Balliol College, Oxford
Balliol College | ||||||||||||||||||
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Oxford | ||||||||||||||||||
Location | Master Dame Helen Ghosh | | ||||||||||||||||
Undergraduates | 366 (2017–18)[2] | |||||||||||||||||
Postgraduates | 359[2] | |||||||||||||||||
Endowment | £119.1 million (2018)[3] | |||||||||||||||||
Website | www | |||||||||||||||||
Boat club | Balliol College Boat Club | |||||||||||||||||
Map | ||||||||||||||||||
Balliol College (/ˈbeɪliəl/)[4] is a constituent college of the University of Oxford.[5] Founded in 1263 by John I de Balliol,[6] it has a claim to be the oldest college in Oxford and the English-speaking world.[7]
Members of Balliol have been awarded 13
History
Foundation and origins
Balliol College was founded in about 1263 by
Balliol lays claim to being the oldest Oxford college, though this is disputed by both University College and Merton. Balliol's claim is that a house of scholars was established by the founder in Oxford in around 1263, in contrast to Merton, which was the first college to be granted an official statute in 1274, and University College, which, while provisionally founded by will in 1249, was only officially established around 1280. However, Balliol also acknowledges that the other two have legitimate claims on their respective bases, depending on what criteria are used to define the oldest.[16][17]
New Inn Hall
Under a statute of 1881,
The Masque of Balliol
In 1880, seven mischievous Balliol undergraduates published The Masque of B-ll--l, a broadsheet of forty quatrains making light of their superiors – the master and selected fellows, scholars, and commoners – and themselves. The outraged authorities immediately suppressed the collection, and only a few copies survived, three of which found their way into the college library over the years, and one into the Bodleian Library. Verses of this form are now known as Balliol rhymes.[citation needed]
The best known of these rhymes is the one on Benjamin Jowett. This has been widely quoted and reprinted in virtually every book about Jowett and about Balliol ever since.[citation needed]
First come I.
My name is J-W-TT.
There's no knowledge but I know it.
I am Master of this College,
What I don't know isn't knowledge.
This and 18 others are attributed to
William Tuckwell included 18 of these quatrains in his Reminiscences in 1900, but they all came out only in 1939, thanks to Walter George Hiscock, an Oxford librarian, who issued them personally then and in a second edition in 1955.[20]
Women at Balliol
For over 700 years, Balliol College admitted men only. New College had in 1964 resolved to admit women, but had been prevented from doing so without the approval of the university, which argued that this would be detrimental to the existing women's colleges. On 2 June 1971, a consilium at Balliol voted 26–2 to admit women, and at the next college meeting on 6 December 1971 it was resolved 30–8 to admit women "as soon as the change in its Statutes permitting this was approved by the Privy Council". Permission was granted by the university on 8 March 1977. With the appointment of Carol Clark to a Tutorial Fellowship in Modern Languages in 1973, Balliol became the first ancient all-male college to appoint a female fellow.[21]
Before the full admission of women as undergraduates, the college had decided to establish a co-educational graduate institution. The decision was made on 16 March 1964, and the senior tutor approached
In 1979, along with many other previously all-male colleges, Balliol accepted its first cohort of female students.
