Bacillary dysentery
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Bacillary dysentery | |
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Specialty | Infectious diseases |
Bacillary dysentery is a type of dysentery, and is a severe form of shigellosis. It is associated with species of bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae.[1] The term is usually restricted to Shigella infections.[2]
Shigellosis is caused by one of several types of Shigella
Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella enterica (serovar Typhimurium) has also been described as a cause of bacillary dysentery,[citation needed] though this definition is less common. It is sometimes listed as an explicit differential diagnosis of bacillary dysentery, as opposed to a cause.[6]
Bacillary dysentery should not be confused with
Presentation
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Pathogenesis
Transmission is
Diagnosis
Specimen: Fresh stool is collected.
Culture: Specimen is inoculated on selective media like
Cultural characteristics: Colorless (NLF) colonies appear on MacConkey's agar which are further confirmed by gram staining, hanging drop preparation and biochemical reactions.
Treatment
Dysentery is initially managed by maintaining fluid intake using
Anyone with bloody diarrhea needs immediate medical help. Treatment often starts with an oral rehydrating solution—water mixed with salt and carbohydrates—to prevent dehydration. (Emergency relief services often distribute inexpensive packets of sugars and mineral salts that can be mixed with clean water and used to restore lifesaving fluids in dehydrated children gravely ill from dysentery.)
If Shigella is suspected and it is not too severe, the doctor may recommend letting it run its course—usually less than a week. The patient will be advised to replace fluids lost through diarrhea. If the infection is severe, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics, such as
No vaccine is available. There are several Shigella
History
The bacterium causing shigellosis is named after Kiyoshi Shiga, a Japanese researcher who discovered it in 1897.
References
- ^ Dysentery,+Bacillary at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ^ "bacillary dysentery" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- PMID 16275786.
- ^ "WHO | Diarrhoeal Diseases". Archived from the original on 15 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
- PMID 16878230.
- ^ "Bacillary Dysentery". Archived from the original on 27 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
- ^ "Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrio, Campylobacter and Helicobacter". Archived from the original on 24 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
- PMID 16483695.