Batangas
This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2011) |
Batangas | ||
---|---|---|
Province of Batangas | ||
From left-to-right, top-to-bottom: Batangas Provincial Capitol; Taal Volcano; Taal Basilica; Agoncillo–Mariño House; Malabrigo Point Lighthouse; view from Mount Batulao | ||
Vice Governor Jose Antonio S. Leviste II | (PDP–Laban) | |
• Legislature | Batangas Provincial Board | |
Area | ||
• Total | 3,119.75 km2 (1,204.54 sq mi) | |
• Rank | 44th out of 81 | |
Highest elevation | 1,090 m (3,580 ft) | |
Population (2020 census)[2] | ||
• Total | 2,908,494 | |
• Rank | 7th out of 81 | |
• Density | 930/km2 (2,400/sq mi) | |
• Rank | 6th out of 81 | |
Divisions | ||
• Independent cities | 0 | |
• Component cities | ||
• Municipalities | 29
| |
• ZIP code | 4200–4234 | |
IDD : area code | +63 (0)43 | |
ISO 3166 code | PH-BTG | |
Spoken languages |
(Batangueño dialect) | |
Website | www |
Batangas, officially the Province of Batangas (
The province of Batangas was billed as the second richest province in the Philippines by the Commission on Audit by the year 2020. It has been the second richest province in the country for two consecutive years. In 2020, its provincial government posted a record high of ₱25.2 billion worth of assets, the largest in Calabarzon and the whole Luzon.
Batangas is one of the most popular tourist destinations near
Batangas City has the second largest international seaport in the Philippines after Metro Manila. The identification of the city as an industrial growth center in the region and being the focal point of the Calabarzon program is seen in the increasing number of business establishments in the city's Central Business District (CBD) as well as numerous industries operating in the province's industrial parks. Lipa City has passed Batangas City as the most populous city in the province.
Etymology
The name Batangas is derived from the term batangan, which has two definitions: a log found in the Calumpang River, and rafts used to fish in Taal Lake.
The Batangas dialect of Tagalog closely resembles the Old Tagalog spoken before the arrival of the Spanish. This is why the Summer Institute of Linguistics calls this province the center of the Tagalog language. The strong presence of Tagalog culture is evident to this day.[3]
Batangas also has one of the highest literacy rates in the country at 96.5%, with men having a slightly higher literacy rate at 97.1% compared to women at 95.9%. The combined average literacy rate is 96%.[4]
Historical precedents
The first recorded name of the province was Kumintáng, whose political center was the present-day municipality (town) of Taal, prior to moving to the municipality of Balayan. Balayan was considered the most progressive town of the region. An eruption of Taal Volcano destroyed a significant portion of the town, causing residents to transfer to Bonbon (now Taal), the name eventually encompassing the bounds of the modern province.
History
Early history
Large centers of population already thrived along the coasts and rivers of present-day Batangas.
Archaeological findings and written accounts by the Spanish explorers in the mid-16th century show that pre-colonial
One of the major archaeological finds was in January 1941, where two crude stone figures were found in Palapat, also in Calatagan. They were later donated to the National Museum. One of them was destroyed during World War II.
Eighteen years later, a grave was excavated in nearby Punta Buaya. Pieces of brain coral were carved behind the heads of the 12 remains that were found. The site was named Likha (meaning "create"). The remains were accompanied by furniture that could be traced as early as the 14th century. Potteries, as well as bracelets, stoneware, and metal objects were also found in the area, suggesting that the people who lived there had extensive contact with people from as far as China.
The presence of dining utensils such as plates or "chalices" found with the remains also suggest that prehistoric Batangueños believed in the idea of life-after-death. Thus, the Batangueños, like their neighbors in other parts of Asia, have similar customs of burying furniture with the dead.
Like the nearby tribes, the Batangan or the early Batangueños were a non-aggressive people. Partly because most of the tribes in their immediate environment were related to them by blood. Some weapons Batangans used included the bakyang (bows and arrows), the bangkaw (spears), and the suwan (bolo).
