Bahía Blanca
Bahía Blanca | ||
---|---|---|
CPA Base B 8000 | ||
Area code | +54 291 | |
Climate | Cfa | |
Website | Official website |
Bahía Blanca (Spanish pronunciation: [baˈi.a ˈβlaŋka]; English: White Bay) is a city by the Atlantic Ocean, in the southwest province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is the seat of government of the Bahía Blanca Partido, with 301,572 inhabitants according to the 2010 census [INDEC]. Bahía Blanca is the principal city in the Greater Bahía Blanca area.
The city has an important seaport with a depth of 15 m (49 ft), kept constant upstream almost all along the length of the bay, where the Napostá Stream drains.
Bahía Blanca means "White Bay". The name is due to the color of the salt covering the local soil surrounding the shores. The bay (which is an
Foundation
The city was founded as a fortress on April 11th, 1828 by Colonel
The rapid growth of the local economy, the policy encouraging
European immigrants brought their customs and culture. There were at least five opera houses in Bahía Blanca at the beginning of the 20th century and six cinemas by 1920. [citation needed]
Governance
The municipal government of Bahia Blanca Partido includes the mayor, in charge of the executive branch, the city council, and the local legislation, approval and audit of the municipal budget, and a local Judiciary System, in charge of administering justice on behalf of the city regarding all the aspects of municipal legislation. The mayor and the members of the council are elected by direct vote, while the municipal judges are appointed. The mayor appoints the members of his cabinet of Secretaries who can be summoned by the council to whom they are mainly accountable.
A local political crisis in March 2006 resulted in the mayor's request for leave, which was granted by the city council on 27 March 2006. The mayor was indicted, and the case continued in the local judiciary. The president of the city council then took over as interim mayor. However, on 24 August 2006, the city council decided, for the first time in the history of the city, to unseat the elected mayor. With the approval of the supreme court of the Buenos Aires Province, the interim mayor and former president of the city council was appointed to complete his predecessor's term.[4]
Economy
Bahía Blanca is an important trans-shipping and commercial center, handling the large export trade of grains and wool from the southern area of Buenos Aires Province, oil from
There are several local societies representing economic activities taking place in the region such as Sociedad Rural, Corporación del Comercio y de la Industria, and Sociedad Industrial, all of whom organize conferences and exhibits linked to the branch of trade, commerce, or industry their associates carry out. Some of the exhibits are quite traditional and have taken place for many years, such as "Exposición Nacional de Ganadería e Industria de la Sociedad Rural de Bahía Blanca", mainly grouping those devoted to cattle husbandry and sheep breeding, which up to 2006 account for 122 annual displays[12] when there is a contest awarding prizes to the best-presented animals. As far as the retail business goes the biggest presence is the BPM store with over 300 locations in the city and more than 2500 worldwide. The very first location is still open and operated personally by the founders. It is located downtown right next to "Teatro Don Bosco", this was key to their success.
Transportation
Bahía Blanca is served by Comandante Espora Airport (BHI/SAZB). There are two daily short-haul flights from Bahía Blanca (BHI) to the domestic flights airport in Buenos Aires (AEP). The Navy also operates a weekly flight to and from Buenos Aires, for service people who commute between the two cities. The local airport's runways belong to the Navy Aviation (BACE, standing for Base Aeronaval Comandante Espora). There is a civilian terminal supported by the city council apart from the military one. The civilian terminal is undergoing an important renovation.
The bus terminal of the city, recently remodeled and redesigned, services the whole country. The bus transportation system has a wider range of short, medium and long-distance connections and destinations offering many overnight trips from Bahía Blanca to Buenos Aires, to hundreds of cities and towns throughout the country and also to neighbouring countries such as Uruguay.
