Asian Brazilians
Total population | |
---|---|
850,130 0.42% of Brazilian population identified as amarela (yellow) in the 2022 census |
Asian Brazilians (
. The Brazilian census does not use "Asian" as a racial category, though the term "yellow" (amarela in Portuguese) refers to people of East Asian ethnic origin.Beyond the descendants from West Asia and East Asia, there has also been much smaller immigration from Southeast Asia and South Asia, as well as those from the Asian diaspora in the Caribbean and Mozambique.
Brazil has the largest community of Japanese descendants outside of Japan. Japanese immigrants started to move to Brazil in 1908, were directed to the Brazilian coffee plantations.[7]
History
Recent research has suggested that Asians from the early
The first substantial Asian immigration to Brazil were a small number of Chinese people (3,000) during the colonial period as coolie slaves. Later waves of Chinese immigrants would come from Hong Kong and Macau, the latter being a former Portuguese colony,[9] as well as China's ethnic Russian community during the 1950s.[10]
Later, significant immigration from Asia to Brazil would start in the late 19th century, when immigration from Lebanon and Syria became important. Until 1922, Levantine immigrants were considered "Turks", as they carried passports issued by the Turkish Ottoman Empire, which then ruled over present-day Lebanon.[11] Various estimates for Lebanese ancestry in Brazil place them at about 7 million.[12][13]
Another important Asian immigrant group to Brazil were from
Other East Asian groups are also significant in Brazil. The
Japanese in Brazil
Ethnic group | Period | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1904-1913 | 1914-1923 | 1924-1933 | 1945-1949 | 1950-1954 | 1955-1959 | |||||
Japanese | 11,868 | 20,398 | 110,191 | 12 | 5,447 | 28,819 |
Restrictions on Asian immigrants
Although discussions were situated in a theoretical field, immigrants arrived and colonies were founded through all this period (the rule of
See also
- Arab Brazilians
- Bangladeshi immigration to Brazil
- Chinese Brazilians
- Filipino immigration to Brazil
- Indian immigration to Brazil
- Japanese Brazilians
- Korean Brazilians
- Lebanese Brazilians
- Russian Brazilians
Notes
- ^ The exact number of Asian descendants remains unknown. Brazil's census does not officially use the term "Asian" as a racial category, instead using the term amarela (yellow) in reference to ethnic East Asians. Older estimates for other Asian communities in Brazil, particularly the Lebanese-Brazilian community, make up an estimated 7 million people.
References
- ^ "Censo Demográfi co 2010 Características da população e dos domicílios Resultados do universo" (PDF). 8 November 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
- ^ The Japan Times Online
- ^ Adital - Brasileiros no Japão Archived 2007-03-29 at the Wayback Machine
- Fundação Getúlio Vargas, 2003.
- ^ Brazil
- IBGE. p. 53. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
descendentes e os asiáticos – japoneses, chineses, coreanos, libaneses, sírios, entre outros
- ^ "I fear for Asian communities in Brazil". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 2023-05-25.
- ^ East in the West: Investigating the Asian presence and influence in Brazil from the 16th to 18th centuries. By Clifford Pereira, in Proceedings of the 2nd Asia-Pacific regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage. Ed. Hans Van Tilberg, Sila Tripati, Veronica Walker, Brian Fahy and Jun Kimura. Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA. May 2014.
- ISBN 0-8223-2260-9.
- from the original on 6 March 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
and the third one is the resettlement of the Russians from China during the 1950s.
- ^ Recopilaron casi 200 años de los sirio libaneses en Argentina Archived 2014-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affaires". Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
- ^ "Lebanon: Geography". Embassy of Lebanon in Brazil (in Portuguese). 1996. Archived from the original on 29 May 2008.
- ^ "Estatísticas do Povoamento" [Population Statistics]. IBGE. Archived from the original on 9 August 2007.
- ^ Decree No. 528, of June 28, 1890
- ^ Masato Ninomiya O centenário do Tratado de Amizade, Comércio e Navegação entre Brasil e Japão Archived December 29, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. in Revista USP, December 1995/February 1996. p. 248.