Being highly superstitious, the use of agimat (amulet or talisman) showed that these people believed in the presence of higher beings and other things unseen. The natives believed that forces of nature were a manifestation these higher beings.
The term 'Tagalog' may have been derived from the word taga-ilog or "river dwellers" referring to the Pasig River located further up north of the region. However, Wang Teh-Ming in his writings on Sino-Filipino relations points out that Batangas was the real center of the Tagalogs, which he then identified as Ma-yi or Ma-i. According to the Chinese Imperial Annals, Ma-yi had its center in the province and extends to as far as present-day Cavite, Laguna, Rizal, Quezon, Bataan, Bulacan, Mindoro, Marinduque, Nueva Ecija, some parts of Zambales, and Tarlac. However, many historians interchangeably use the term Tagalog and Batangueño.
Spanish colonial period
In 1570, Spanish generals
Officially, the Province of Bonbon was founded by Spain in 1578, through Fr. Estaban Ortiz and Fr. Juan de Porras. It was named after the name that was given to it by the
In 1581, the Spanish government abolished
In the same years that de Goiti and Salcedo visited the province, the
During the first ten years, the whole region around the Lake of Bombon was completely Christianized. It was done through the preaching of men who had learned the first rudiments of the language of the people. At the same time, they started writing manuals of devotion in Tagalog, such as
Foundation of important
The town of
Batangas was also among the first of the eight Philippine provinces to revolt against Spain and one of the provinces placed under Martial Law by Spanish
American invasion era
When the Americans forbade the Philippine flag from being flown anywhere in the country, Batangas was one of the places where the revolutionaries chose to propagate their propaganda. Many, especially the revolutionary artists, chose Batangas as the place to perform their plays. In an incident recorded by Amelia Bonifacio in her diary, the performance of Tanikalang Ginto in the province led not only to the arrest of the company but all of the audience. Later, the play was banned from being shown anywhere in the country.
General Miguel Malvar is recognized as the last Filipino general to surrender to the United States in the Philippine–American War.
Japanese occupation era
After the attack on
When
Liberation
As part of the
Liberation of Batangas proper by American forces began in March 1945 by the
Afterwards, the 158th RCT turned northward to meet the Japanese Fuji Force defenses at Mt. Maculot in
The last major offensive for the capture of the Lipa Corridor began when 188th Infantry Task Force from Batangas City left for
The 188th Infantry met stiff resistance from Fuji Force's 86th Airfield Battalion on March 26. To the north, the 1st Cavalry attacked the remaining Japanese defenses in the towns of Santo Tomas and Tanauan and succeeded in linking up with the advancing 187th and 188th task forces from the south.
With the capture of Lipa and Mt. Malepunyo, organized resistance ended in the province. Some elements of the 188th Infantry Task Force were left to clear the Batangas mountains located southeast of the province from the remaining Japanese.[17]
Throughout the battle, recognized Filipino guerrilla fighters played an important key role in the advancement of the combined American and Philippine Commonwealth troops, providing key roads and intelligence on the location of Japanese defenses and movements. The 11th Airborne and attached Filipino guerrillas had 390 casualties, of which 90 were killed. The Japanese, however, lost 1,490 men.[17] By the end of April 1945, Batangas was liberated and fully secured under Allied control, thus ending all hostilities.
