Balak

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other uses, see Balak (disambiguation).
Balak
Zippor (father)
RelativesEglon (grandson)
ReligionChemosh
NationalityMoab
Birth placeKingdom of Moab
Death placeKingdom of Moab

Balak (

Zippor
.

In the preceding chapter of Numbers,

Canaanites at a place named Hormah, as well as the Amorites and the people of Bashan, and next approached Moab. The biblical narrative stresses the fears of the people of Moab, who were 'exceedingly afraid' and 'sick with dread' (NKJV) or 'terrified' (GNT).[5] Their fears appear to relate to the size of the Israelite population and the consequent resource depletion
which could be expected if they were permitted to occupy Moabite land.

Balak initially conferred with his

Midianite allies[6] in order to block Israelite settlement, before sending his elders (along with Midianite elders) to seek Balaam's curse on them. The Midianites appear to have been co-located with the Moabites - according to the Targum of Jonathan, they were one alliance of people at this time[7]
and therefore had a common interest in preventing Israelite settlement of the area.

After his mission with Balaam to curse Israelites failed, Balak decided to ally with

Midianites to gather their women in order to lead Israelites
men astray in adultery.

Sources detailing the story of Balak:

According to the Pulpit Commentary, Balak seems to be mentioned by name on a papyrus in the British Museum;[8] Gardiner and Caminos, however, transcribe and translate this name as Baꜥalry.[9][10] In 2019, Israel Finkelstein, Nadav Na'aman and Thomas Römer proposed the common reading of "House of David" in the Mesha Stele is actually "Balak".

The Zohar

The

magical metal bird which Balak made use of. As the Zohar recounts, such a bird has a head made of gold, a mouth made of silver and wings made of copper mixed with silver, and its body is made of gold; once the bird is made, it should be put during the day in a window facing the Sun and during the night in a window facing the Moon, while burning incense in front of it for seven days and seven nights. Thereupon, the bird would start talking and foretelling of what is about to happen. Only the most skilled of wizards could construct such a bird. Balak, the greatest wizard of his age, managed it. The bird was always sitting on Balak's shoulder and whispering in his ear, and therefore he was nicknamed "Son of the Bird". The Zohar further recounts that the bird spoke true words of prophecy in Balak's ear and warned him not to set himself against the Sons of Israel, and also foretold of the harsh punishment in store for himself and for the Moabits. Nevertheless, Balak persisted in his wrong way and was punished exactly as the bird foretold.[11]

New Testament

Revelation 2:12 - 2:14 refers to Balak.[12]

Apocrypha

Balak is mentioned in chapter 10 of 2 Meqabyan, a book considered canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church.[13]

Weekly Torah Portion

Balak is the name of the weekly parshah or portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading, constituting Numbers 22:2–25:9
which tells the story of Balak.

Etymology

There are various proposed etymologies for the name Balak, all having to do with children or "waste" - The name Balak is in modern times claimed to come from the sparsely used Hebrew verb (balaq), waste or lay waste (Isaiah 24:1,3; Jeremiah 51:2). There are no derivations of this verb besides this name.[citation needed] Other proposals are: Devastator (BDB Theological Dictionary), Empty (NOBS Study Bible Name List), or Wasting (Jones' Dictionary of Old Testament Proper Names).

References

  1. ISBN 0-684-81913-9
    .
  2. ^ Num 22:1–22:5
  3. ^ Num 22:21–22:35
  4. ^ Numbers 21
  5. ^ Num 22:3
  6. ^ Num 22:4
  7. ^ Gill's Exposition of the Bible http://biblehub.com/numbers/22-4.htm accessed 24 June 2015
  8. ^ "Numbers 22 Pulpit Commentary". biblehub.com. Retrieved 21 June 2015.
  9. ^ Gardiner, A.H. (1937). Late-Egyptian Miscellanies. Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca. Édition de la Fondation égyptologique Reine Élisabeth. p. 31. Retrieved 2024-02-10.
  10. ISBN 978-0-318-79978-0
    . Retrieved 2024-02-10.
  11. Balak
    Weekly Torah Portion.
  12. ^ Rev 2:12–1:2:14
  13. ^ "Torah of Yeshuah: Book of Meqabyan I - III".
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