In 2018, Dame Helen Ghosh succeeded Sir Drummond Bone to become the college's first female master.[27] In the same year, Dame Frances Kirwan became the twentieth Savilian Professor of Geometry and the first woman to hold that post.[28]
Between the years of 2015 and 2017, 39.4% of UK undergraduates admitted to Balliol were women.[29]
In 2021, students sent an open letter to the College and protested regarding their welfare following an alleged incident of sexual assault on a female graduate student that was covered by Al Jazeera English.[30][31]
Buildings and grounds
The college has been on its present site since its inception by Balliol's scholars as their residence with a lease dating to 1263 to them being the traditional "foundation" date.[citation needed]
Front quadrangle
The oldest parts of the college are the north and west ranges of the front quadrangle, dated to 1431, respectively the medieval hall, west side, now the "new library" and the "old library" first floor north side. The ground floor is the Old Senior Common Room. Balliol's second library pre-dates the publication of printed books in Europe. There is a possibility that the original Master's Chamber, south west side, adorned with a fine oriel window, is earlier than these; it is now the Master's Dining Room.[citation needed]
Alfred Waterhouse designed the main Broad Street frontage of the college (1867–68), along with gateway and tower, known as the Brackenbury Buildings after philanthropist and donor Hannah Brackenbury, replacing earlier structures (Staircases I–VII). The first staircase next to the Chapel contains the Organ Scholar's lodgings.[citation needed]
Garden Quadrangle
South-side is the front part of the Master's Lodgings on Broad Street from the Waterhouse improvements of the 1860s of the front quad. The neighbour to this is the Fisher Building of 1759 (Stc X) The undistinguished looking Stc XI, south west side, is in fact the oldest structure in this quadrangle, 1720, originally intended as accommodation for scholars from Bristol, hence its name. Continuing the west-side Stc XII–XIV dates from 1826, by George Basevi, and marks the beginnings of the college's academic renaissance being required for the increasing number of Commoners applying for places. Stc XV by Warren of 1912 filled in the last gap of the quadrangle; the ground floor and basement is the principal Junior Common Room. This unfortunately obscures the lines of the Salvin designed Stc XVI–XIX with Tower of 1853. As does the 1968 building by Beard Stc XX, replacing a Victorian structure. This completely hides a formal gateway similar to that at the Broad Street main entrance, this can be viewed outside from Little Magdalen Street, through the gap marked XIX one finds the small function room "Massey Room". At north side, of Stc XX is the "Back Gate" which is part of the 1906 Warren building, west and north side, Stc XXI. 1 St Giles' is its neighbour which is part of the college and houses the Oxford Internet Institute. Beard's Stc XXII replaces Victorian rooms, which were provided from the Vivian Bulkeley-Johnson benefaction. Beard's Stc XX and XXII are connected by the Snell Bridge accommodation at third-floor level, which was provided from Glasgow University's Snell Benefaction.[citation needed]
The college's dining hall was built in 1877, replacing an older hall in the front quadrangle, which had become too small for the college's population.[33] Designed by Alfred Waterhouse,[34] the hall is built in geometric style, using Bath stone and Tisbury stone, with roof and woodwork made of oak.[33] The hall features a Willis organ, again instituted by Benjamin Jowett.[35] The old hall became part of the library.[36]
The ground floor contains the college bar and shop, known as "The Buttery" (west side) and the Senior Common Room lunch room (east side). The 1966 new Senior Common Room range (Stc XXIII) (northern and eastern sides) was a benefaction of the Bernard Sunley Foundation and contains some smaller rooms and the principal SCR lounge, replacing Victorian facilities. Below this is a Lecture Room ("LR XXIII").[citation needed]
The east side of the quad is a neighbouring wall with Trinity College, at the southern end is the Master's Garden, in front of the chapel, and the Fellows' Garden in front of the "Old" (Senior) Common Room. The Tower forming the corner between the "Old Hall" and "Old Library" is also by Salvin, of 1853 and balances that at Stc XVI–XIX.[citation needed]
Underneath part of the Garden Quad and extending into Trinity were the
The Garden Quad at Balliol is the scene of the well-known[
There was a young man who said, God
Must think it exceedingly odd
If he finds that this tree
Still continues to be
When there's no one about in the Quad.
and also of the response, by the Balliol-educated Catholic theologian and Bible translator Ronald Knox, which more accurately reflects Berkeley's own beliefs:
Dear Sir, your astonishment's odd:
I am always about in the Quad.
And that's why the tree
Will continue to be,
Since observed by, Yours faithfully, GOD.