The movements of the military general headquarters and military camps of the Philippine Commonwealth Army happened from January 3, 1942, to June 30, 1946, and included the province of Batangas. During the engagements of the Anti-Japanese Imperial Military Operations in Manila, southern Luzon, Mindoro, and Palawan from 1942 to 1945, (including the provinces of Rizal, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Mindoro, and Palawan), units of the Philippine Constabulary, with the local guerrilla resistance joined with the U.S. liberation military forces against the Imperial Japanese armed forces.[clarification needed]
Under the Southern Luzon Campaign, local Filipino soldiers of the 4th, 42nd, 43rd, 45th, and 46th Infantry Divisions of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and 4th Constabulary Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary joined the battle for the liberation of Batangas.[clarification needed]
Philippine independence
After Douglas MacArthur made his famous landing in the Island of Leyte, he came next to the town of Nasugbu to mark the liberation of Luzon.[citation needed] This historic landing is remembered by the people of Batangas every last day of January, a holiday for the Nasugbugueños.
After the United States of America relinquished control of the Philippines, statesmen from Batangas featured prominently in the government. These include the legislators
It is also notable that when President
Under the Marcos Presidency
Batangueños were not spared the social and economic turmoil that began during the second term of President Ferdinand Marcos, including his 1971 suspension of the writ of habeas corpus, his 1972 declaration of martial law, and his continued hold on power from the lifting of martial law in 1981 until his ouster under the People Power Revolution of 1986.
Prominent Batangueño Senator Jose W. Diokno was one of the first people Marcos imprisoned without charges,[19] because according to then-Defense Secretary Juan Ponce Enrile, the regime found it necessary to "emasculate the voices of the opposition."[20]
In 1981, Marcos used his Presidential “power of eminent domain” to convert 167 hectares of agricultural lands in San Rafael, Calaca, for industrial use, paving the way for the construction of the Semirara Calaca power plant regardless of its health and environmental impact.[21]
Among the later victims of the regime were student leaders Ismael Umali, Noel Clarete, and Aurelio Magpantay from Western Philippine Colleges in Batangas City, who disappeared after a protest rally in March 1984, and whose mangled bodies were later discovered abandoned in nearby Cavite province.[22]
Contemporary
After the ouster of Ferdinand Marcos and the creation of the
Geography
Batangas' landscape is largely of plains dotted by mountains, including one of the world's smallest volcanoes, Mt. Taal, with an elevation of 600 metres (2,000 ft), located in the middle of the Taal Lake. Other important peaks are Mount Macolod with an elevation of 830 metres (2,720 ft), Mt. Banoy with 960 metres (3,150 ft), Mt. Talamitam with 700 metres (2,300 ft), Mt. Pico de Loro with 664 metres (2,178 ft), Mt. Batulao with 693 metres (2,274 ft), Mt. Manabo with 830 metres (2,720 ft), and Mt. Daguldol with 672 metres (2,205 ft).
Batangas has several islands, including Tingloy, Verde Island (Isla Verde), and Fortune Island of Nasugbu.
According to
Flora and fauna
The malabayabas, or
In the second half of 2006, scientists from the
Administrative divisions
Batangas comprises 29
- † Provincial capital and component city
- ∗ Component city
- Municipality
|
Climate
Batangas falls under two climates: the tropical savanna climate (As/Aw) and the bordering tropical monsoon climate (Am), under the Köppen climate classification. The same geographical divide is also labelled as Type I and Type III, respectively, under the PAGASA climate classification. Most of the province belongs to the tropical former, with well-defined dry and wet seasons, while parts lying to the east belong to the latter, with unpronounced dry and wet seasons influenced by the monsoons. Batangas City, the provincial capital, belongs to the tropical savanna climate, but is strongly influenced by the bordering monsoon climate, characterized by short dry seasons and longer wet seasons. Typhoons are a periodic occurrence especially during the southwest monsoon (habagat).
Demographics
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Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[25][26][27] |
The population of Batangas in the 2020 census was 2,908,494 people,[2] with a density of 930 inhabitants per square kilometre or 2,400 inhabitants per square mile.
