Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians
Komuniteti Ashkali dhe Komuniteti i Egjiptianëve të Ballkanit | |
---|---|
Regions with significant populations | |
Kosovo | 26,960[1][a] |
North Macedonia | 3,713[2][b] |
Albania | 3,368[3][b] |
Serbia | 2,831[4][5][c] |
Montenegro | 2,054[6][b] |
Croatia | 172[7] |
Languages | |
Albanian | |
Religion | |
Cultural Muslims[8] |
The Ashkali (
History of the Balkan Egyptians
The origins of the Balkan Egyptians are obscure, but some Balkan historians trace the origin of Balkan Egyptians to the
A 14th-century reference to a placename (Агѹповы клѣти, Agupovy klěti) in the
In 1990, an Egyptian association was formed in Ohrid, from which sprung the Egyptian Liberal Party of North Macedonia, which was attended by representatives from different Balkan countries.[20]
History of Ashkali
The origin of the Ashkali remains scientifically unexplained. The Ashkali community leaders have constructed a few narratives. According to the Persian narrative, the Ashkali people originated in Persia in the 4th century. According to the Italian narrative, which is based on folk etymology, they are colonists from ancient Rome. According to the Semitic narrative, they originated in Ashkelon (now Israel).[21]
The Ashkali were aligned with Albanians before, during and after the
The first Ashkali party (Democratic Ashkali Party of Kosovo) was formed in 2000 under Sabit Rrahmani, who supported Kosovo's independence in the name of all Ashkali.[11]
Demographics
Most Ashkali live in Kosovo, but they also reside in Serbia and Montenegro, while most Balkan Egyptians are thought to live in North Macedonia and Albania, rather than Kosovo. In the Macedonian census of 2002, 3,713 people identified as Egyptian, while in the Serbian census of 2002 (excluding Kosovo), 814 people identified as Egyptian. In the Montenegrin census, on the other hand, 225 people identified as Egyptian.
Ashkali are predominant in the central and eastern regions of Kosovo:
In Albania, however, the Balkan Egyptian community is fully integrated into Albanian society and culture, having a high educational and employment rate as well, although a good percentage of the community do not identify as Balkan Egyptian due to cultural integration and also because of negative stereotypes about people of color. Despite the fact that most Balkan Egyptians in Albania tend to have typical Mediterranean features, fair skin and light features are not uncommon.
Culture
In Kosovo, Roma and Ashkali do not classify one another as
See also
- Albanians in Egypt
- Copts
- Democratic Ashkali Party of Kosovo
- Egyptian Liberal Party
- Romani people in Kosovo
Notes
References
- ^ "Population - by gender ethnicity at settlement level" (PDF). p. 11. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- ^ Statistički godišnik na Republika Makedonija (in Macedonian). 2007. p. 55. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- ^ "1.1.13 Popullsia banuese sipas përkatësisë etnike dhe kulturore sipas Përkatësia etnike dhe kulturore, Variabla dhe Viti" (xls). INSTAT - Instituti i Statistikave (in Albanian). Retrieved 30 July 2019.
- ^ "Попис становништва, домаћинстава и станова 2011. у Републици Србији" (PDF) (in Serbian). Statistics of Serbia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- ^ "Third Report Submitted by Serbia Pursuant to Article 25, Paragraph 2 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities". Council of Europe. pp. 14–15. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- ^ "STATISTIČKI GODIŠNJAK 2011" (PDF). Statistics of Montenegro: 46. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
{{cite journal}}
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(help) - ^ "Population by ethnicity – detailed classification, 2011 Census". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. December 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
- ^ ISSN 1877-1432.
- ^ "Minority political representation: Roma, Ashkali and Egyptians". 19 April 2017.
- ^ "StackPath". 12 March 2018.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-932716-33-7.
- ^ [FXB-Kosovo-Report-July-2014.pdf (harvard.edu) "Post-war Kosovo and its policies towards the Roma, Ashkali, and Egyptian communities"]. Harvard: School of Public Health. July 2014.
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value (help) - ^ S2CID 143787353.
- ^ "Cult Of Isis in Ancient Rome | UNRV.com Roman History". Unrv.com. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
- ^ Zemon, Rubin. "History of the Balkan Egyptians" (PDF).
- ^ "Roma of Albania" (PDF). Center for Documentation and Information on Minorities in Europe - Southeast Europe (CEDIME-SE). Retrieved 9 April 2023.
- S2CID 242216553.
- ^ Даскалова, Ангелина; Мария Райкова (2005). Грамоти на българските царе (in Bulgarian). София: Академично издателство "Марин Дринов". p. 57.
- S2CID 155028453.
- ^ Rubin Zemon. "History of the Balkan Egyptians" (PDF). coe.int. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
- ^ Zemon, Rubin (April 2010). "History of Ashkali identity". In Ailincai, Aurora (ed.). Balkan Egyptians and Ashkali history. Council of Europe – via ResearchGate.
- ^ a b c "Notes made from the Ashkali and Egyptian communities for the shadow report on the Implementation of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities in Kosovo" (PDF). Minelres.lv. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
- ^ "Ashkali". Archived from the original on 9 January 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- ^ "Bildungsprojekt in Kosovo - "Diese Kinder Roma zu nennen, das wäre verletzend"". Deutschlandfunk. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
- ^ Novik, Alexander (1 January 2020). "The Rite of Male Circumcision among the Muslim Population in the Western Balkans". Retrieved 9 April 2023 – via www.academia.edu.
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Footnotes
a. |
Cited works
- Dragan Novaković, Potomci faraona u Srbiji, DT Magazin, 4. April 1998.
- Marushiakova, Elena; Heuss, Herbert; Boev, Ivan; Rychlik, Jan; Ragaru, Nadege; Zemon, Rubin; Popov, Vesselin; Friedman, Victor (2001). Identity Formation among Minorities in the Balkans: The cases of Roms, Egyptians and Ashkali in Kosovo (PDF). Sofia: Minority Studies Society, Studii Romani.
External links
- Gypsy Blood: The Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian IDPs of Mitrovica, Kosovo, 2005, archived from the original on 22 December 2021
- TV Debate with Ashkali and Egyptian Community Members (in Albanian), ECMI Kosovo (Youtube channel), 12 February 2013, archived from the original on 22 December 2021
- NEW ETHNIC IDENTITIES IN THE BALKANS: THE CASE OF THE EGYPTIANS
- Differences of prejudices and collective blames toward to the Balkan’s Egyptians
- Egjiptianëve Kosovarë
- Union of Balkan's Egyptians
- The New Democratic Initiative of Kosovo (Iniciativa e re Demokrarike e Kosovës)
- New Democratic Initiative of Kosovo, based in Switzerland
- Minority Rights Group
- Ashkali flag at FAME