Ash Carter
Ash Carter | |
---|---|
Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics | |
In office April 27, 2009 – October 5, 2011 | |
President | Barack Obama |
Preceded by | John J. Young Jr. |
Succeeded by | Frank Kendall III |
Assistant Secretary of Defense for Global Strategic Affairs | |
In office June 30, 1993 – September 14, 1996 | |
President | Bill Clinton |
Preceded by | Stephen Hadley |
Succeeded by | Jack Dyer Crouch II (2001) |
Personal details | |
Born | Ashton Baldwin Carter September 24, 1954 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
Died | October 24, 2022 Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. | (aged 68)
Political party | Democratic[1] |
Spouses |
|
Relations | Cynthia DeFelice (sister) |
Children | 2 |
Education | |
Signature | |
Academic background | |
Thesis | Hard processes in perturbative QCD (1979) |
Doctoral advisor | Christopher Llewellyn Smith |
Ashton Baldwin Carter (September 24, 1954 – October 24, 2022) was an American government official and academic who served as the 25th
Carter began his career as a
During
For his service to national security, Carter had on five occasions been awarded the DOD
Early life
Ashton Baldwin Carter was born on September 24, 1954, in
He has three siblings, including children's book author Cynthia DeFelice. As a child he was nicknamed Ash and Stoobie.[10][9]
Carter was raised in Abington, Pennsylvania, on Wheatsheaf Lane.[11] At age eleven, working at his first job at a Philadelphia car wash, he was fired for "wise-mouthing the owner."[12][13]
Education
Carter was educated at Highland Elementary School (class of 1966) and at Abington Senior High School (class of 1972) in Abington. In high school, he was a wrestler, lacrosse player, cross-country runner, and president of the Honor Society.[11][14] He was inducted into Abington Senior High School's Hall of Fame in 1989.[15]
Carter attended the
Carter then became a Rhodes Scholar and studied at the University of Oxford. He received his Doctor of Philosophy in theoretical physics on Hard processes in perturbative QCD in 1979 and was supervised by Christopher Llewellyn Smith.[13][19] He was a member of St John's College, Oxford.[20]
Carter was subsequently a postdoctoral fellow research associate in theoretical physics at
Carter was then a research fellow at the MIT Center for International Studies from 1982 to 1984, during which time he wrote a public report assessing that the Reagan-proposed "Star Wars" initiative could not protect the U.S. from a Soviet nuclear attack.[18][21][22]
Academic career
Carter taught at
Early Department of Defense career
From 1993 to 1996, Carter served as
From April 2009 to October 2011, Carter was
In an April 4, 2013, speech, he affirmed that the 'Shift to Asia' initiative of President Obama was a priority that would not be affected by the
Secretary of Defense
Carter was nominated by President Barack Obama to be the 25th United States secretary of defense on December 5, 2014.[36][37]
In his nomination hearing before the Senate Armed Services Committee, he said he was "very much inclined" to increase U.S. military aid to Ukraine.[38] Speaking on the Middle East, he said the U.S. must militarily ensure a "lasting defeat" of
Carter was approved unanimously on February 1, 2015, by the Senate Armed Services Committee. He was confirmed by the Senate on February 12 by a vote of 93–5[37][41] and sworn in by Vice President Joe Biden on February 17.[42]
In May 2015, Carter warned the People's Republic of China to halt its rapid island-building in the South China Sea.[43]
In October 2015, Carter condemned Russian air strikes against ISIL and other rebel groups in
A controversy arose in December 2015 when it was revealed that Carter had used a personal email account while conducting official business as Secretary of Defense.[45]
In January 2016, at Carter's direction, the Department of Defense opened all military roles to women, overriding a request by the Marine Corps to continue to exempt women from certain positions.[46] In June 2016, Carter announced that transgender individuals would be allowed to join and openly serve in the military.[47]
Other roles
From 1990 to 1993, Carter was chairman of the editorial board of
In 1997, Carter and former CIA director
