Artah
Artah (
Roman road from Antioch to Aleppo
.
History
After the loss of Syria to the Arabs during the 7th century, the
emirate of Aleppo.[5][3] The town was conquered on 1 July 1068 by Aleppan forces, resulting in a massacre of the local population that had fled for safety to the town and indicating the weakening Byzantine defences in the region.[3] The city was then shortly reconquered by Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes in December 1068[4] but by the time the army of the First Crusade reached it in October 1097, it was in the hand of local Turkmen rulers and was one of the keys to the success in the Crusaders' siege of Antioch
.
Armenian Christian population that had defeated the Islamic garrison housed there and supplied the crusaders with food. The town was then briefly besieged by a force from Antioch but this force retreated upon arrival of the main crusader forces. After this, the crusaders moved via the Iron Bridge to Antioch and the town was most likely left to its inhabitants.[8]
After the capture of Antioch,
Eastern Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch, John IV, due to his connection to the Byzantine Empire, with the newly appointed bishop of Artah, Bernard of Valence.[10]
Two other major battles occurred at Artah during the Crusades. The first
Nur ad-Din Zangi
.
References
- Citations
- ISBN 9780199204861.
- ISBN 9781904597797.
- ^ a b c d Beihammer 2017, p. 121.
- ^ a b Beihammer 2017, p. 141.
- ^ Oltean, Daniel (2022). "From the Monastery of the Theotokos tou Roudiou to Simanaklay?: Greek and Armenian monks in a Changing World". Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 76: 101–116.
- ^ Asbridge 2000, p. 24-25.
- ^ Asbridge 2000, p. 24.
- ^ Asbridge 2000, p. 25.
- ^ Asbridge 2000, p. 46.
- ^ Asbridge 2000, p. 196.
- ^ Asbridge 2000, p. 57.
- Sources
- Asbridge, Thomas S. (2000). The Creation of the Principality of Antioch, 1098-1130. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. ISBN 0851156614. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
- Beihammer, Alexander Daniel (2017). Byzantium and the Emergence of Muslim-Turkish Anatolia, Ca. 1040-1130 Volumen 20 de Birmingham Byzantine and Ottoman Studies. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781351983860.
- Runciman, Steven, A History of the Crusades, Volume I: The First Crusade and the Foundation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1951