A network of motorways merge in the city linking it to the region and the rest of the country. In recent years, different administrations have tried to create and improve an outer ring road by which traffic is facilitated avoiding unnecessary congestion allowing lorries or trucks, as well as automobiles, to directly enter and exit the port area. Vehicles passing by can also avoid entering the city via this ring road. There are also projects to improve the road link between the city and the airport. Multiple local bus lines form the city transportation system. The main route,
Railway
Bahía Blanca has a total of three
The other two stations of the city were built and originally operated by British Bahía Blanca and North Western Railway (opened in 1891) and French Rosario and Puerto Belgrano Railway (opened in 1912) respectively. After its closure in 1962, the FCRPB station then served as the municipal library until it was destroyed by fire in 2022.[14]
Name | Former company | Ceased oper. | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Bahía Blanca Sud | BA Great Southern | 2022 |
Closed [13] |
Bahía Blanca | Rosario & Pto. Belgrano | 1949 |
Closed |
Bahía Blanca | BB & North Western | 1962 |
Destroyed [14] |
- Note
Architecture
This section's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. (April 2020) |
The city has the common features of those founded by the Spanish and their descendants: a main square at the centre surrounded by relevant buildings the likes of The City Hall and the Church (located on opposite although facing sides of the main square). Buildings of administrative importance also surround the main square or are located nearby. The planning which took place before its foundation and during its early development conceived streets parallel to the sides of the main square.[citation needed] Almost all the blocks are then rectangular in shape. As the city developed the streets were extended and more rectangular blocks were added at the edges. The Administration of the City decided then to observe a plan of development probably about 1960, when it might have been ruled that further developments would follow established criteria according to their purpose: permanent dwellers, public places, industries.
Most of the city has terraced houses although detached houses surrounded by extensive gardens are well developed in some areas such as barrio Palihue, with an adjacent golf course at Club de Golf Palihue.[15] Barrio Patagonia and country clubs for permanent and also for week-end dwellers were designed and developed at the outskirts of the city.
The architecture of Bahía Blanca is notable as well. Public buildings such as the seat of the
There are excellent monuments and pieces of sculpture scattered all along the city: in the streets, main buildings and green spaces such as Caronti's bust, facing the City Hall, the Memorial to
Besides the usual areas included when the city is to be shown to somebody who is unfamiliar with it, other areas of interest include the Barrio Inglés ('English Quarter') where the British foremen and technicians who built the railways and ports lived, and Villa Harding Green, a suburb where the railway and port managers dwelled.
Culture and education
The city is a developed one including cultural and educational aspects. It has a permanent Symphony Orchestra and a Company of Classical Ballet (Ballet del Sur) with an associate School of Classic Dances.
For further education there are two tertiary institutes and two national universities. The first ones are Instituto Superior Juan XXIII,
Initial and basic education depend on the Province of Buenos Aires although there is a locally elected Municipal Educational Counselor holding some degree of influence and supervision on both. The system was transformed about ten years ago through the Secretary of Education. What used to be a system with primary (mandatory) and secondary (non-mandatory) education before continuing university studies (the 'French model') became Basic General Education (mandatory) and Polimodal Education (the 'Spanish-Catalan model') although nowadays it is being reviewed and likely to be modified again. Free education is granted by the state although there are semi-private and private schools.
There are reputed provincial Schools of Plastic Arts and Music, free of tuition fees. Foreign languages are taught at public schools at a rather basic level. However, there are local foreign language schools such as the Asociación Bahiense de Cultura Inglesa (English, also taught by many other institutions), the
There are several
Libraries
The main public library, Biblioteca Bernardino Rivadavia,[18] is one of the oldest in the area, possessing a curated collection of around 160,000 books, newspapers, and magazines. In addition, the library of Universidad Nacional del Sur[22] and several smaller council-supported libraries are open to the public.
Museums
There are several museums in the city which include the Port Museum, the History Museum, the Fine Arts Museum and the Contemporary Arts Museum, these last two ones headed by Betiana Gerardi, where permanent and temporary exhibits take place. Pieces of art from reputed local and Argentine artists belonging to the City patrimony are shown. There are at least two known large oils on canvas by Benito Quinquela Martín, one there—at the Museum—and the other in the mayor's office. Other exhibits do regularly take place at Biblioteca Rivadavia, Chamber of Commerce, Casa de la Cultura and Alliance Française, where frequent vernissages are organized on the responsibility of different curators. There are at least two associations of local and regional plastic artists, Asociación de Bahiense de Artistas Plásticos and Asociacion de Artistas del Sur, both of them actively promoting workshops and exhibits throughout the year, also in charge of the organization of multiple cultural activities.