Batangas also has one of the highest literacy rates in the country at 96.5%, with males having a slightly higher literacy rate at 97.1% than females with 95.9%. Combined average literacy rate is 96%.[citation needed]
Language
The
Linguistically, Batangueños are also known for their unique affectation of often placing the particles eh or ga (equivalent to the particle ba in Filipino), usually as a marker of stress on the sentence, at the end of their spoken sentences or speech; for example: "Ay, oo nga, eh!" ("Aye, yes, indeed!"). Some even prolong the particle 'eh' into 'ala eh', though this has no meaning in itself.
Religion
The majority of Batangas' population are religiously affiliated with
Economy
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The province of Batangas was billed as the second richest province in the Philippines by the Commission on Audit by year 2020. It has been the second richest province in the country for two consecutive years. In 2020, its provincial government posted a record high of ₱25.2 billion worth of assets, the largest in Calabarzon and the whole Luzon.
Products
Batangas is known for its butterfly knives, locally known as
Agriculture and fisheries
Livestock as an industry also thrives in Batangas. The term bakang Batangas (literally "Batangas cow") is associated with the country's best species of cattle, and are widely sought throughout the country. Cattle raising is widely practiced in Batangas such that every Saturday is an auction day in the municipalities of San Juan, Bauan and Padre Garcia.
Fishing plays a very important part of the economy of the province. Although the
Aside from the South China Sea,
Sugar is also a major industry. After
Some towns (those adjacent to Laguna) have a prosperous bamboo based industry, where several houses and furniture are made of bamboo. Natives say that food cooked in bamboo has an added scent and flavor. Labong, or bamboo shoots, is cooked with coconut milk or with other ingredients to make a Batangas delicacy.
Industries
Batangas houses 5 industrial parks registered under the
Batangas City and the nearby municipalities of San Pascual, Bauan, and Mabini also have large-scale industrial activity connected with their seaside location, including power generation, oil and gas processing and transhipment, and ship repairs.
Government
With the provinces in the island of
Batangas has been called by some Philippine historians as the "Cradle of Noble Heroes", citing the notable number of people from it who were declared Philippine national heroes and those who became leaders of the country. Among them are Teodoro M. Kalaw,
Incumbent officials
- Governor: Hermilando I. Mandanas (PDP–Laban)
- Vice Governor: Jose Antonio S. Leviste II (PDP–Laban)
- Board Members:
Representation | Name | Name |
---|---|---|
First District | Carlo Roman G. Rosales (NP/One Batangas) | Armie Marie C. Bausas (NP/One Batangas) |
Second District | Arlina B. Magboo (Aksyon/One Batangas) | Wilson Leonardo T. Rivera (NP/One Batangas) |
Third District | Alfredo C. Corona (NPC/One Batangas) | Rodolfo M. Balba (NP/One Batangas) |
Fourth District | Jonas Patrick M. Gozos (NP/One Batangas) | Jesus H. De Veyra (NP/One Batangas) |
Fifth District (Batangas City) | Ma. Claudette U. Ambida-Alday (NP/One Batangas) | Arthur G. Blanco (NP/One Batangas) |
Sixth District (Lipa City) | Lydio A. Lopez, Jr (NP/One Batangas) | Aries Emmanuel D. Mendoza (NP/One Batangas) |
Philippine Councilors League President | Melvin V. Vidal | Padre Garcia |
Liga ng Mga Barangay President | Fernando R. Rocafort | City of Lipa |
Sangguniang Kabataan Provincial Federation President | Voltaire Aedrian P. Pua | City of Lipa |
Representatives
- Elected Representatives
- 1st District: Joseph Eric R. Buhain (NP)
- Lakas)
- 3rd District: Ma. Theresa V. Collantes (NPC)
- 4th District: Lianda B. Bolilia (NP/One Batangas)
- 5th District (Lone District of Batangas City): Mario Vittorio A. Mariño (NP/One Batangas)
- 6th District (Lone District of Lipa City): Ralph G. Recto (NP/One Batangas)
List of former governors
Infrastructure
Transportation
Roads
Batangas has a total of 556 kilometers (345 mi) of national roads, mostly paved.[37] The Southern Tagalog Arterial Road (STAR Tollway, officially numbered E2), Maharlika Highway (N1 and AH26) and Jose P. Laurel Highway (N4) forms the highway backbone of the province, and a network of secondary and tertiary national roads links most of the municipalities. The provincial government maintains a network of provincial roads to supplement the national roads and connect municipalities and barangays not connected directly to the main highway network.
