Artemin
| ARTN | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Gene ontology | |||
| Molecular function | |||
| Cellular component | |||
| Biological process | |||
| Sources:Amigo / QuickGO | |||
Ensembl | |||||||||
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| UniProt | |||||||||
| RefSeq (mRNA) | |||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | |||||||||
| Location (UCSC) | Chr 1: 43.93 – 43.94 Mb | Chr 4: 117.78 – 117.79 Mb | |||||||
| PubMed search | [3] | [4] | |||||||
| View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
Artemin, also known as enovin or neublastin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARTN gene.[5][6]
Function
Artemin is a
TGF-beta superfamily of signaling molecules. GDNFs are unique in having neurotrophic properties and have potential use for gene therapy in neurodegenerative disease. Artemin has been shown in culture to support the survival of a number of peripheral neuron populations and at least one population of dopaminergic CNS neurons. Its role in the PNS and CNS is further substantiated by its expression pattern in the proximity of these neurons. This protein is a ligand for the RET receptor and uses GFR-alpha 3 as a coreceptor.[5]
Role in Axonal Development
Artemin, along with other
sympathetic neurons during development. However, during target innervation, sympathetic neurons become dependent on neural growth factor for survival support.[9]
Unlike other secreted guidance cues during development, artemin acts solely as a
chemorepellent.[10] Artemin is expressed in smooth muscle cells and secreted along blood vessels and in cells near sympathetic axonal projections so that the sympathetic axons can reach their target tissue cells. [10]
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000117407 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028539 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: artemin".
- S2CID 18633359.
- S2CID 31594656.
- PMID 11585795.
- S2CID 2480120.
- ^ S2CID 8104679.
Further reading
- Rosenblad C, Grønborg M, Hansen C, Blom N, Meyer M, Johansen J, et al. (February 2000). "In vivo protection of nigral dopamine neurons by lentiviral gene transfer of the novel GDNF-family member neublastin/artemin". Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences. 15 (2): 199–214. S2CID 1378559.
- Zhu DL, Luo DL, Luo G, Wang B, Gao JM (March 2009). "[Artemin and GFRalpha3 expressions and their relevance to perineural invasiveness and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma]". Nan Fang Yi Ke da Xue Xue Bao = Journal of Southern Medical University. 29 (3): 428–32. PMID 19304517.
- Silvian L, Jin P, Carmillo P, Boriack-Sjodin PA, Pelletier C, Rushe M, et al. (June 2006). "Artemin crystal structure reveals insights into heparan sulfate binding". Biochemistry. 45 (22): 6801–12. PMID 16734417.
- Pandey V, Qian PX, Kang J, Perry JK, Mitchell MD, Yin Z, et al. (March 2010). "Artemin stimulates oncogenicity and invasiveness of human endometrial carcinoma cells". Endocrinology. 151 (3): 909–20. PMID 20118197.
- Masure S, Geerts H, Cik M, Hoefnagel E, Van Den Kieboom G, Tuytelaars A, et al. (December 1999). "Enovin, a member of the glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family with growth promoting activity on neuronal cells. Existence and tissue-specific expression of different splice variants". European Journal of Biochemistry. 266 (3): 892–902. PMID 10583383.
- Fernandez RM, Ruiz-Ferrer M, Lopez-Alonso M, Antiñolo G, Borrego S (November 2008). "Polymorphisms in the genes encoding the 4 RET ligands, GDNF, NTN, ARTN, PSPN, and susceptibility to Hirschsprung disease". Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 43 (11): 2042–7. PMID 18970938.
- Ceyhan GO, Schäfer KH, Kerscher AG, Rauch U, Demir IE, Kadihasanoglu M, et al. (May 2010). "Nerve growth factor and artemin are paracrine mediators of pancreatic neuropathy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma". Annals of Surgery. 251 (5): 923–31. S2CID 6581279.
- Kang J, Perry JK, Pandey V, Fielder GC, Mei B, Qian PX, et al. (May 2009). "Artemin is oncogenic for human mammary carcinoma cells". Oncogene. 28 (19): 2034–45. PMID 19363524.
- Wang X, Baloh RH, Milbrandt J, Garcia KC (June 2006). "Structure of artemin complexed with its receptor GFRalpha3: convergent recognition of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors". Structure. 14 (6): 1083–92. PMID 16765900.
- Quartu M, Serra MP, Manca A, Mascia F, Follesa P, Del Fiacco M (April 2005). "Neurturin, persephin, and artemin in the human pre- and full-term newborn and adult hippocampus and fascia dentata". Brain Research. 1041 (2): 157–66. S2CID 35298612.
- Otsuki K, Uchida S, Watanuki T, Wakabayashi Y, Fujimoto M, Matsubara T, et al. (October 2008). "Altered expression of neurotrophic factors in patients with major depression". Journal of Psychiatric Research. 42 (14): 1145–53. PMID 18313696.
- Naveilhan P, Baudet C, Mikaels A, Shen L, Westphal H, Ernfors P (February 1998). "Expression and regulation of GFRalpha3, a glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 95 (3): 1295–300. PMID 9448325.
External links
- artemin+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Human ARTN genome location and ARTN gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- Human NBN genome location and NBN gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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