Favipiravir
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Trade names | Avigan (アビガン, Abigan), Avifavir,[1] Areplivir,[2] others |
Other names | T-705, favipira, favilavir |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
ATC code | |
Legal status | |
Legal status |
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JSmol) | |
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Favipiravir, sold under the brand name Avigan among others,
It is being developed and manufactured by
Medical use
Favipiravir has been approved to treat
Side effects
There is evidence that use during pregnancy may result in
Mechanism of action
The mechanism of its actions is thought to be related to the selective inhibition of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.[11][medical citation needed] Favipiravir is a prodrug that is metabolized to its active form, favipiravir-ribofuranosyl-5'-triphosphate (favipiravir-RTP), available in both oral and intravenous formulations.[12][13] In 2014, favipiravir was approved in Japan for stockpiling against influenza pandemics.[14] However, favipiravir has not been shown to be effective in primary human airway cells, casting doubt on its efficacy in influenza treatment.[15]
Favipiravir-RTP is a nucleoside analogue. It mimics both guanosine and adenosine for the viral RdRP. Incorporating two such bases in a row stops primer extension, although it is unclear how as of 2013.[11]
Society and culture
Legal status
The US Department of Defense developed favipiravir in partnership with MediVector, Inc. as a broad-spectrum antiviral and sponsored it through FDA Phase II and Phase III clinical trials, where it demonstrated safety in humans and efficacy against the influenza virus.[16] favipiravir remains unapproved in the UK and the USA.[17] In 2014, Japan approved favipiravir for treating influenza strains unresponsive to current antivirals.[18] Toyama Chemical initially hoped that favipiravir would become a new influenza medication that could replace oseltamivir (brand name Tamiflu). However, animal experiments show the potential for teratogenic effects, and the approval of production by The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare was greatly delayed and the production condition is limited only in an emergency in Japan.[19]
Despite limited data on efficacy, as of March 2021 favipiravir is widely prescribed for outpatient treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in Egypt,[20] Hungary[21] and Serbia.[22] Patients are required to sign a consent form before obtaining the drug.[citation needed]
Brand names
Favipiravir is sold under the brand names Avigan (アビガン, Abigan), Avifavir,[1] Avipiravir,[23] Areplivir,[2] FabiFlu,[24] Favipira,[25] Reeqonus,[26][27] and Qifenda.
Use in Russia
Coronavir is the brand name of favipiravir used in Russia, where it is approved for the treatment of COVID-19. It is produced and sold by R-Pharm.[28][29] Coronavir was approved for use in Russia in hospitals in July 2020, and in September 2020 it received approval for prescription sales for outpatient use.[30]
Research
COVID-19
Favipiravir, as an antiviral drug, has been authorized for treating COVID-19 in several countries including Japan, Russia, Serbia, Turkey, India, and Thailand, under emergency provisions.[31][32][33][34] A rapid meta-review in September 2020 (analyzing four studies) noted that the drug led to clinical and radiological improvements; however, no reduction in mortality or differences in oxygen-support requirement were observed and more rigorous studies were sought.[35][36] A Cochrane Systematic review published in Feb 2024, noted that there is actually no real benefit with Favipiravir in treating Covid-19 in terms of mortality benefits, or admission to mechanical ventillation, or hospitalisation, and it may not make any difference in adverse effects or serious adverse effects.[37]
As of May 2021[update], large-cohort clinical trials are underway.[38]
Ebola
Research in 2014, suggested that favipiravir may have efficacy against
During the
Nipah
Other
In experiments in animals favipiravir has shown activity against
Tautomerism
The possible
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Enol-like tautomeric form
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Keto-like tautomeric form
References
- ^ a b "Avifavir". Russian drug reference. Medum.ru.
- ^ a b "Arelpivir". Russian drug reference. Medum.ru.
- ^ "Glenmark launches Covid-19 drug FabiFlu, priced at Rs 103 per tablet". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 20 June 2020.
- ^ PMID 32246834.
- PMID 19428599.
- ^ PMID 32097670.
- ^ EJ Lane (22 June 2016). "Fujifilm in Avigan API license with Zhejiang Hisun Pharmaceuticals". Fierce Pharma. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Information of Avigan Tablet in relation to Covid-19". FUJIFILM Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd.
- PMID 32405421.