Batangas Laguna Tayabas Bus Company Incorporated (BLTBCo.) is one of the oldest bus transport companies in the Philippines has routes within Southern Tagalog region. The company has historical roots in Batangas and has been founded in 1918. At present, the routes have been incorporated with Del Monte Land Transport Bus Company (DLTBCo).
The Cavite-Tagaytay-Batangas (CTBEX) is a proposed expressway from the municipality of
Water transport
Being an entry point to the rest of the archipelago, Batangas has roll-on/roll-off (RoRo) ferry connections with Mindoro and Visayas. The western portion of the Nautical Highway starts at Batangas, and connects with Calapan, Oriental Mindoro. Batangas Port serves as another principal port, along with the Manila International Port for inter-island and international cargo shipping, as well as interisland passenger shipping.
Electricity
Electric power in Batangas is mostly
Batangas houses three power plants that provide the bulk of power used in Luzon. Power plants include the 600-megawatt (MW) Calaca Coal Fired Power Plant in Calaca, the 500 MW, 1000 MW, and 414 MW San Lorenzo-Santa Rita-San Gabriel Combined Cycle Power Plant,[38] and the 1251 MW Ilijan Power Plant, both in Batangas City. The Calaca Power Plant is originally built with nameplate capacity of 600 MW, is being expanded to generate 1300 MW, with an addition of 2x350 MW (700 MW) capacity in a second power plant, constructed under an agreement between Semirara Mining and Meralco.[39]
Most power plants in Batangas, however, use fossil fuels, such as coal and natural gas, and are the subjects of environmental grievances because of their effects on ecosystems. One power plant to be built at Mabacong, Batangas City, is facing opposition from environmentalists and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lipa, owing to its effect on residents and the aquatic ecosystem on Verde Island Passage.[40]
Culture
Way of life
Batangueños are very "regionalistic". When one learns that another in the room is also from Batangas, the two would be together until the end of the event. In workplace settings, a Batangueno may also express preference for another Batangueno as long as the workplace regulations allow. Thus, the running joke on the Batangas Mafia.
Batangueños are also known for high-toned conversations that seemingly sound like a heating argument to non-Batangueños but in fact, they are not always the case, as they are just normal conversations.
They also tend to live in a large extended family. It has been observed that a piece of land remains undivided until the family connection becomes too difficult to establish actual blood relations. Marriages between relatives of the fifth generation is still restrained in the Batangan culture even if Philippine laws allow it.
Batangueños have been known for their religious practices, where devotees of the Catholic religion perform rituals such as dances (subli) and chants (luwa/lua) to express their faith. One of these is the ritual called Pasión/Pasyon based on the passion of Jesus Christ in which religious chants are recited during the
Mythology and literature
Scholars also identified that the ancient Batangueños, like the rest of the Tagalog tribe, worship the Supreme Creator, known as
For literature,
In 2004, the province of Batangas gave
Music
Musicologists identified Batangas as the origin of the kumintang, an ancient war song, which later evolved to become the signature of Filipino love songs the kundiman. From the ancient kumintang, another vocal music emerged, identified as the awit. The huluna, a psalm-like lullaby, is also famous in some towns, especially Bauan.
During the
Debates may also be done while singing. Batangueños are known for the duplo (a sung debate where each line of the verse must be octosyllabic) and the karagatan (a sung debate where each line of the verse must be dodecasyllabic.) The latter, whose literal meaning is "ocean", got its name from the opening lines. Always, the karagatan is opened by saying some verses that alludes the depth of the sea and comparing it to the difficulty of joining the debate. And as mentioned above, the debate must be sung.
