Avondale, Cincinnati
Avondale | |
---|---|
Cincinnati, Ohio | |
Country | United States |
State | Ohio |
County | Hamilton |
City | Cincinnati |
Population (2020 ) | |
• Total | 11,345 |
ZIP code | 45229 |
Avondale is one of the 52
Originally a suburb, Avondale was annexed in 1896. The neighborhood became a majority Jewish neighborhood in the early 20th century, and then became a majority
The neighborhood is bordered by North Avondale, Evanston, Walnut Hills, Corryville, and Clifton.
History
During the 19th century Avondale was a rural suburb. Its settlers were mostly Protestant families from England or Germany.[2] It is claimed that the wife of Stephen Burton, a wealthy ironworks owner, began calling the area Avondale in 1853 after she saw a resemblance between the stream behind her house and the Avon River in England.[2] It was incorporated July 27, 1864, by Daniel Collier, Seth Evans and Joe C. Moores.[3]
Between the 1870s and 1890s, the community was plagued by burglaries, vagrants, public drunkenness, and brawling.
After Black families began relocating to Avondale, it split into two increasingly distinct and separate North and South neighborhoods. The residents of
Riots of 1967
1967 Cincinnati Riots | |||
---|---|---|---|
Part of Long, hot summer of 1967 | |||
Date | June 12–15, 1967 | ||
Location | |||
Parties | |||
| |||
Casualties | |||
Death(s) | 1 | ||
Injuries | 63 | ||
Arrested | 404 |
The 1967 Riots began on June 12 and lasted several days.
In Avondale some of the rioters smashed, looted, damaged cars, buildings, and stores. A witness reported, "there's not a window left on Reading Road or Burnett Avenue. The youths are doing it and adults are standing by and laughing. All ages are active. Women could be seen carrying babies."[6] The rioting spread from Avondale to Bond Hill, Winton Terrace, Walnut Hills, Corryville, Clifton, West End, and Downtown.[6] A 15-year-old boy was critically wounded in front of a fire station that was being fired upon by a car full of rioters.[8][9] According to an Avondale resident, rioting was over the constant police harassment, lack of jobs, and shopkeepers "jacking up prices and selling bad products."[6]
Governor
The day before the riots began Martin Luther King Jr. visited Zion Baptist Church in Avondale and preached a doctrine of non-violence.[7][11]
Riots of 1968
Less than a year later the neighborhood erupted into unrest again. The 1968 riots were in response to the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. on April 4, 1968.[5] Tension in Avondale had already been high due to a lack of job opportunities for Black men, and the assassination escalated that tension.[5] On April 8, around 1,500 Black community members attended a memorial held at a local recreation center.[12]
An officer of the Congress of Racial Equality blamed white people for King's death and urged the crowd to retaliate.[12] The crowd was orderly when it left the memorial and spilled out into the street. Nearby James Smith, a Black man, attempted to protect a jewelry store while under attack.[13] During the struggle with the attackers, Smith accidentally shot and killed his wife with his own shotgun.[13][14]
Rioting started after a rumor spread in the crowd that Smith's wife was killed by a police officer.
The next night, the city was put under curfew, and nearly 1,500 National Guardsmen were brought in to subdue the protest.[13] Several days after the riot started, two people were dead, hundreds were arrested, and the city had incurred $3 million in property damage.[12]
Aftermath of Riots
Avondale's formerly flourishing business district along Burnet Avenue was vacated following the riots of 1967 and 1968.[5] Many of the damaged areas were left vacant for a decade.[10] The riots helped fuel beliefs that the city was too dangerous for families and helped accelerate "white flight" to the suburbs.[16]
Between 1960 and 1970 the city of Cincinnati lost 10% of its population, compared to a loss of just 0.3% from 1950 to 1960.
After the riots, Black community members were appointed to city boards and commissions. In 1967, none of the 69 board members were Black.[10]
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1900 | 8,208 | — | ||
1910 | 13,120 | +59.8% | ||
1920 | 17,900 | +36.4% | ||
1930 | 27,093 | +51.4% | ||
1940 | 28,769 | +6.2% | ||
1950 | 31,247 | +8.6% | ||
1960 | 35,449 | +13.4% | ||
1970 | 30,118 | −15.0% | ||
1980 | 19,845 | −34.1% | ||
1990 | 18,736 | −5.6% | ||
2000 | 16,298 | −13.0% | ||
2010 | 12,466 | −23.5% | ||
2020 | 11,345 | −9.0% | ||
| ||||
North Avondale and Paddock Hills are within the same Census Tract from 1900-1970. North Avondale was officially designated a neighborhood in the 1970s. Population after 1970 was split from Avondale. |
2020 census
As of the census of 2020, there were 11,345 people living in the neighborhood. There were 6,410 housing units. The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 11.4%
There were 5,968 households, out of which 37.2% were families. 51.3% of all households were made up of individuals.[1]
29.9% of the neighborhood's population were under the age of 18, 53.8% were 18 to 64, and 16.3% were 65 years of age or older. 53.5% of the population was male and 46.5% was female.[1]
According to the U.S. Census
Recreation
The 4-acre (1.6 ha) Fleischmann Gardens park was established in 1925 on land donated by the heirs of prominent Avondale resident Charles Louis Fleischmann.[17]
Education
Avondale is served by a branch of the
South Avondale Elementary[19] serves kindergarten through 6th grade, and is part of the Cincinnati Public Schools system. Phoenix Community Learning center is a public charter school also located in Avondale, serving kindergarten through 10th grade.[20]
Avondale is adjacent to Xavier University and Cincinnati Children's Hospital, and in close proximity to the University of Cincinnati and its medical centers.