A military museum organised by the Army at its local "Comando del V Cuerpo de Ejército" (V Army Corps Command)
Publications
There is one local and regional newspaper, La Nueva Provincia, as well as regularly published indexed scientific journals such as Revista Científica de la Asociación Médica de Bahía Blanca[24] (Bahía Blanca Medical Association Scientific Journal) in Spanish with abstracts in both Spanish and English. EDIUNS, the publisher of Universidad Nacional del Sur, produces what Scientists, Professors and Lecturers edit facilitating them all the processes related to publishing including copyright procedures which is beneficial for both editors and readers. CREEBBA (the Regional Center for Economic Studies of Bahía Blanca, Argentina) publishes respected, independent reports regarding financial and economical aspects of the city and its area of influence. Written in Spanish, they also comment on national macroeconomic issues.[11]
Shopping
Two shopping centres are located at the outskirts of the city and many shops in the centre itself are quite active and offer a variety of first line goods and products. On weekends, mainly on Saturday there is a craftsmanship fair in the street at Plaza Rivadavia, the main square, where all kinds of handmade goods are available. There is also a variety of megastores, some of them locally and regionally developed competing with branches of international companies. Most of them are open even on Sundays, although this is now under review and local unions have lobbied for businesses and shops to close on Sundays.[25]
Entertainment
Cinemas, discos, a variety of restaurants and pubs are available, many of them overnight. Frequent pieces of theatre, ballet and concerts are offered.
Bahía Blanca has also two zoos: a municipal one, with a variety of species and permanent veterinarians and personnel looking after the animals, and a private one in the outskirts of the town. At the shores close to the city there are recreational places such as "Balneario Maldonado" and "Colón" . The Estuary has been graded and listed as The Natural Reserve of Bahía Blanca, Bahía Falsa and Bahía Verde, including the Islands Zuraitas, Bermejo, Trinidad, Embudo, Wood and smaller ones accounting for an area of 300 square kilometres, by Provincial Law 12101 effective since 1998.[26] Fishing for sharks is becoming an attraction for an increasing number of people, some of whom travel from across the country to do it, in specified areas of the estuary where it is permitted by boat or from small piers in the islands of the bay.
Religion
The vast majority of the inhabitants of the city are
Sports
Facilities for playing
and some other sports are easily available throughout the area. There are two large indoor basketball stadiums with about 3000 to 3500 seats each and three important football stadiums close to the city centre, the largest one with facilities for hosting about 15,000 people.[28] There is one golf club with three courts of 9 holes each, driving range and putting green where courtesy for visiting players is observed. Two more golf courses are available in the area, one in a country club and the other in Puerto Belgrano.Since the 1950s, Bahía has been considered the leading city of Argentine
Two of the best
Healthcare
The
Climate
Bahía Blanca's climate is
Spring and fall are characterized by mild temperatures during the day and cool to cold nights.[34] Normally, the last frost occurs on 1 October while the first frost occurs on 9 May although frosts have been recorded as early as 16 March and as late as 8 November.[36] Although the majority of frosts occurs in June–August, the occurrence of frosts in Spring and Fall can potentially damage crops.[33]
Summers are warm during the day while nights are mild to cool.
Bahia Blanca receives 645.4 mm (25.41 in) of precipitation per year, most of it concentrated in the summer months and there are 79 days with measurable precipitation.[39][40] However, precipitation is highly variable from year to year, with some years receiving over 1,000 mm (39 in) and other years where precipitation is less than 400 mm (16 in).[33][35] The average relative humidity is 64%, with the winter months having higher humidity than the summer months.[39] Winds are moderate throughout the year, with an average wind speed of 24.0 km/h (14.9 mph).[33][35] Most of the winds either come from the north or from the northwest.[33][35] Bahia Blanca receives an average of 2,310.7 hours of bright sunshine per year (about 6.3 hours of sunshine per day or 51% of possible sunshine),[37] ranging from a high of 67% in January (9.7 hours of sunshine per day)[41] to a low of 36% in July (3.6 hours of sunshine per day).[42] The highest recorded temperature was 43.8 °C (110.8 °F) on 21 January 1980 while the lowest recorded temperature was −11.8 °C (10.8 °F) on 4 July 1988.[36]
