Bình Thuận province
Bình Thuận province
Tỉnh Bình Thuận | |
---|---|
ICT) | |
Area codes | 62 (until 16 July 2017) 252 (from 17 June 2017) |
ISO 3166 code | VN-40 |
Website | binhthuan |
Bình Thuận (Vietnamese:
Bình Thuận province is sometimes seen as part of the Southeast region, the Southern. The province is known for its scenery and beaches. There are also a number of sites of archaeological significance.
History
Much of what is now Bình Thuận province was part of the Cham principality of Panduranga, which had its political centre in neighbouring Ninh Thuận province. It was the last independent principality after the fall of Vijaya in 1471. Bình Thuận was later incorporated into Vietnam, while Ninh Thuận remained independent longer, until 1832. Before 1976, Bình Thuận province was much smaller because much of the west was in the separate Bình Tuy province). Bình Tuy, Bình Thuận and Ninh Thuận were merged in 1976 to form Thuận Hải province. It was divided again into Ninh Thuận and Binh Thuận in 1991, while Bình Tuy remained part of Bình Thuận Province. [citation needed]
Geography
Bình Thuận has much of the borders with Lâm Đồng and Ninh Thuận are mountainous, while much of the rest of the province is relatively flat. However, there are several hills with a height of at least 200 m along the coast of the province.
Bình Thuận has several rivers mostly originating in the province itself or in the highlands of neighboring Lâm Đồng Province. Most flow into the
As of 2007, 50% of the province (394,100 ha) is covered with forests, which is high compared to most other provinces of the South Central Coast region.[4] Forests are mostly located in the province's mountainous regions in the northwest and northeast.[2] Despite its large forested area, the province also has a lot of agricultural land. 284,200 ha were used for agriculture in 2007, which is the largest figure among all provinces of the central coast regions (both North Central and South Central).[4]
Bình Thuận is one of the aridest provinces in Vietnam. Much of the province receives less than 800 mm of rain per year. The months from November to April are particularly dry, with less than 200 mm of rain. It has reserves of arsenic in the northwestern mountains and titanium along its western coast.[2]
Demography
Bình Thuận had a population of 1,170,700 people in 2007.[4] The population grew by 1.35% per year on average between 2000 and 2007. Growth was particularly strong in urban areas at 4.42% per year on average. As a result, urbanisation increased from 30.4% in 2000 to 37.5% in 2007, making it one of the most urbanized provinces of the South Central Coast (second after Khánh Hòa province).[5] Population density ranges from around 1000/km2 in Phan Thiết to less than 100/km2 in the districts of Bắc Bình, Hàm Tân, Hàm Thuận Nam and Tánh Linh.[3]
Apart from the majority
Administrative divisions
Bình Thuận is subdivided into 10 district-level sub-divisions:
8 districts:
- Bắc Bình
- Đức Linh
- Hàm Thuận Bắc
- Hàm Thuận Nam
- Hàm Tân
- Phú Quý
- Tánh Linh
- Tuy Phong
1 district-level town:
1 provincial city:
- Phan Thiết (capital)
They are further subdivided into 12 commune-level towns (or townlets), 96 communes, and 19 wards.
Cham villages
- Tuy Phong District
- Cawait: Lạc Trị
- Mânâng Krueic: Cao Hậu and Phú Điền
- Plom: Tuy Tịnh
- Karang: Vĩnh Hanh
- Bắc Bình District
- Dhaong Panan: Bình Tiến
- Pa-aok: Bình Tiến
- Ranjoh: Bình Tiến
- Hamu Ak: Bình Tiến
- Jraow: Bình Tiến
- Hamu Rok: Bình Tiến
- Ragaok: Bình Đức
- Yok Yang: Bình Hiếu
- Canan: Tịnh Mỹ
- Bah Ribaong: Trí Thái
- Sah Bingu: Mai Lãnh
- Gaok Lithei: An Lạc
- Aia Mâmih: Bình Minh
- Panat: Bình Thắng
- Dik: Bình Hòa
- Cakak: Cảnh Diễn
- Caraih: Châu Hanh
- Njen: Thanh Kiết
- Hàm Thuận Bắc District
- Hamu Kam: Ma Lâm 3
- Craoh Tang: Lâm Thuận
- Jamau: Giang Mâu
- Lam Bal: Lâm Thành
- Aia Ru: Hàm Trí
- Hamu Ciét: Hàm Trí
- Aia Ru: Đồng Tre
- Hàm Thuận Nam District
- Hala Puen: Hiệp Nghĩa
- Mali: Hiệp Hòa
- Tánh Linh District
- Bicam: khu phố Chăm Lạc Tánh
- Danaw Halin
- Hàm Tân District
- Bhumi: Làng Chăm
Economy
Bình Thuận had a GDP per capita of 11 million
Agriculture, forestry, fishing
Bình Thuận is a relatively large producer of rice. 434,600 t were harvested in 2007. This is a significant increase from 2000 (321,500 t), although the area used for growing rice did not increase significantly (93,100 ha to 96,400 ha). Roughly one third of the province's agricultural land is used to cultivate rice, less than many other provinces. [citation needed]