Holywell Manor, Manor Road and Jowett Walk
The majority of research and post-graduate students are housed in the
The 20th century saw several further additions to the college's accommodation, the Martin Building of 1966 ('Holywell Minor, a reference to Holywell Manor, across the road) and the Dellal Building (1986) for graduates on Manor Road.[citation needed]
Many undergraduates and some graduates live in buildings on Jowett Walk a phased development 1996–2004 (Phase 1 completed September 1996, Phase 2 completed July 2004),[39] containing a small theatre facility, the Michael Pilch Studio, five minutes' walking distance from the main college site; these two developments are on the outskirts of the Master's Field, the sports ground and pavilion facilities of the college. Jowett Walk has also provided accommodation for some non-Balliol undergraduates, as part of an arrangement with Wadham College, Oxford.[citation needed]
From 2010,
In 2017, the college entered into a specialised financial arrangement which enabled it to project a new 200 plus 'study-bedsits' accommodation range at the Master's Field/ Jowett Walk/ St Cross Road site which would also replace the Eastman Professor's House, Martin and Dellal buildings there. This would mean a net increase of approximately 140 rooms fulfilling the college's long-term intention of providing accommodation to all its undergraduates for all their Degree terms and also some rooms for Dons.[citation needed]
The project includes ten new buildings and a new sports pavilion, including a space for dining, events, spectators and squash courts in the basement. The first building opened in spring 2019 and the completion and occupation of the rest is due by January 2021. In the first phase, work began on the south of the site, at the corner of Jowett Walk and St Cross Road, to provide the accommodation for undergraduates and the new pavilion.[citation needed]
Oxford Internet Institute
Balliol College, and its previous Master
Student life
Facilities
The college provides its students with facilities including accommodation, the Hall (refectory), a
The majority of undergraduates are housed within the main college or in the modern annexes (Jowett Walk buildings) around the sports ground. The graduates are housed mainly within Holywell Manor which has its own bar, gardens, common room, gym and computing facilities.[citation needed]
Traditions and customs
Along with many of the ancient colleges, Balliol has evolved its own traditions and customs over the centuries, many of which occupy a regular calendar slot.
The
The MCR has one black-tie dinner each term: the Christmas Dinner in Michaelmas,
By far the most eccentric event is The Nepotists carol-singing event organised by the college's Arnold and Brackenbury Society. This event happens on the last Friday of Michaelmas term each year. On this occasion, Balliol students congregate in the college hall to enjoy mulled wine and the singing of carols. The evening historically ended with a rendition of "The Gordouli" (see Balliol–Trinity rivalry below) on Broad Street, outside the gates of Trinity College, although in recent years the song has been sung from within the college walls.[citation needed]
A college society which no longer survives is the Hysteron Proteron Club, which aimed to live one day of each term backwards.[41]
Tortoises
Balliol also takes pride in its college tortoises. The original tortoise, who lived at the college for at least 43 years, was known as Rosa, named after the
Balliol–Trinity rivalry
For many years, there has been a traditional and fierce
In college folklore, the rivalry goes back to the late 17th century, when Ralph Bathurst, President of Trinity, was supposedly observed throwing stones at Balliol's windows.[44] In fact, in its modern form, the rivalry appears to date from the late 1890s, when the chant or song known as a "Gordouli" began to be sung from the Balliol side.[45]
The traditional words run:[46]
Gordouli
Face like a ham,
Bobby Johnson says so
And he should know.
The shouting of chants over the wall is still known as "a Gordouli", and the tradition continues as the students gather to sing following boat club dinners and other events. The traditional Gordouli is said to have been sung by Balliol and Trinity men in the trenches of Mesopotamia in the First World War.[47]
Balliol became known for its radicalism and political activism in the 20th century, and saw an abortive coup in the 1960s in which students took over the college and declared it "the People's Republic of Balliol".[48] The contrast between the radical tendencies of many Balliol students and the traditional conservatism and social exclusivity of Trinity gave the rivalry an extra edge. The fact that Balliol (in contrast to Trinity) had admitted a number of Indian and Asiatic students also gave many of the taunts from the Trinity side a distinctly racist tone: Balliol students, for example, were sometime referred to as "Basutos".[49]
In
One of the wittier raids from Balliol, in 1962 or 1963, involved the turfing of the whole of Trinity
People associated with Balliol
Notable people
Balliol has produced a wide range of figures who have contributed deeply to public life. Balliol people were, for example, prominent in establishing the
Nobel Prize winners
Balliol has produced 12 Nobel Laureates with 13 wins in total, of which 5 were students and 7 were fellows of the college.