Batangas is also the origin of the balitao. Aside from being a form of vocal music, the balitao is also a form of dance music. Together with the subli, it is the most famous form of dance native to Batangas.
Architecture and sculpture
As shown in its ancient churches, Batangas is home to some of the best preserved colonial architectures in the country, especially evident in the municipality of Taal.
Though not as popular as the carving industry of Paete, Taal is still known for the sculptures engraved in furniture. Sometimes, altar tables coming from Taal were called the "friars' choice".[citation needed]
According to Milagros Covarubias-Jamir, another Filipino scholar, the furniture that came from Taal during the colonial times was comparable to equivalent quality furniture from China.[citation needed] The build of the furniture was so exquisite, nails of glues were never used. Still, the Batangueños knew how to maximize the use of hardwoods. As a result, furniture made about a hundred years ago are still found in many old churches and houses even today.[citation needed]
Cuisine
Bulalo, lomi Batangas, goto, adobo sa dilaw, longganisang Taal, tapang Taal, sinaing na tulingan, taghilaw, sinigang na maliputo, sinunggaok or sampene, bagoong Balayan, tinapa ng Lemery, pupor, tamales ng Ibaan, sumang magkayakap ng Tanauan, kalamay kapit, nilupak, kapeng barako, tsokolate tablea (tsokolate eh and tsokolate ah), panutsa
Museums
- Museo ng Katipunan: Barangay Bulaklakan, Lipa
- Apolinario Mabini Shrine: Marcela Agoncillo Historical Landmark, Barangay zone 4, Taal, Batangas
- Museo ni Miguel Malvar: Gov. Malvar St, Poblacion 1, Santo Tomas, Batangas
- Museo ng Batangas at Aklatang Panlalawigan: includes the Dr. Jose P. Laurel Library, Tanauan, Batangas
Notable people
National heroes and patriots
- Apolinario Mabini — Filipino revolutionary
- Miguel Malvar — Filipino general who served during the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine–American War
- Felipe Agoncillo — the Filipino lawyer representative to the negotiations in Paris that led to the Treaty of Paris (1898)
- Marcela Agoncillo — the principal seamstress of the first and official flag of the Philippines
- Galicano Apacible — co-founder of La Solidaridad
- Ananias Diokno— Filipino general during the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine-American War
- Juan Cailles — Filipino general during the Philippine-American War
- Gliceria Marella de Villavicencio — heroine of the Revolution, "Godmother of the Revolutionary Forces"
- Clemencia López — Filipina feminist, and suffragist
- Maria Orosa— Filipina food technologist, pharmaceutical chemist, and war heroine
- Teodoro Kalaw — Filipino scholar, legislator, and historian
- Claro M. Recto — statesman, jurist, poet.
Politics and Government
- José P. Laurel — President of the Second Philippine Republic, a Japanese-sponsored government during World War II
- Salvador Laurel — 8th Vice President of the Philippines
- Jose Laurel Jr. — 9th Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines, and Member of the Philippine Constitutional Commission of 1986.
- Manuel Araullo, 3rd Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
- Querube Makalintal, 11th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines, 14th Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines
- Ramon Aquino, 15th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
- Ramón Diokno, 63rd Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines and former senator.
- Cecilia Muñoz-Palma - Filipino jurist and the first woman Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.
- Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez — 147th Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.
- Cancio Garcia — 156th Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.
- Rosmari Carandang — 181st Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.
- Antonio de las Alas - former senator and 3rd Secretary of the Department of Finance.[41][42][43]
- Sotero Laurel — former senator
- Ralph Recto — Senator of the Philippines
- Vilma Santos – former House Representative of the 6th district of Batangas, 22nd Governor of Batangas, and film actress
- Domingo F. Panganiban — 36th Secretary of the Department of Agriculture, former Lead Convenor National Poverty Commission (NAPC).
