Attack on Cloghoge checkpoint
Attack on the Cloghoge checkpoint | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Part of the Troubles and Operation Banner | |||||||
Entrance to a British Army checkpoint near Newry, late 1980s | |||||||
| |||||||
Belligerents | |||||||
Provisional IRA | British Army | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Unknown | Lt. Andrew Rawding[1] | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
2 active service units 1 railway bomb |
24 soldiers in complex 2 patrols | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
None |
1 killed 23 wounded | ||||||
The attack on Cloghoge checkpoint was an unconventional railway bomb attack carried out on 1 May 1992 by the
The attack
During the late hours of 30 April, a group of four Provisional IRA members held a family hostage in
At about 2:00 AM, the van was clamped into first gear and directed at the Romeo-One-Five (R15) military checkpoint, a permanent vehicle checkpoint on M1 motorway, alongside the railway.[4] The South Armagh Brigade had examined the compound and realised that the railway side of the fortified position was lacking of blast wall protection.[1]
A British Army patrol from the 2nd Battalion Royal Regiment of Fusiliers 300 yards (270 m) south of the outpost heard what sounded like a train approaching the checkpoint.[5] The first tip that something was wrong was when a passer-by told another patrol, led by Lieutenant ‘Zippy’ Allanach, that his vehicle had been diverted by hooded men at one of the IRA checkpoints.[1] Another soldier looking through a telescope from R14, a watchtower on top of Cloghoge mountain, spotted the van on the rails heading towards the checkpoint, which was alerted by radio immediately.[5] The sentry at R15, Fusilier Andrew Grundy, spotted the incoming threat and alerted the other soldiers in the checkpoint, who rushed to take shelter from the bomb. Grundy tried to disable the improvised locomotive with gunfire, to no avail.[1]
Meanwhile, an IRA member, from the high ground south of the position, waited for the van to reach its target, guided by the vehicle's courtesy lights.[3] An IRA statement claims that a braking device was then used to stop the van when it passed abreast of the complex.[6] The IRA volunteer then radioed the men at the end of the wire to trigger the bomb. At 2:05, the explosive went off, demolishing the checkpoint. The 10-ton sangar was lifted off of its foundation and thrown 12 yards away. Fusilier Grundy was killed almost instantly, but the rest of the soldiers, all inside a reinforced concrete bunker, survived the massive blast.[3] A total 23 troops received injuries of different severity.[2]
Aftermath
Fusilier G. A. Colman was awarded a
The British Army's official report about this incident stated: "This was a well-planned and well-executed attack indicative of the imaginative, innovative and capable nature of South Armagh PIRA".[7]
Former British Army Brigadier Peter Morton put in question the wisdom of these fixed military compounds along the border by comparing the bases with "Crusader castles showing the flag on every Ulster road and hillside, (they) are sitting targets for the terrorists, to be reconnoitred in safety and attacked at leisure. They drain resources, sap the strength of the security forces, and place many lives needlessly in danger."[8]
The checkpoint was never re-opened. Another smaller PVCP was built a few miles to the west.[9] During the construction of the new outpost, there was an IRA rocket attack on a lorries' convoy carrying materials to the site on 30 July 1992.[10] A sustained mortar attack was also carried out by the Provisionals on 6 August.[11] This new checkpoint cost £7 million, only to be removed in 1998 right after the Good Friday Agreement.[9]
See also
- Chronology of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions (1992-1999)
- Improvised tactical vehicles of the Provisional IRA
- Attack on Derryard checkpoint
- Glenanne barracks bombing
- Drummuckavall Ambush
- Proxy bomb
References
- ^ a b c d e f Quote from Regimental history of the Royal Fusiliers: “For England and St George”
- ^ a b c Operation Banner: An analysis of military operations in Northern Ireland. Prepared under the direction of the Chief of the General Staff, Ministry of Defence July 2006, p. 5-2
- ^ a b c d Harnden, pp. 262–264
- ISBN 978-0-415-36733-2
- ^ a b Harnden, pp 263
- ^ "Border Base Destroyed". indianamemory.contentdm.oclc.org. The Irish People. 16 May 1992. Archived from the original on 4 June 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- ^ Harnden, page 264
- ^ "House of Commons Hansard Debates for 12 May 1992". publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 5 June 2021.
- ^ a b Harnden, page 265
- ^ Fortnight, Issues 302-312, p. 22
- ^ "IRA bombs checkpoint near school". The Independent. 7 August 1992. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
Further reading
- Dunstan, Simon (2008). For England and St. George: A History of the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers. Helion & Company Limited. ISBN 0-9540067-0-4
- ISBN 0-340-71737-8