Name | Field | Year |
---|---|---|
Linus Pauling | Chemistry | 1954 |
Cyril Norman Hinshelwood
|
Chemistry | 1956 |
George Beadle | Physiology or Medicine | 1958 |
Linus Pauling | Peace | 1962 |
John Hicks | Economics | 1972 |
Gunnar Myrdal | Economics | 1974 |
Baruch S. Blumberg
|
Physiology or Medicine | 1976 |
John Van Vleck
|
Physics | 1977 |
Robert Solow | Economics | 1987 |
Norman Ramsey
|
Physics | 1989 |
William D. Phillips
|
Physics | 1997 |
Anthony J. Leggett
|
Physics | 2003 |
Oliver Smithies | Physiology or Medicine | 2007 |
Science
Balliol played an important role in early modern science:
- The early Newtonian David Gregory was "the first to openly teach the doctrines of the Principia, in a public seminary" and was elected Savilian Professor of Astronomy, due in large part to the influence of Isaac Newton
- Hart Hall, started performing experiments based on Newton's findings
- The mathematician James Stirling, best remembered for Stirling's approximation for factorials, was a Snell and Warner exhibitioner expelled in 1715 for his correspondence with Jacobites
- aberration of light and the nutation of the Earth's axis, who was placed (after Hipparchus and Kepler) "above the greatest astronomers of all ages and all countries" by Delambre and was appointed Savilian Professor of Astronomy, eventually becoming the third Astronomer Royal in 1742[57]
Evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins was a Balliol student from 1959 to 1962.[58]
Politics
Balliol has produced four
Other senior leadership positions:
- Jo Grimond
- Denis Healey
- Yvette Cooper
- Roy Jenkins
- George Nathaniel Curzon
- Alfred Milner
Current politically prominent alumni:
International leaders:
- Richard von Weizsäcker, President of Germany from 1984 to 1994, considered the most popular of Germany's presidents, who oversaw the reunification of Germany
- country's independence movementand transition from British rule into an independent, democratic nation
- Abdullah Bishara, first secretary general of the Gulf Cooperation Council (1981-1993) who played a vital role during the first Gulf War, former Kuwait representative to the United Nations (1971-1981)
Royal alumni:
- Empress Masako of Japan
- Olav V of Norway, (after whose donation of expanding the JCR is named the Norway Room)
- His son and current king Harald V of Norway
Political journalists:
- The Financial Times's associate editor Stephen Bush
- The Guardian's chief arts writer Charlotte Higgins
- Columnist and Labour communications specialist Seumas Milne
- The Times Columnist David Aaronovitch
- Christopher Hitchens
Law
- US Supreme Court justices of the twentieth century, he was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciencesin 1960
- Law Lord of the United Kingdom, described by Nick Phillipsas "head and shoulders above everybody else in the Law in my view…yes just outstanding…his clarity of thought, his academic knowledge. I think almost everyone would say that he was, you know, the great lawyer of his generation"
- Brian Hutton and Alan Rodger held equivalent positions in Northern Ireland and Scotland, at one point, all three simultaneously
- Cressida Dick is the immediate past Commissioner of the London Metropolitan Police, the first woman to hold this role
Literature
- Robert Southey, Poet Laureate chiefly remembered today for the original version of "Goldilocks and the Three Bears"
The height of Baliol's literary influence came in the Victorian era, when virtually all major poets had some connection with Balliol:
- imageryand nature; by 1930 Hopkins's work was seen as one of the most original literary advances of his century
- Matthew Arnold, influential poet and critic
- A.C. Swinburne, who was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature every year from 1903 to 1909
Of 20th century writers:
- Ronald Knox, Catholic Priest, crime writer and translator of the Knox Bible, which was called "an exceptional achievement both of scholarship and of literary dedication" by Archbishop of Canterbury, Rowan Williams
- Graham Greene, regarded as one of the leading novelists of the 20th century, shortlisted for the Nobel Prize in Literature several times
- Joseph Macleod, one of the earliest interpreters of Chekhov in the UK, whom Basil Bunting claimed was the most important living British poet, while also gaining admiration from Pound
- Anthony Powell, associate of Orwell who wrote A Dance to the Music of Time, ranked 36th on the BBC list of 100 greatest British novels[63]
- Robertson Davies, one of Canada's best known and most popular authors and one of its most distinguished "men of letters"