- PMID 37152312.
- ^ PMID 23874596.
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- ^ Koons C (7 August 2014). "Ebola Drug From Japan May Emerge Among Key Candidates". Bloomberg.com.
- PMID 29891600.
- ^ "MediVector Completes Patient Enrollment In Two Phase 3 Studies Of Favipiravir For Influenza". BioSpace. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
- PMID 32124919.
- PMID 30724789.
- ^ 条件付き承認で普及に足かせ 富山化学インフル薬の"無念" [Conditional approval hinders popularization Toyama chemical flu drug's "disappointment"] (in Japanese). 25 February 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
- ^ "تعرف على علاج كورونا المطروح بالصيدليات المصرية وسعره ومدى نجاعته" [Learn about the Corona treatment offered in Egyptian pharmacies, its price, and its efficacy]. Al Jazeera. 11 March 2021. Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
- ^ "A kórházakat tehermentesítheti az egyforintos koronavírus-gyógyszer" [Hospitals can be relieved of the one-forint coronavirus medicine]. telex (in Hungarian). 11 March 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
- ^ "Korona virus: Koji se lekovi protiv Kovida-19 koriste u Srbiji" [Corona virus: What anti-Covid-19 drugs are used in Serbia]. 22 November 2021.
- ^ "EVA Pharma Announces Availability of Antiviral Avipiravir® Tablets in Egyptian Pharmacies". EVA Pharma. Archived from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
- ^ "'FabiFlu is the most economical COVID-19 treatment option': Glenmark's reply to Centre on alleged 'overpricing'". DNA India. 21 July 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- ^ "Favipira - Tablet - 200 mg - Beacon Pharmaceuticals Ltd. - Indications, Pharmacology, Dosage, Side Effects & other Generic Info". Medex. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- ^ "Broad-Spectrum Oral Antiviral Sales Surge for COVID-19 Treatment". www.precisionvaccinations.com. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
- ^ "Favipiravir". Appili Therapeutics. Archived from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
- ^ "Russian firm gets approval for drug said to block coronavirus replication". 8 July 2020. Archived from the original on 5 December 2023. Retrieved 11 June 2023 – via in.reuters.com.
- ^ "Russia approves R-Pharm's Coronavir for Covid-19 treatment". Pharmaceutical Technology. 9 July 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Reuters Staff (18 September 2020). "Russia approves first COVID-19 prescription drug for sale in pharmacies". Reuters (in French). Retrieved 20 September 2020.[dead link]
- PMID 33882157.
- ^ "Russia approves first COVID-19 prescription drug for sale in pharmacies". Reuters. 18 September 2020. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
- ^ Pulla P (25 November 2020). "Is Favipiravir Good for COVID-19? Clinical Trial Says No, Press Release Says Yes". The Wire Science. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
- ^ Wipatayotin A (8 August 2021). "More patients to be given Favipiravir". The Bangkok Post. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
- S2CID 226295778.
- PMID 32972430.
- PMID 38314855.
- ^ "Favipiravir to be investigated as a possible COVID-19 treatment for at-home recovery in the PRINCIPLE trial". PRINCIPLE Trial. 8 April 2021.
Led by University of Oxford researchers, PRINCIPLE is one of the UK Government's national priority platform trials for COVID-19 treatments and was set-up with the intention that drugs shown to have a clinical benefit could be rapidly introduced into routine NHS care.
- PMID 24795448.
- PMID 24583123.
- PMID 24462697.
- ^ "First French Ebola patient leaves hospital". Reuters. 4 October 2016.
- ^ "Guinea: Clinical Trial for Potential Ebola Treatment Started in MSF Clinic in Guinea". AllAfrica – All the Time. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
- ^ "Favipiravir in Patients with Ebola Virus Disease: Early Results of the JIKI trial in Guinea". CROIconference.org. 24 February 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2016.
- PMID 26930627.
- ^ Fink S (4 February 2015). "Ebola Drug Aids Some in a Study in West Africa". The New York Times.
- . Retrieved 21 January 2016.
- PMID 30881850.
- PMID 29765101.
- PMID 19428599.
- PMID 24084488.
- PMID 24722586.
- PMID 27547128.
- PMID 26655300.
- PMID 30605446.
- PMID 32834770.
- PMID 36678542.
External links
- "Favipiravir". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.