Carter had been a longtime member of the Defense Science Board and the Defense Policy Board, the principal advisory bodies to the Secretary of Defense. During the Bush administration, he was also a member of Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice's International Security Advisory Board; co-chair of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee's Policy Advisory Group; a consultant to the Defense Science Board; a member of the National Missile Defense White Team, and a member of the National Academy of Sciences Committee on International Security and Arms Control. He had testified frequently before the armed services, foreign relations, and homeland security committees of both houses of Congress.[48]
In addition to his public service, Carter was a senior partner at Global Technology Partners, focused on advising investment firms in technology and defense. He was a consultant to
He was also a member of the boards of directors of the
Carter served as an honorary director on the board of directors at the Atlantic Council.[54] In April 2021, Carter joined Tanium Board of Directors.[55] From 2021, he had been a member of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST).[56] In 2021, Carter joined Shield Capital's board of Strategic Advisors.[57]
-
Carter at the demilitarized zone separating North and South Korea
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Carter, William Perry and former secretary of state George Shultz, October 12, 2012
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Carter meeting Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Israel, July 21, 2015
Positions
Views on Iran
Carter's views on
Support for military interventions
Carter was a supporter of the
Military involvement in presidential elections
In January 2021, Carter, alongside all of the other living former secretaries of defense, published a Washington Post op-ed piece opposing President Donald Trump's summons for military involvement in overturning the 2020 election results, and urging for a peaceful transition of power. [64]
Personal life
Carter was married to Stephanie DeLeeuw Carter.[2] He had been previously married to Clayton Spencer, the eighth president of Bates College, with whom he had two children, Ava and Will.[65]
Carter died from a
Awards
Carter received the
Works
In addition to authoring numerous articles, scientific publications, government studies, and Congressional testimonies, Carter co-edited and co-authored 11 books:
- MX Missile Basing (1981)[69]
- Ballistic Missile Defense (1984)[70]
- Directed Energy Missile Defense in Space (1984)[71]
- Managing Nuclear Operations (1987)[72]
- Soviet Nuclear Fission: Control of the Nuclear Arsenal in a Disintegrating Soviet Union (1991)[73]
- Beyond Spinoff: Military and Commercial Technologies in a Changing World. ISBN 978-0875843186.
- A New Concept of Cooperative Security. ISBN 978-0815781455.
- Cooperative Denuclearization: From Pledges to Deeds. Harvard University Press. 1993.
- Preventive Defense: A New Security Strategy for America. ISBN 978-0815713081.
- Keeping the Edge: Managing Defense for the Future. ISBN 978-0262032902.
- Inside the Five-Sided Box: Lessons from a Lifetime of Leadership in the Pentagon. ISBN 978-1524743918.
References
- ^ Cooper, Helene; Sanger, David E.; Landler, Mark (December 5, 2014). "In Ashton Carter, Nominee for Defense Secretary, a Change in Direction". The New York Times. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
Mr. Carter is a Democrat but not one of the core Obama loyalists, a group that includes Ms. Rice and Denis R. McDonough, the White House chief of staff.
- ^ a b c "Ashton Carter Fast Facts". CNN. December 11, 2014.
- ^ "Ash Carter | Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs". Belfer Center. December 18, 2018. Retrieved December 19, 2018.
- ^ Carter, Ash (2006). "Faculty Career Profile". Belfer Center.
- ^ "Ashton B. Carter – Barack Obama Administration". Office of the Secretary of Defense – Historical Office.
- ^ "Carter Opens All Military Occupations, Positions to Women". U.S. Department of Defense. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
- ^ "Ashton Carter – Foreign Policy Research Institute". www.fpri.org.
- ^ Herb Drill (August 14, 1994). "Obituaries". Philadelphia Daily News. Retrieved December 8, 2014.
- ^ a b "About Cynthia – Cynthia DeFelice". cynthiadefelice.com.
