Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics
An Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR,
autonomous okrugs
.
In the
Brezhnev Era.[1]
According to the
autonomous okrugs had the right, by means of a referendum, to independently resolve whether they will stay in the USSR or leave with the seceding union republic, as well as to raise the issue of their state-legal status.[2]
Azerbaijan SSR
Georgian SSR
- Abkhaz ASSR, now Abkhazia
- Adjarian ASSR, now Adjara
Russian SFSR
The 1978 Constitution of the RSFSR recognized sixteen autonomous republics within the RSFSR. Their status as of October 2007 within the Russian Federation is given in parentheses:
- Bashkir ASSR (now Republic of Bashkortostan)
- Buryat ASSR (now Republic of Buryatia)
- Checheno-Ingush ASSR (now Chechen Republic and Republic of Ingushetia)
- Chuvash ASSR (now Chuvash Republic)
- Dagestan ASSR (now Republic of Dagestan)
- Kabardino-Balkarian ASSR (now Kabardino-Balkarian Republic)
- Kalmyk ASSR (now Republic of Kalmykia)
- Karelian ASSR (now Republic of Karelia)
- Komi ASSR (now Komi Republic)
- Mari ASSR (now Mari El Republic)
- Mordovian ASSR (now Republic of Mordovia)
- North Ossetian ASSR (now Republic of North Ossetia–Alania)
- Tatar ASSR (now Republic of Tatarstan)
- Tuvan ASSR (now Tuva Republic)
- Udmurt ASSR (now Udmurt Republic)
- Yakut ASSR (now Sakha (Yakutia) Republic)
Khakassian Autonomous Oblast (now Republic of Khakassia) were all promoted in status to that of an ASSR in 1991, in the last year of the Soviet Union. Only the Jewish Autonomous Oblast
retained its autonomous oblast status in Russia.
Other autonomous republics also existed within RSFSR at earlier points of the Soviet history:
- Crimean ASSR (October 18, 1921 – June 30, 1945; now the Republic of Crimea, disputed between Russia and Ukraine)
- Kazakh ASSR (1925–1936, now the independent state of Kazakhstan)
- Kazak ASSR, now the independent state of Kazakhstan)
- Kirghiz ASSR (1926–1936, became Kirghiz SSR, now the independent state of Kyrgyzstan)
- Northern CaucasusRepublics)
- Turkestan ASSR (1918–1924, now part of the independent states of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan)
- Volga German ASSR (1918–1941)
Ukrainian SSR
- Moldavian ASSR (1924–1940). In 1940, it was made, together with territory annexed from Romania, into the Moldavian SSR (now the independent state of Moldova).
- Russian Federation)
Uzbek SSR
- Karakalpak ASSR (1932–1991), now Karakalpakstan
- Tajik ASSR (1924–1929, became Tajik SSR, now the independent state of Tajikistan)
See also
- Autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union
- Autonomous okrugs of the Soviet Union
- National delimitation in the Soviet Union
- Republics of Russia
- Subdivisions of the Soviet Union
References
- ISBN 91-506-1600-5.
- ^ "СОЮЗ СОВЕТСКИХ СОЦИАЛИСТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСПУБЛИК. ЗАКОН О порядке решения вопросов, связанных с выходом союзной республики из СССР" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 12 September 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2022.