Bahrani Arabic

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Not to be confused with Bahraini Gulf Arabic.
Bahrani Arabic
Baharna Arabic
Bahrani Shīʿite Arabic
العربية البحرانية
Native toBahrain, Saudi Arabia[1]
EthnicityBaharna
Native speakers
730,000 (2019)[1]
Dialects
  • Qatifi
Arabic alphabet, Arabic chat alphabet
Language codes
ISO 639-3abv
Glottologbaha1259

Bahrani Arabic (also known as Bahrani or Baharna Arabic) is a

the Baharna in Eastern Arabia and Oman.[2] In Bahrain, the dialect is primarily spoken in Shia villages and some parts of Manama. In Saudi Arabia, the dialect is spoken in the governorate of Qatif. In Oman, it is spoken in the governorates of Al Dhahirah and Al Batinah
.

The Bahrani Arabic dialect has been significantly influenced by the ancient Aramaic, Syriac, and Akkadian languages.[3][4]

An interesting sociolinguistic feature of Bahrain is the existence of two main dialects: Bahrani and Sunni Arabic.[5] Sunni Bahrainis speak a dialect which is most similar to urban dialect spoken in Qatar.

The Persian language has debatably the most foreign linguistic influence on all the Bahraini dialects.[6] The differences between Bahrani Arabic and other Bahraini dialects suggest differing historical origins. The main differences between Bahrani and non-Bahrani dialects are evident in certain grammatical forms and pronunciation. Most of the vocabulary, however, is shared between dialects, or is distinctly Bahraini, arising from a shared modern history. Many Bahrani words have also been borrowed from Urdu, Ottoman Turkish, or English.

Examples of words borrowed from other languages

  • bānka 'ceiling fan' from Persian
  • sōmān 'equipment' from Urdu.
  • lētar 'lighter' from English.
  • wīl 'wheel' from English
  • tēm 'time' from English
  • dareesha 'window' from
    Ottoman Turkish
  • dowshag 'mattress' from Persian
  • orradi 'already' from English
  • leitāt 'lights' from English

Bahrani dialect has borrowed some vocabulary from

Ottoman Turkish, and more recently from English
.

Features

Holes divides the sedentary dialects of the Gulf to two types:

  1. Type A, which includes the dialects of Sunni tribes that settled in Eastern Arabia between the 17th and 19th century, and
    the Huwala. This group includes the standard Gulf Arabic dialects
    of Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and UAE.
  2. Type B, which includes the dialects of Omani Ibadis and Eastern Arabian Shia (the Baharna).

Bahrani Arabic (called Baħrāni by its speakers) shares many features with surrounding Type A dialects (e.g. Kuwait, UAE, Qatar). Some general features:

Phonology

Bahrani Arabic consonants[7]
Labial Dental Denti-alveolar Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
plain emphatic plain emphatic
Nasal
 m
n
Plosive
voiceless
t
 		tˤ tʃ k q ʔ
voiced
 b
d
 		dˤ dʒ ɡ
Fricative
voiceless
 f θ
s
 		sˤ ʃ x ħ h
voiced
 ð
z
 		ɣ ʕ
Trill
r
Approximant
l
 		j w
Bahrani Arabic vowels[7]
Front Back
Close i iː u uː
Mid (e) eː (o) oː
Open a aː ɑ ɑː

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Bahrani Arabic at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  2. ^ "Arabic, Baharna Spoken". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2013-07-29.
  3. ISBN 9783447044912. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
  4. ISBN 9004107630. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
  5. ^ Bassiouney, Reem (2009). "5". Arabic Sociolinguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 105–107.
  6. ISBN 90-04-10763-0
  7. ^
    ISBN 0-7103-0024-7
    .

Further reading

External links

Bahrani Arabic test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahrani_Arabic&oldid=1197755013"