- ^ Sally Jacobs. "Ashton Carter: savvy tactician, independent thinker". Boston Globe.
- ^ a b "Abington recalls 'brilliant' alum said in line to lead Pentagon". Philadelphia Daily News.
- ^ "Everything You Need to Know About Ashton Carter". wlsam.com. Archived from the original on February 13, 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Faculty Career Profile; Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University; Ashton B. Carter". Belfer Center. Archived from the original on April 16, 2016. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
- ^ "Board of Commissioners Meeting" (PDF). December 11, 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 14, 2015. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
- ^ "Abington Graduate Ashton Carter Could Be Next Secretary Of Defense". FOX 29 News Philadelphia – WTXF-TV. December 3, 2014. Archived from the original on February 13, 2015.
- ^ a b Devin Dwyer. "Why Obama's New Defense Nominee Ashton Carter Likes 'Charmed Quarks'". ABC News.
- ^ Steve Straehley. "Appointments and Resignations – Secretary of Defense: Who Is Ashton Carter?". AllGov.
- ^ a b c d e "Ashton B. Carter CV" (PDF). Belfer Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 17, 2010. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
- ^ Carter, Ashton B. (1979). Hard processes in perturbative QCD (Thesis).
- ^ "Rhodes Scholar Database". Rhodes House. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
- ^ a b Byron Tau (December 2, 2014). "Who Is Ashton Carter? A Look at Obama's Leading Defense Secretary Candidate". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ a b "Ashton B. Carter Resume" (PDF). Belfer Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 11, 2017. Retrieved August 29, 2019.
- )
- .
- .
- ^ a b "Ashton B. Carter". Belfer Center.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Ashton B. Carter; Secretary of Defense". United States Department of Defense.
- ^ a b c "Kim's Nuclear Gamble: Interview: Ashton Carter". Frontline. PBS. March 3, 2003. Retrieved June 9, 2009.
- ISBN 1850437653.
- JSTOR 20034068. Retrieved December 2, 2014.
- ^ a b "Ashton B. Carter; Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology & Logistics" Archived December 31, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, US House of Representatives Committee on Appropriations
- ^ "Defense.gov Transcript: Remarks by Deputy Secretary Carter on the U.S.-India Defense Partnership at the Center for American Progress". United States Department of Defense. September 30, 2013.
- ^ "Senate Armed Services Committee". Retrieved July 7, 2016.
- ^ "Video: Statesmen's Forum: The Honorable Ashton B. Carter, Deputy Secretary of Defense". Center for Strategic and International Studies. April 9, 2013. Archived from the original on December 10, 2014. Retrieved December 2, 2014.
- ^ ""Improving WMD Intelligence," Ashton B. Carter". Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs.
- ^ "Obama picks former Pentagon official Ashton Carter to be defense secretary". Fox News Channel. December 5, 2014. Retrieved December 5, 2014.
- ^ a b Craig Whitlock (February 12, 2015). "Senate confirms Ashton B. Carter as secretary of defense". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
- ^ a b Dion Nissenbaum (February 4, 2015). "U.S. Defense Nominee Leans Toward Arms for Ukraine in Fight". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ a b W. J. Hennigan (February 12, 2015). "Senate confirms Ashton Carter as new secretary of Defense". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ David Lerman (February 12, 2015). "Senate Confirms Ashton Carter as Obama's Fourth Pentagon Chief". Bloomberg.
- ^ Emmarie Huetteman (February 12, 2015). "Ashton B. Carter Is Confirmed as Defense Chief, Replacing Chuck Hagel". The New York Times.
- ^ Bill Chappell (February 17, 2015). "Ashton Carter Is Sworn In As Obama's 4th Defense Secretary". NPR.
- ^ "Defense secretary's warning to China: U.S. military won't change operations Archived October 30, 2018, at the Wayback Machine". The Washington Post. May 27, 2015.
- ^ "Russia will pay price for Syrian airstrikes, says US defence secretary". The Guardian. October 8, 2015.