- Modern Library 100 Best Novelsof the 20th century
- Aldous Huxley, author of Brave New World and The Doors of Perception, widely acknowledged as one of the foremost intellectuals of his time, nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature nine times, and elected Companion of Literature by the Royal Society of Literature in 1962
- Franco-English writer Hilaire Belloc
Among contemporary writers:
- Gwyneth Lewis, MBE (born 1959), is a Welsh poet, who was the inaugural National Poet of Wales in 2005
- sinologist, known for his translation of Chinese classics like The Art of War, the I Ching and the Tao Te Ching
In terms of critics, Balliol has produced
Philosophy
Notable Balliol philosophers include:
- Adam Smith, a pioneer in the thinking of political economy and key figure of the Scottish Enlightenment, regarded as "The Father of Economics" or "The Father of Capitalism"
- social liberal politicians, often Balliol alumni, such as Herbert Samuel and H. H. Asquith
Like most philosophy faculties in the Anglosphere, contemporary thought at Balliol is firmly grounded in the so-called analytic tradition:
- J. L. Austin, a leading proponent of ordinary language philosophy
- Charles Taylor, the first president of the Oxford Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
- humanist", who Martin Hollissaid had "a good claim to be the leading British philosopher of his day"
- Derek Parfit, widely considered one of the most important and influential moral philosophers of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, whose first book, Reasons and Persons has been described as the most significant work of moral philosophy since the 1800s
- Oxfordfrom 1989 to 1994, who revised the Oxford Aristotle, universally recognized as the standard English version, in light of modern scholarship
Other notable contemporary philosophers include
Sport
Balliol has also contributed to the sporting world; I. A. K. Pataudi and his son Tiger Pataudi, both India cricket captains and the 8th and 9th Nawabs of Pataudi respectively, were both Balliol graduates who played for the university. US Olympian rower Caryn Davies received her MBA at Balliol.
Other
Howard Marks, a convicted drug dealer and later author, attended Balliol between 1964 and 1967 to study physics and then again between 1968 and 1969 to study History and Philosophy of Science. Ghislaine Maxwell, the British socialite who was convicted of sex trafficking of children for Jeffrey Epstein in 2021,[67] graduated from Balliol[68] in 1985.[69]
The first transgender hereditary peer, Matilda Simon, 3rd Baroness Simon of Wythenshawe, graduated from Balliol with a bachelor's degree and a doctor of philosophy.[70]
The first person documented to brew coffee in England, Nathaniel Canopius, was a Cretan student at Balliol from 1637 to 1648.[71]
Chancellors of the University of Oxford
Balliol members have predominated as holders of the office of
- George Nathaniel Curzon
- Harold Macmillan
- Roy Jenkins
- Chris Patten
The last two being opposed in their election by
-
Shoghi Effendi, Guardian of the Baháʼí Faith
-
Aldous Huxley, writer and philosopher
-
Adam Smith, economist and author
Academics and Fellows
As with all colleges, Balliol has a more or less permanent set of teaching staff, known as Fellows. The college statutes provide for various categories of Fellows and these include both tutorial fellows and professorial fellows. Professorial fellows are those professors and readers of the university who are allocated to the college by the university. One of these professorships is the Beit Professor of Commonwealth History, which is currently held by James Belich. The Professorship of Internet Studies is currently held by political scientist Philip N. Howard. Other professorships include the Boden Professor of Sanskrit and the Montague Burton Professor of International Relations. Official Fellows are those who hold tutorial or administrative appointments in the college. There are also senior and junior research fellows. The college can also elect "distinguished persons" to honorary fellowships.[citation needed]
The fellows are supplemented by academics on short-term contracts. In addition, there are visiting international academics who come to Oxford for periods of up to a year, an example of this is the George Eastman Visiting Professorial Fellowship.[72]
Masters
Balliol College is run by the master and fellows of the college. The master of the college must be "the person who is, in their [the Fellows] judgement, most fit for the government of the College as a place of religion, learning, and education". colleges.
