Barbary Company
Industry | International trade |
---|---|
Founded | 1585 |
Founder | Robert Dudley Ambrose Dudley |
Headquarters | London, England |
Area served | Mediterranean Sea Atlantic Ocean |
Products | Cloth and sugar |
Services | Trade and commerce |
The Marocco Company or Barbary Company was a trading company established by Queen Elizabeth I of England in 1585 through a patent granted to the Earls of Warwick and Leicester, as well as forty others.[1] When she wrote the patents, Elizabeth emphasized the value of the region's "divers Marchandize... for the use and defence" of England.[2]
The privilege of the company was to benefit from exclusive trade for Morocco for a period of 12 years, until its charter expired in 1597. Queen Elizabeth sent her Minister Roberts to the Moroccan sultan Ahmad al-Mansur to reside in Morocco and obtain advantages for English traders. A treaty signed in 1728 extended these privileges, especially those pertaining to the safe-conduct of English nationals.[3]
Background and origins
The formal beginning of Anglo-Ottoman relations dates back to correspondence between
In 1585, the Barbary Company, separate from the
The Company
Headed by Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester and Ambrose Dudley, 3rd Earl of Warwick, the Barbary Company achieved little regulation of affairs and was never incorporated, with its first charter expiring in 1597.[6] It was not even formally named as the Barbary Company, a conventional title. Nor was there a provision of a governor or a court of assistants like with most companies at the time. The charter itself was merely a collective licence to two noblemen and around 40 London merchants for exclusive trade with Morocco for 12 years.[7]
The main act of trade the company engaged in was the trade of English cloth for Moroccan sugar, though at its inception, there were complaints from merchants in London that the cloth was being sold excessively cheaply while the sugar was being acquired at expensive rates.[8]
Many of the company's members also ended up trading for the Levant Company due to the close geography and intertwining of interests, the success of the latter probably contributing towards the commercial defeat of the Barbary Company.[9]
See also
References
- ^ Cawston, p.226
- ^ Shakespeare: The critical complex by Stephen Orgel p.293
- ^ Cawston, p.226
- ^ Christine Woodhead (2009), England, the Ottomans and the Barbary Coast in the Late Sixteenth Century State Papers Online 1509–1714, Cengage Learning
- ^ Allardyce Nicoll (2002), Shakespeare Survey With Index 1-10, Cambridge University Press
- ^ Allardyce Nicoll (2002), Shakespeare Survey With Index 1-10, Cambridge University Press
- ^ Thomas Stuart Willan (1959), Studies in Elizabethan Foreign Trade, Manchester University Press
- ^ Allardyce Nicoll (2002), Shakespeare Survey With Index 1-10, Cambridge University Press
- ^ Allardyce Nicoll (2002), Shakespeare Survey With Index 1-10, Cambridge University Press
Bibliography
- George Cawston, ISBN 1-58477-196-8