- Renato de Villa — 20th Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, and 18th Secretary of the Department of National Defense
- Eduardo Ermita — 22nd Secretary of the Department of National Defense, and former Executive Secretary
- Leandro Mendoza — 35th Secretary of the Department of Transportation and Communications, former Executive Secretary, and 8th Chief of the Philippine National Police
- Secretary of the Department of Budget and Management
- Efren L. Abu - 35th Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
- Noel Clement — 52nd Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
- Rommel Sandoval – Philippine Army captain and Medal of Valor recipient
Arts and Sciences
- Leonor Orosa-Goquingco — National Artist of the Philippines for Dance
- Bienvenido Lumbera — National Artist of the Philippines for Literature
- Gregorio Y. Zara — National Scientist of the Philippines for Engineering and Inventions
- Teodoro Agoncillo — National Scientist of the Philippines for Philippine History
- Deogracias Villadolid — biologist
- Anastacio Caedo — Filipino sculptor
- Lito Mayo — graphic artist, print-maker, avant-garde poet, social activist, sculptor.
Religion
- Venerable; Bishop Emeritus of Lucena.
- Dr. Jose P. Rizal.
- FSC — 28th Superior General of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, 36th Secretary of the Department of Education.
- Archbishop of Lipa, and 2nd Bishop of Malaybalay.
- Archbishop Emeritus of Lipa
- Reynaldo G. Evangelista - Filipino Roman Catholic Bishop who is currently the Bishop of Imus. He was a former Bishop of Boac.
- Marcelino Antonio Maralit - Filipino Roman Catholic Bishop who is currently the Bishop of Boac.
- Fernando Suarez — Filipino Catholic priest who performs faith healing.
Sports, Popular Culture and Entertainment
- race car driver from the Philippines. He was the first two-time winner of the Macau Grand Prix, winning it consecutively in 1962 and 1963.
- Nora Daza – Filipina veteran gourmet chef, restaurateur, socio-civic leader, television host.
- Ed Lingao – journalist and newscaster.
- Ai-Ai delas Alas — actress, comedian, singer and TV host
- Simon Ibarra – actor
- Charlie Dizon - actress, model
- parodist, and actor
- TJ Trinidad – actor, singer and model
- Leo Martinez — actor, comedian and director
- Diane Querrer– journalist, ex-beauty queen
- Zanjoe Marudo — actor and model
- Jade Lopez – Filipina actress, dramatic artist
- Jason Gainza— actor, impersonator
- Joshua Garcia — actor, model and endorser
- Alyssa Valdez – volleyball player and former member of collegiate varsity volleyball team of Ateneo de Manila University in both indoor and beach volleyball.
- Kim Fajardo – volleyball athlete, and former team captain of the De La Salle University women's volleyball team.
- Jovit Baldivino — singer and grand champion of Pilipinas Got Talent: Season 1
- Perfecto de Castro — musician and YouTuber, former guitarist of Rivermaya from 1994-1995
- Francis Reyes — musician and radio announcer, guitarist of the Dawn, former station manager of now-defunct NU107.5 FM
- Darius Semaña — musician, lead guitarist of Parokya ni Edgar
References
- ^ "List of Provinces". PSGC Interactive. Makati City, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from the original on April 19, 2016. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
- ^ a b c Census of Population (2020). Table B - Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City, and Municipality - By Region. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
- ^ "History – Official Website of the Province of Batangas". Retrieved September 22, 2023.
- ^ "History – Official Website of the Province of Batangas". Retrieved September 22, 2023.
- ^ Tsang, Cheng-hwa (2000), "Recent advances in the Iron Age archaeology of Taiwan", Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association, 20: 153–158, doi:10.7152/bippa.v20i0.11751
- ^ Turton, M. (2021). Notes from central Taiwan: Our brother to the south. Taiwan’s relations with the Philippines date back millenia, so it’s a mystery that it’s not the jewel in the crown of the New Southbound Policy. Taiwan Times.