Although the rules in no way suggest there is a preference for an alumnus or Fellow of the college to be chosen there have been few who were not, only one in the 20th century had no previous connection. A former student of the college, Baruch Blumberg, was the first American master and the first Nobel Laureate, receiving his prize in medicine for the identification of the hepatitis B virus. The former Master of Balliol, Sir Drummond Bone, was a post-graduate student there (Snell Exhibitioner from Glasgow University) and a scholar of the Romantic poet Lord Byron, and held the post from October 2011 to April 2018, following his retirement as Vice-Chancellor of the University of Liverpool in 2008.[74]
References
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- ^ a b "Student statistics". University of Oxford. 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
- ^ "Balliol College : Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2018" (PDF). Ox.ac.uk. p. 22. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
- ^ "Colleges - University of Oxford". Ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
- ^ "Balliol College | University of Oxford". www.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
- ^ Sir Charles Edward Mallet (1968). A History of the University of Oxford: The mediaeval university and the colleges founded in the Middle Ages. Barnes & Noble. p. 83.
- ^ "History". Balliol College, University of Oxford.
- ^ "Balliol College: The 750th Anniversary and Beyond" (PDF).
- ^ "Award winners | University of Oxford". www.ox.ac.uk.
- ^ "Harald 5". Snl.no. 17 April 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2019.,
- from the original on 21 July 2020. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ISBN 978-0-19-878445-6. Archivedfrom the original on 19 July 2021. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
- ^ "New building named after Aldous Huxley". Balliol College, University of Oxford. 14 December 2021. Archived from the original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
- ^ "History". Balliol College, University of Oxford. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
- ISBN 9780199201815. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
- ^ "Q & A: oldest established". Balliolarchivist.wordpress.com. 6 October 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
- ISBN 9780199243563.
- ^ a b "Library History". Balliol College, Oxford. 10 February 2010.
- ^ "Balliol Archives - tracing a Balliol man". Balliol College, Oxford.
- ^ "The Balliol rhymes" by Walter George Hiscock
- ^ "Obituary for Carol Clark - Balliol College, University of Oxford". Balliol.ox.ac.uk. 22 June 2015.
- ^ "Balliol Women: Some Alumnae of the College | Balliol College, University of Oxford". Balliol.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
- ^ "Women at Balliol sundial unveiled - Balliol College, University of Oxford". Balliol.ox.ac.uk.
- ^ "Portrait unveiled in Hall - Balliol College, University of Oxford". Balliol.ox.ac.uk. 26 November 2012.
- ^ "Unveiling of portrait of Professor Frances Kirwan in Hall". Balliol College News. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ^ Leech, Emma (30 March 2017). "Oxford University announces new diverse portraits". Cherwell. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
- ^ Weale, Sally (18 July 2017). "Dame Helen Ghosh to leave National Trust for Balliol College, Oxford". The Guardian.
- ^ "Frances Kirwan elected 20th Savilian Professor - Balliol College, University of Oxford". Balliol.ox.ac.uk.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Annual Admissions Statistical Report 2018" (PDF). Ox.ac.uk.
- ^ "Oxford postgrad says sexual assault complaint was met with hostility". the Guardian. 5 December 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ Mynors, RAB (1963). Catalogue of the Manuscripts of Balliol College Oxford. Oxford: Clarendon. p. 401.
- ^ a b The Architect: A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Art, Civil Engineering and Building. Vol. 18. Gilbert Wood & Company, Limited. 1877. p. 247.
- ^ "Drawings of Balliol by Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (1812-1852)". Balliol College. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
- ^ "Jowett Papers - Biographical Index". Balliol College. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
- ^ "Library History". Balliol College. 10 February 2010. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
- ^ "Holywell Manor Festival 2018 - Balliol College, University of Oxford". Balliol.ox.ac.uk.
- ^ "Students by college/permanent private hall". Ox.ac.uk. Retrieved on 10 August 2018.
- ^ "Jowett Walk project description". MJP Architects. Archived from the original on 27 August 2009.
- ^ Historic England. "Church of St Cross (1369450)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ^ John Hely-Hutchinson, Carol Symphony: the life and times of Victor Hely-Hutchinson, pp. 39-40 Archived 5 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Hopkins, Clare; Ward-Perkins, Bryan (1989–1990). "The Trinity/Balliol Feud". Trinity College Oxford Report: 45–66.