- ^ "Defense Secretary Conducted Some Official Business on a Personal Email Account". The New York Times. December 16, 2015.
- ^ Cheryl Pellerin (December 3, 2015). "Carter Opens All Military Occupations, Positions to Women". Department of Defense.
- ^ "Secretary of Defense Ash Carter Announces Policy for Transgender Service Members". Department of Defense. June 30, 2016.
- ^ a b c "Fact Sheet: Ash Carter, Nominee for Secretary of Defense" (PDF). United States Senate. Democratic Polity & Communication Center. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
- ^ Carter, Ashton B.; Deutch, John; Zelikow, Philip (November 1, 1998). "Catastrophic Terrorism: Tackling the New Danger". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
- ^ "Harvard Kennedy School's Ashton Carter Nominated as Pentagon's Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics". Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs.
- ^ "Biography of The Honorable Ashton Carter". Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics. Archived from the original on December 8, 2014. Retrieved December 8, 2014.
- ^ a b "Ash Carter: Bio" (PDF). Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
- ^ "GE Nominates Ashton Carter to the Board of Directors | GE News". www.ge.com. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
- ^ "Board of Directors". Atlantic Council. Retrieved February 12, 2020.
- ^ "Former U.S. Secretary of Defense Ash Carter Joins Tanium Board of Directors". Tanium. April 21, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
- ^ "President Biden Announces Members of President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology". whitehouse.gov. September 22, 2021. Retrieved August 27, 2022.
- ^ "Senior Advisor". Shield Capital. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
- ^ a b Stoil, Rebecca Shimoni (December 5, 2014). "Obama names Ashton Carter as next defense secretary". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on February 15, 2015.
- ^ Crowley, Michael (December 2, 2014). "Can a wonk run a war?; Ash Carter is a scholar, a bureaucrat — and the opposite of Chuck Hagel". Politico. Retrieved December 5, 2014.
- ^ "If Necessary, Strike and Destroy Archived August 27, 2017, at the Wayback Machine". The Washington Post. June 22, 2006
- ^ "Interview: Ashton Carter Archived March 29, 2009, at the Wayback Machine". PBS. March 3, 2003.
- ^ "Another victory for Bush Archived December 11, 2015, at the Wayback Machine". The Baltimore Sun. December 24, 2003
- ^ "US could potential deploy missiles in Europe to deter Russia Archived June 5, 2015, at the Wayback Machine". Deutsche Welle. June 5, 2015.
- ^ "All 10 living former defense secretaries: Involving the military in election disputes would cross into dangerous territory". Washington Post. January 3, 2021. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
- ^ "Atlantic Council Board Member Ashton Carter Opens Testimony to the Senate". Atlantic Council. February 4, 2015.
- ^ de Vries, Karl (October 25, 2022). "Ash Carter, former defense secretary under Obama, dies at 68". CNN. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
- ^ Risen, Clay (October 26, 2022). "Ashton B. Carter, 68, Who Made the Military More Inclusive, Is Dead". The New York Times. p. A23. Retrieved October 27, 2022.
- ^ "Ten Outstanding Young Americans". Archived from the original on February 19, 2015. Retrieved February 19, 2015.
- ^ "MX Missile Basing" (PDF). Retrieved October 25, 2022.
- ^ "Ballistic Missile Defense | Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs". Belfercenter.org. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
- ^ "Directed Energy Missile Defense in Space | Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs". Belfercenter.org. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
- ^ "Managing Nuclear Operations | Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs". Belfercenter.org. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
- ^ "Soviet Nuclear Fission: Control of the Nuclear Arsenal in a Disintegrating Soviet Union | Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs". Belfercenter.org. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
External links
- Preventive Defense Project Archived June 15, 2017, at the Wayback Machine
- Ashton B. Carter expert profile at the Belfer Center of Harvard University
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Collected columns at Foreign Affairs magazine
- Department of Defense biography