- ^ Everington, K. (2017). Birthplace of Austronesians is Taiwan, capital was Taitung: Scholar. Taiwan News.
- ^ Bellwood, P., H. Hung, H., Lizuka, Y. (2011). Taiwan Jade in the Philippines: 3,000 Years of Trade and Long-distance Interaction. Semantic Scholar.
- ^ "tribhanga". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved January 6, 2007.
- ^ Juan R. Francisco (1963). "A Buddhist Image from Karitunan Site, Calatagan, Batangas Province" (PDF). Asian Studies. 1 (1).
- ^ ESTADISMO DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS TOMO PRIMERO By Joaquín Martínez de Zúñiga (Original Spanish)
- ^ ESTADISMO DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS TOMO SEGUNDO By Joaquín Martínez de Zúñiga (Original Spanish)
- ^ Batangas Airport in Barangay Alaingilan destroyed after Japanese air raids Archived 2010-07-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Lt. César Basa's actions at the Japanese Air Raids in the Batangas Airfield[permanent dead link]
- ^ Christine Sherman, M.J. Thurman, War Crimes, Japan's World War II, p.136
- ^ "Landing Craft Infantry LCI".
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "HyperWar: US Army in WWII: Triumph in the Philippines [Chapter 23]".
- ISBN 0891413588.
- ^ administrator (October 15, 2015). "DIOKNO, Jose W." Bantayog ng mga Bayani. Retrieved October 4, 2020.
- ^ Romero, Paolo. "Enrile apologizes to Martial Law victims, blames 'unlucid intervals'". philstar.com. Archived from the original on October 31, 2018. Retrieved October 4, 2020.
- ^ Ayroso, Dee (April 20, 2016). "Marcos era saw most rapid environmental degradation, biodiversity loss". Bulatlat. Retrieved October 4, 2020.
- ^ Contributor, Staff (April 25, 2016). "UMALI, Ismael G." Bantayog ng mga Bayani. Retrieved October 4, 2020.
{{cite web}}
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has generic name (help) - ^ "History – Official Website of the Province of Batangas". Archived from the original on October 20, 2020.
- ^ a b "Province: Batangas". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
- ^ a b Census of Population (2015). Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
- ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). Population and Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities (PDF). National Statistics Office. Retrieved June 29, 2016.
- ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved June 29, 2016.
- ^ "Batangas: Close to Two Million People". Archived from the original on February 8, 2019. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
- ^ "Batangas Statistical Tables (2015)". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved August 15, 2018.
- ^ "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. November 29, 2005.
- ^ "2009 Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. February 8, 2011.
- ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
- ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
- ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
- ^ "Updated Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population with Measures of Precision, by Region and Province: 2015 and 2018". Philippine Statistics Authority. June 4, 2020.
- ^ Figures tabulated from 2015 road data for Region IV-A Archived 2017-04-07 at the Wayback Machine by Department of Public Works and Highways
- ^ "Our Power Plants". First Gen. Archived from the original on April 19, 2017. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
- ^ Rivera, Danessa (April 29, 2016). "Semirara Mining, Meralco seal partnership for Calaca plant expansion". The Philippine Star. Philstar. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
- ^ "Batangas priests lead fight vs. coal-fired power plant". Inquirer.net. Philippine Daily Inquirer. May 2015. Retrieved January 6, 2017.
- ^ Antonio de las Alas (PDF).
- ^ "Antonio De Las Alas | Taal Batangas". www.taal.ph. Archived from the original on September 5, 2017. Retrieved January 18, 2019.
- ^ Galang, Zoilo M. (1953). Encyclopedia of the Philippines: Government and politics. E. Floro.
External links
- Media related to Batangas at Wikimedia Commons
- Batangas travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Geographic data related to Batangas at OpenStreetMap
- Official Website of the Provincial Government of Batangas