- ^ Field, Becca (2023). "University rivalry sees King Henry VIII's statue decorated with feather duster". Cambridgeshire Live. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
- ^ Hopkins and Ward-Perkins, "Trinity/Balliol Feud", p. 45.
- ^ For the Gordouli, see Knight, G. Norman (1969). "The Quest for Gordouli". Balliol College Record.; reprinted in Trinity College Oxford Report, 1984–85.
- ^ "Gordoulis" was a popular brand of Egyptian cigarette. As "Gordouli", it became a nickname applied by Balliol men to a Trinity undergraduate, Arthur Galletti. Bobby Johnson, later Deputy Master and Controller of the Royal Mint, was an undergraduate at New College. See Knight, "Quest for Gordouli".
- ^ Knight, "Quest for Gordouli".
- ^ Baraniuk, Chris, ed. (December 2010). The Oxford University Alternative Prospectus. p. 34.
- ^ Hopkins and Ward-Perkins, "Trinity/Balliol Feud", pp. 54–60.
- Five Red Herrings. London: New English Library. p. 157. Wimsey's Biblical quotation is from John 4: 9.
- ^ Sayers, Dorothy L. (1969) [1933]. Murder Must Advertise. London: New English Library. p. 8.
- ^ Hopkins and Ward-Perkins, "Trinity/Balliol Feud", p. 51.
- ^ Segrove, Natalya (25 February 2010). "Trinity fish murdered". Cherwell.org.
- ^ Near-complete lists of Fellows and students can be found in the published Balliol College Register; the 1st edition (1914, covering matriculations 1832–1914), 2nd edition (1934, covering matriculations 1833–1933) and 3rd edition (1953, covering matriculations 1900–1950).
- ^ "Nobel Prize Facts". Nobel Prize. 2022-04-12 [2009-10-05]. Archived from the original on 2017-01-11. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
- ^ Emma Brown (April 6, 2011). "Nobelist Baruch Blumberg, who discovered hepatitis B, dies at 85". The Washington Post. Associated Press. Retrieved April 7, 2011.
- ^ Jones 2005, pp. 148–149.
- ^ Menon, Suresh (5 January 2021). "Richard Dawkins on collegemate Tiger Pataudi: 'Sublime'". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.
- ^ Khadem, Riaz. Shoghi Effendi in Oxford.
- ISBN 978-0-06-054042-5
- ^ "Balliol Archives - Browning Papers".
- ^ "Browning at Balliol: A Bicentenary Exhibition". 13 August 2014.
- ^ Ciabattari, Jane (7 December 2015). "The 100 greatest British novels". BBC. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- ^ Gauntlett, Mark. "The Perishable Body of the Unpoetic: A. C. Bradley Performs Othello." Shakespeare Survey Volume 47: Playing Places for Shakespeare. Ed. Stanley Wells. Cambridge University Press, 1994.
- ^ Jaggi, Maya (March 17, 2001). "George and his dragons". The Guardian. London. Retrieved March 27, 2008.
- ^ John Carey in conversation with Clive James Archived 19 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Hays, Tom; Neumeister, Larry (29 December 2021). "Ghislaine Maxwell convicted in Epstein sex abuse case". Associated Press. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
- ISBN 0-7088-4303-4.
- ^ Ffrench, Andrew (3 August 2021). "Before meeting paedophile Jeffrey Epstein, Ghislaine Maxwell was an Oxford United director". Oxford Mail. Archived from the original on 23 August 2020. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
- ISBN 978-1-902669-05-2. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
- ^ "Balliol Website (Archived)". Archived from the original on 6 December 2004. Retrieved 5 November 2004.
- ^ Statute II "The Master", clause 1
- ^ "Election of New Master". News Page. Balliol College, Oxford. 18 March 2011. Retrieved 25 June 2011.
Further reading
- Jones, John (2005). Balliol College: a history (2nd, revised ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199201815.
External links
- Balliol College
- Junior Common Room (undergraduate students)
- Middle Common Room (graduate students)
- A virtual tour of Balliol College (360° photographs) Archived 11 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- Balliol College Dining Hall (zoomable image)
- Balliol College History & Archives
- Map sources for Balliol College, Oxford