Notable people
- John Kenneth Blackwell[21]
- Don Brodie[22][23]
- Elizabeth Drew[24]
- Ban Johnson[25]
- David Justice[26]
- Charles Keating[27]
- James Levine[28]
- Curtis Peagler[29]
- Tuffy Rhodes[30]
- Jerry Rubin[31]
- Evelyn Venable[22][23]
See also
Notes
- Rucker, Walter C. and James N. Upton (2007), Encyclopedia of American race riots, Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-33301-7
- Stradling, David (2003), Cincinnati: From River City to Highway Metropolis, Arcade Publishing. ISBN 0-7385-2440-9
References
- ^ a b c d e "Avondale 2020 Statistical Neighborhood Approximation" (PDF). City of Cincinnati. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f Avondale Community Council, Community Development Archived April 30, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Accessed on 2010-08-28.]
- ^ Kenny, Daniel J. (1895). Illustrated Guide to Cincinnati and the World's Columbian Exposition. R. Clarke. p. 213. Retrieved 2013-05-22.
- ^ Clarke, S. J. (1912). Cincinnati, the Queen City, 1788-1912, Volume 2. The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. p. 528. Retrieved 2013-05-20.
- ^ a b c d e f Hall, Sheri (March 2, 1998). "Area working to rise above crime, riots". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
- ^ a b c d "25 Stories That Rocked the City: Race Riots in Avondale". Cincinnati Magazine. August 1992. p. 124. Retrieved 2009-06-06.
- ^ a b c "The Legacy of the Cincinnati Strangler". Cincinnati Magazine. August 1997. p. 36. Retrieved 2009-08-28.
- ^ a b "Two Ohio Cities Are Focal Point of Overnight Racial Disorders". Reading Eagle. June 15, 1967. p. 124. Retrieved 2009-08-28.
- ^ a b "Race Violence Hits Cincinnati Again". The Victoria Advocate. June 16, 1967. pp. 1, 9. Retrieved 2009-06-06.
- ^ a b c d "Civil unrest woven into city's history". Cincinnati Enquirer. July 15, 2001. Retrieved 2009-06-06.
- ^ a b Rucker (2007), p. 107
- ^ a b c Rucker (2007), p. 108.
- ^ a b c d e f Stradling (2003), p. 140.
- ^ a b c d "White teacher slashed to death in Cincinnati". Rome News-Tribune. April 9, 1968. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
- ^ The Montreal Gazette. April 9, 1968. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
- ^ Stradling (2003), p. 141.
- ^ "Fleischmann Gardens". Retrieved Jun 2, 2020.
- ^ "Avondale Branch". Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
- ^ "South Avondale Elementary". Cincinnati Public Schools. Retrieved 31 Dec 2020.
- ^ "Phoenix Community Learning Center". Phoenix Community Learning Center. Retrieved 31 Dec 2020.
- ^ Horstman, Barry M. (September 1, 1977). "Research Provides Game Plan; Blackwell County Race Based on Precinct-by-Precinct Study". The Cincinnati Post. p. 5. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
- ^ a b "Avondale Actor". The Cincinnati Post. September 11, 1938. Sec. III, p. 1. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
- ^ a b Megahan, Urie (November 17, 1938). "Star Gazing With Urie Megahan". Rockland County Leader. Sec. M, p. 11. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
- ^ "Acclaimed Writer Relives Presidential Campaign". p. . Retrieved February 22, 2023.
- ISBN 978-0-19-979513-0.
- ^ Jones, Todd (June 21, 1995). "Cincinnati Kid David Justice Hasn't Forgotten His Roots". The Cincinnati Post. p. 1D. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
- ^ Ludlow, Randy (February 5, 1990). "The Fighter, The High Roller, 'Charlie' Lives By Own Rules; Keating". The Cincinnati Post. pp. 1A, 7A. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
- ^ "City's Musical Sons, Daughters". The Cincinnati Post. February 1, 1986. p. 11. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
- ^ "Deaths: Curtis Steagler, Alto Saxophonist". The Cincinnati Post. p. 15. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
- ^ Groeschen, Tom (March 26, 2000). "Longing for America: West High Grad Has Great Baseball Career, But On Another Continent". The Cincinnati Enquirer. p. D6. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
- ^ Russell, John (August 18, 1966). "Rubin Says His Political Seeds Were Sown Here". The Cincinnati Enquirer. p. 16. Retrieved February 22, 2023.