The Life of Eumenes.[10]
In 328 BC, Artabazos resigned his satrapy, which was given to Cleitus the Black.[11][12]
Artabazos also had a son named
Notes
- ISBN 9780806132129.
- ^ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca, xv. 91
- ISBN 1-85532-250-1.
- ^ CNG: MYSIA, Lampsakos. Artabazos. Satrap of Daskylion, circa 356 BC. AV Stater (16mm, 8.44 g, 4h).
- ISBN 9781405154697.
- ISBN 9789004284739.
- ^ ISBN 9780806132129.
- ^ Diodorus, xvi. 22, 34, 52; Demosthenes, Speeches, "Against Aristocrates", 154, 155, 157, 159, 163
- ISBN 9781136831256.
- ^ Plutarch: Life of Eumenes - translation.
- Anabasis Alexandri, iii. 23, 29, vii. 4; Curtius Rufus, Historiae Alexandri Magni, iii. 13, v. 9, 12, vi. 5, vii. 3, 5, viii. 1
- ISBN 9789004217553.
References
- Smith, William (editor); Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, "Artabazus (4)" Archived 2005-11-09 at the Wayback Machine, Boston, (1867)
- Corso, Antonio. The Statue of Apollo Smintheus by Scopas and the Monumental Policy of the Satrap Artabazos. Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art: Collection of articles. Vol. 9. Ed: A. V. Zakharova, S. V. Maltseva, E. Iu. Staniukovich-Denisova. Lomonosov Moscow State University / St. Petersburg, NP-Print, 2019, pp. 75–79. ISSN 2312-2129.
External links
- Livius, Artabazus (2) Archived 2013-06-08 at the Wayback Machine by Jona Lendering