Climate data for Bahía Blanca airport (1991–2020, extremes 1860–present)
| |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 43.8 (110.8) |
41.3 (106.3) |
40.1 (104.2) |
36.7 (98.1) |
32.8 (91.0) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.0 (80.6) |
32.6 (90.7) |
32.5 (90.5) |
39.0 (102.2) |
38.4 (101.1) |
42.2 (108.0) |
43.8 (110.8) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.2 (88.2) |
29.6 (85.3) |
27.0 (80.6) |
22.0 (71.6) |
17.7 (63.9) |
14.5 (58.1) |
13.9 (57.0) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.9 (66.0) |
22.1 (71.8) |
26.0 (78.8) |
29.7 (85.5) |
22.4 (72.3) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 23.6 (74.5) |
22.1 (71.8) |
19.6 (67.3) |
15.1 (59.2) |
11.4 (52.5) |
8.4 (47.1) |
7.6 (45.7) |
9.6 (49.3) |
11.8 (53.2) |
15.0 (59.0) |
18.7 (65.7) |
22.0 (71.6) |
15.4 (59.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 16.3 (61.3) |
15.2 (59.4) |
13.4 (56.1) |
9.4 (48.9) |
6.4 (43.5) |
3.5 (38.3) |
2.4 (36.3) |
4.1 (39.4) |
5.6 (42.1) |
8.5 (47.3) |
11.6 (52.9) |
14.5 (58.1) |
9.2 (48.6) |
Record low °C (°F) | 2.4 (36.3) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
0.5 (32.9) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 66.2 (2.61) |
69.4 (2.73) |
70.6 (2.78) |
53.2 (2.09) |
41.5 (1.63) |
32.6 (1.28) |
32.4 (1.28) |
31.7 (1.25) |
45.0 (1.77) |
69.5 (2.74) |
62.3 (2.45) |
64.7 (2.55) |
639.1 (25.16) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 6.9 | 6.5 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 6.2 | 8.8 | 7.2 | 6.6 | 78.4 |
Average snowy days | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
53.0 | 59.4 | 65.3 | 69.9 | 75.2 | 73.4 | 72.3 | 67.0 | 65.2 | 64.9 | 58.1 | 52.0 | 64.6 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 310.0 | 262.7 | 248.0 | 198.0 | 161.2 | 138.0 | 148.8 | 176.7 | 195.0 | 235.6 | 273.0 | 313.1 | 2,660.1 |
Mean daily sunshine hours | 10.0 | 9.3 | 8.0 | 6.6 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 7.6 | 9.1 | 10.1 | 7.3 |
Percent possible sunshine | 67 | 66 | 52 | 57 | 40 | 38 | 36 | 44 | 44 | 49 | 58 | 58 | 51 |
Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[43][44][45][46] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows),[47] Oficina de Riesgo Agropecuario (record lows),[36] UNLP (percent sun only 1971–1980)[48] |
Consulates
The city is the seat of several foreign consulates including the Spanish,[49] Italian[50] and Chilean.[51] There are also Honorary Consulates of France,[52] Denmark, Norway and the Netherlands.
Notable residents
- Alfio Basile (born 1943) World Club champion with Racing Club and former Argentinian Football Coach
- Daniel Bertoni (1955), 1978 FIFA World Cup champion.
- Cecilia Bouzat (born 1961), biochemist, and listed as one of 100 Women (BBC)
- Italo Jose Dejter (born 1939), mathematician and a retired professor of computer science
- Claudio Graf (born 1976), football striker and coach
- NBA player and 2004 Olympic Gold medalist
- Nicolás Katz (born 1998), footballer who plays as a forward
- Héctor Libertella (1945–2006), writer
- Lautaro Martínez (born 1997), 2022 FIFA World Cup champion.
- César Milstein (1927–2002), Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- Rodrigo Palacio (born 1982), footballer who plays as a forward
- Carlos di Sarli (1903–1960) was an Argentine tango musician, orchestra leader, composer and pianist.
- Ezequiel Skverer (born 1989), Israeli-Argentinian basketball player
See also
References
- ^ "La primera circunnavegación de la tierra" [The first circumnavigation of the world] (in Spanish). Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
- ^ Falkner, Tomas. "Descripción de Patagonia y de las partes adyacentes de la América meridional, que contiene una razón del suelo, producciones, animales, valles, montañas, ríos, lagunas... / escrita en inglés por Tomas Falkner, que residió cerca de 40 años en aquellas partes" [Description of Patagonia and adjacent parts of South America, which contains a ratio of soil, production, animals, valleys, mountains, rivers, ponds... / written in English by Tomas Falkner, who lived about 40 years in those parts]. Cervantesvirtual.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 July 2015.
- ^ "BREVE HISTORIA DE LA BASE NAVAL DE PUERTO BELGRANO - Indice" [BRIEF HISTORY OF THE NAVAL BASE OF PUERTO BELGRANO - Index]. Histarmar.com.ar (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 July 2015.
- ^ "Destituyeron al intendente de Bahía Blanca". La Nación. 24 August 2006. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- ^ "Puerto de Bahía Blanca -".
- ^ "Bahía Blanca". Archived from the original on 19 May 2006. Retrieved 19 August 2006.
- ^ "Profertil Institucional".
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- ^ "Cargill: Grain". Archived from the original on 5 October 2006. Retrieved 19 August 2006.