Crop | Area | Output (2007)[4] | % of national[5] | Main location(s)[2] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cotton | 1900 ha | 2000 t | 12.4% | Bắc Bình (E)
|
Cashew nuts | 30,971 ha | 17,565 t | 5.82% | Hàm Tân, La Gi (SW)
|
Pepper | 2091 ha | 2326 t | 2.58% | Đức Linh (NW)
|
Maize | 19,800 ha | 100,700 t | 2.45% | Hàm Tân (SW)
|
Rubber | 20,538 ha | 12,332 t | 2.05% | Đức Linh (NW)
|
Rice | 96,400 ha | 434,600 t | 1.21% | Hàm Thuận Nam (central)
|
Bình Thuận has increased the area used for some crops significantly over the last few years, including rubber, pepper and cashew nuts, while cultivation of sugar-cane and sweet potatoes has been shrinking. There are large fishing grounds off the coast of Bình Thuận and around Phú Quý island, including shrimp, squid, and tuna.[2] However, their contribution to the local economy is relatively small compared to agriculture. Forestry has made a very small contribution to the economy of the province and its growth has been slow from 2000 to 2007. The largest increase has actually been in forest cultivation rather than exploitation of forest products.[4]
Industry
Bình Thuận's industry has been booming in the first years of the 21st century, with average an average growth rate of 21.6% until 2007.[5] Bình Thuận's industrial development is currently facing problems of land management. Licensed industrial parks have been found to overlap with titanium reserves and their development may be delayed as a result.[7] The province has seen a decline in state industry from 2000 to 2007. The private sector now makes up most of industrial output and even the foreign-invested sector has overtaken state-owned industry. Despite its spectacular growth, industry was not able to absorb much of the growth of the labour force. It created 17,200 new jobs between 2000 and 2007, while the slower growing service sector created 44,100 and even agriculture, forestry and fishing created 57,600 jobs.[4]
Mining
Infrastructure
Transport
Bình Thuận is located along Vietnam's main north-south transport corridors.
The province is connected to the
Energy
Hàm Thuận hydropower plant is located in the northwest of the province.[2] Bình Thuận is the site of several new energy projects and will be important for Vietnam's diversification away from hydropower. Bình Thuận has significant potential for wind power generation, estimated at 3,000 MW.[8] The wind power project in Tuy Phong District,[9] was set to be hooked up to the national electricity grid by 2009. The large wind energy project is expected to help boost regional socio-economic development and pave the way for further exploitation of renewable energy sources in the country. Located on Highway 1, the section running through Bình Thuận Commune, the Wind Power Plant 1 is about 300 meters from the coast. This is an arid area usually short in rainfall but abundant in wind. Other wind power projects are in preparation, with 12 licenses issued as of August 2010. However, the land for many of these projects overlaps with land with rich titanium reserves.[8] These overlaps have remained unresolved for several years.[8]
A thermoelectric plant is under construction in
References
- ^ "Tình hình kinh tế, xã hội Bình Thuận năm 2018". Bộ Kế hoạch và Đầu tư. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Atlat Dia li Viet Nam (Geographical Atlas of Vietnam). NXB Giao Duc, Hanoi: 2010
- ^ a b c d e f Viet Nam Administrative Atlas. Cartographic Publishing House, Hanoi 2010
- ^ a b c d e f General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economical Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
- ^ a b c d calculations based on General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economical Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
- ISBN 978-604-908-999-2
- ^ "Titanium ores overlap IPs in Bình Thuận". The Saigon Times. 2011-06-11. Archived from the original on 2011-07-10. Retrieved 2011-07-28.
- ^ a b c "Wind power, titanium projects on direct collision course". The Saigon Times. 2010-08-24. Archived from the original on 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2011-07-28.
- ^ Binhthuantimes. "Wind farm to turn arid land into town". Binhthuantimes.com. Archived from the original on 2010-07-21. Retrieved 2010-06-16.
- ^ "TQ cho VN vay 300 triệu USD xây nhiệt điện". BBC Vietnamese. 2010-12-18. Retrieved 2011-07-28.