Asian golden cat
Asian golden cat | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | Carnivora |
Suborder: | Feliformia |
Family: | Felidae |
Subfamily: | Felinae |
Genus: | Catopuma |
Species: | C. temminckii
|
Binomial name | |
Catopuma temminckii | |
Distribution of the Asian golden cat, 2015[1] | |
Synonyms | |
Pardofelis temminckii |
The Asian golden cat (Catopuma temminckii) is a medium-sized
The Asian golden cat's
Taxonomy
Felis temmincki was the
It was subordinated to the
- C. t. temminckii occurs in Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula
- C. t. moormensis occurs from Nepal eastwards to Southeast Asia
Phylogeny
The following cladogram shows the phylogenetic relationships of the Asian golden cat:[8][9][10]
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Characteristics
The Asian golden cat is a medium-sized cat with a head-to-body length of 66–105 cm (26–41 in), with a 40–57 cm (16–22 in) long tail, and is 56 cm (22 in) tall at the shoulder. In weight, it ranges from 9 to 16 kg (20 to 35 lb), which is about two or three times that of a domestic cat (Felis catus).[2]
The Asian golden cat is
Reddish brown morphs were recorded in Sumatra.[3][17][18] A spotted Asian golden cat with large rosettes on shoulders, flanks and hips was described for the first time based on a specimen from China in 1872.[5] This morph was recorded in China, Bhutan and in West Bengal's Buxa Tiger Reserve.[20][21][16]Distribution and habitat
The Asian golden cat ranges from eastern
Since an individual was caught alive in 1831 in Nepal, the country was thought to be the westernmost part of the Asian golden cat's range.[4][23] In the 21st century, it was photographed in the country in May 2009 in Makalu Barun National Park, at an elevation of 2,517 m (8,258 ft).[19] In February 2019, it was also recorded in Gaurishankar Conservation Area at an elevation of 2,540 m (8,330 ft).[24]
In India, Asian golden cats were recorded in:
- temperate and subalpine forest in Sikkim's Khangchendzonga National Park up to an elevation of 3,960 m (12,990 ft);[12]
- wet hill forest of Buxa Tiger Reserve for the first time in February 2018 at elevations of 1,025 and 1,355 m (3,363 and 4,446 ft);[16]
- open grasslands of Assam's Manas National Park;[25]
- the
- Mizoram's Dampa Tiger Reserve;[26]
- Talley Valley Wildlife Sanctuary, Pakke Tiger Reserve, Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary and Singchung-Bugun Village Community Reserve.[27]
In Bhutan's Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park, it was recorded by camera traps at an elevation of 3,738 m (12,264 ft).[21]
In northern Myanmar, it was recorded in Hkakaborazi National Park.[28] In 2015, it was recorded for the first time in the hill forests of
In Laos, it also inhabits bamboo regrowth, scrub and degraded forest from the Mekong plains to at least 1,100 m (3,600 ft).[30][31]
In China, it was recorded in protected areas in the
Results of surveys in Sumatra indicated that it is more common than
Behaviour and ecology
Asian golden cats are territorial and solitary. Previous observations suggested that they are primarily
Asian golden cats can climb trees when necessary. They hunt
Captive Asian golden cats kill small prey with the nape bite typical of cats. They also pluck birds larger than pigeons before beginning to feed. Their vocalizations include hissing, spitting, meowing, purring, growling, and gurgling. Other methods of communication observed in captive Asian golden cats include scent marking,
Reproduction
Not much is known about the reproductive behavior of this rather elusive cat in the wild. Most of what is known has been learned from cats in captivity.
Threats
The Asian golden cat inhabits some of the fastest
Illegal wildlife trade
Asian golden cats are poached mainly for their fur.[41] In Myanmar, 111 body parts from at least 110 individuals were observed in four markets surveyed between 1991 and 2006. Numbers were significantly greater than those of non-threatened species. Among the observed skins was one with rosettes. Three of the surveyed markets are situated on international borders with China and Thailand and cater to international buyers, although the Asian golden cat is completely protected under the country's national legislation. Effective implementation and enforcement of CITES is considered inadequate.[42]
Conservation
Pardofelis temminckii is included in
In captivity
As of December 2008[update], there were 20 Asian golden cats in eight European
In culture
In China, the Asian golden cat is thought to be a kind of leopard and is known as "rock cat" or "yellow leopard". Different colour phases have different names; those with black fur are called "inky leopards", and those with spotted coats are called "sesame leopards".[2]
In some regions of Thailand, the Asian golden cat is called Seua fai (Thai: เสือไฟ; "fire tiger"). According to a regional legend, the burning of an Asian golden cat's fur drives tigers away. Eating the flesh is believed to have the same effect. The Karen people believe that carrying a single hair of the cat is sufficient.[44] Many indigenous people believe the cat to be fierce, but in captivity it has been known to be docile and tranquil. In the south, it is called Kang kude (Thai: คางคูด) and believed to be a fierce animal that can hurt or eat livestock and larger animals such as elephants.[45]
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{{cite book}}
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External links
- "Asiatic Golden Cat". IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group.