- ^ "El proyecto ferrocarril Transandino del Sur". Archived from the original on 11 June 2007. Retrieved 19 August 2006.
- ^ a b "CREEBBA - Centro Regional de Estudios Económicos de Bahía Blanca Argentina".
- ^ "La Nueva".[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b El tren que no llega: Bahía sigue sin el servicio by Pablo Álvarez on La Nueva, 27 Nov 2023
- ^ a b Estación Bahía Blanca al Noroeste, la pérdida de la estación más popular by Mario Minervino on Obras y Protagonistas
- ^ Rafael S疣chez S疇z : La Web de Golf. "La Web de Golf: CLUB DE GOLF PALIHUE (Argentina)". Archived from the original on 3 November 2006. Retrieved 19 August 2006.
- ^ "Inicio".
- ^ "La Nueva". Archived from the original on 20 August 2006.
- ^ a b "Asociación Bernardino Rivadavia". Archived from the original on 23 August 2006. Retrieved 19 August 2006.
- ^ "Instituto Superior Juan XXIII".
- ^ "Universidad Tecnológica Nacional - Facultad Bahía Blanca - Inicio". www.frbb.utn.edu.ar.
- ^ "Universidad Nacional del Sur - Sitio oficial".
- ^ "Biblioteca Central de la Universidad Nacional del Sur".
- ^ http://www.vtocuerpo.ejercito.mil.ar Archived 23 December 2005 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Bienvenidos a la Asociación Médica de Bahía Blanca". Asociación Médica de Bahía Blanca. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
- ^ "Buscan avanzar con el cierre comercial de los domingos". Asamblea de Pequeños y Medianos Empresarios (APYME). 12 August 2006. Archived from the original on 8 October 2007.
- ^ "Ecoturismolatino / Guía de Parques y Areas Protegidas / Argentina / Reserva Natural Bahía". Archived from the original on 2 September 2006. Retrieved 20 August 2006.
- ^ "La Nueva". Archived from the original on 10 October 2007.
- ^ "World Stadiums - Stadiums in Argentina". Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 27 August 2006.
- ^ Compages - Diseño e Ingeniería Web. "Hasta febrero no vuelvo". Archived from the original on 18 June 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
- ^ "Inicio - Hospital Penna". Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 20 August 2006.
- ^ "Hospital Municipal de Agudos | Historia". www.hmabb.gov.ar. Archived from the original on 13 April 2003. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
- ^ "Gobierno de Bahía Blanca".
- ^ a b c d e f "Caracterización climática de Bahía Blanca" (PDF) (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional del Sur. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d e "Datos Estadísticos (Período 1981-1990)" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d e "Características generales de Bahía Blanca" (in Spanish). Municipalidad de Bahía Blanca. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires". Estadísticas meteorológicas decadiales (in Spanish). Oficina de Riesgo Agropecuario. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
- ^ a b "Datos bioclimáticos de 173 localidades argentinas–Anuales". Atlas Bioclimáticos (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
- ^ Biogeography and Ecology in South America 1969, p. 73.
- ^ a b "BAHIA BLANCA AERO Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
- ^ "Valores Medios de Temperatura y Precipitación-Buenos Aires: Bahia Blanca" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
- ^ "Datos bioclimáticos de 173 localidades argentinas–Enero". Atlas Bioclimáticos (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
- ^ "Datos bioclimáticos de 173 localidades argentinas–Julio". Atlas Bioclimáticos (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
- ^ "Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales - período 1991-2020" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
- ^ "Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales – período 1991–2020" (PDF) (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. 2023. Archived from the original on 8 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
- ^ "Estadística climatológica de la República Argentina Período 1991-2000" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original on 9 May 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2023.
- ^ "Clima en la Argentina: Guia Climática por Bahía Blanca Aero". Caracterización: Estadísticas de largo plazo (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
- ^ "Station Bahia Blanca" (in French). Météo Climat. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
- ^ "Datos bioclimáticos de 173 localidades argentinas". Atlas Bioclimáticos (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
- ^ "Páginas - Consulado de España en Bahia Blanca".
- ^ "Consolato Generale - Bahia Blanca".
- ^ http://www.conchilebahiablanca.com.ar Archived 10 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 August 2006.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
Books
- Fittkau, E.; Illies, J.; Klinge, H.; Schwabe, G. (1969). Biogeography and Ecology in South America. Springer. ISBN 9789401197311.
External links
- (in Spanish) The Administration of the City