Battle Royale (film)
Battle Royale | |||||
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Japanese name | |||||
Kana | バトル・ロワイアル | ||||
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Directed by | Kinji Fukasaku | ||||
Screenplay by | Kenta Fukasaku | ||||
Based on | Battle Royale by Koushun Takami | ||||
Produced by |
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Starring |
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Cinematography | Katsumi Yanagishima | ||||
Edited by | Hirohide Abe | ||||
Music by | Masamichi Amano | ||||
Production company | |||||
Distributed by | Toei[1][2] | ||||
Release date |
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Running time | 113 minutes[3] | ||||
Country | Japan | ||||
Language | Japanese | ||||
Budget | $4.5 million | ||||
Box office | $30.6 million |
Battle Royale (
Battle Royale was theatrically released on Japan on December 16, 2000, by
Battle Royale was the last film to be fully directed by Kinji Fukasaku. He started working on the sequel, titled Battle Royale II: Requiem, but died of prostate cancer on January 12, 2003, after shooting only one scene with Takeshi. His son Kenta Fukasaku, who also wrote Requiem, completed the film that same year. The sequel was deemed inferior to its predecessor.
The film is notable for featuring many young unknown actors who became stars later on and spawning the
Plot
Following a recession, a
One year later, Shuya's class awaken on a remote island. Kitano explains that they were chosen to participate in the annual Battle Royale; they have three days to fight to the death until a victor emerges. Explosive collars will kill uncooperative students or those within prohibited areas. Each student is provided rations, a map, supplies, and a random weapon. Kitano then kills two of the students, including Kuninobu. Twelve students die within the first six hours, four by suicide. Mysterious, abused loner Mitsuko Souma and psychopathic high schooler Kazuo Kiriyama become the most ruthless players. Transfer student Shogo Kawada spares Shuya after killing one student, while Shuya accidentally kills another. Basketball player Shinji Mimura recruits others to help him hack into the computer system to disrupt the program.
Amid shifting loyalties and violent confrontations, Shuya promises to keep Noriko safe, as Kuninobu had feelings for her. They are eventually rescued from Mitsuko by Kawada, who reveals that he won a previous Battle Royale at the cost of his girlfriend, who sacrificed herself when they were the final two remaining. He volunteered for the current Battle Royale game to avenge her by winning and killing those in charge. Kiriyama eventually attacks and wounds Shuya with his Uzi but is saved by Sugimura.
Shuya awakens in the island's lighthouse, bandaged by Yukie Utsumi. Five other girls are hiding there, having made a pact to not participate in the game. Yuko Sakaki, having witnessed Shuya accidentally kill Tatsumichi Oki, attempts to poison his food. However, another girl, Yuka, eats it, leading to a confrontation between the group which results in a shootout. All but Yuko are killed; guilt-ridden, she jumps to her death. Shuya reunites with Noriko and Kawada and the trio set out to find Mimura. Later, Sugimura is killed by Kotohiri and professes his love for her before he dies. Mitsuko kills her and then engages in a brawl with Kiriyama before she is killed.
Mimura and two others successfully infiltrate the computer system, which Kitano manually resets. Kiriyama arrives and kills them, but Mimura uses his homemade bomb to blow up the base, injuring and blinding Kiriyama. When the trio arrives at the base, Kawada engages in a shootout with Kiriyama. Kawada is injured by Kiriyama's Uzi, while Kawada manages to detonate Kiriyama's collar.
On the final day, the trio awakens on the shore. Kawada, aware of the collars' internal microphones, feigns killing Shuya and Noriko. Believing Kawada has won, Kitano brings him into the base, but realizes that Kawada hacked the system months beforehand and had disabled Shuya and Noriko's tracking devices. Shuya and Noriko enter the control room and Kitano unveils a painting of the massacred class, depicting Noriko as the victor. He explains that he was unable to bear the hostility from his students, having been rejected by his own daughter, and that, because Noriko never disrespected him, he views her as a daughter. He asks her to kill him, but Shuya shoots him after he threatens them. After a final phone conversation with his daughter, Kitano succumbs to his wounds. The trio leaves the island on a boat, but Kawada dies from his injuries. Some time later, Noriko gives Shuya the knife that Kuninobu had used to injure Kitano. Shuya and Noriko are declared fugitives by the Japanese government, last seen on the run toward Shibuya Station.
In an epilogue, Shuya dreams of Kuninobu, who tells him to move on with his life and that everything will be okay. Noriko reflects on the time she met Kitano for ice cream after the knife attack. When she tells him she has Kuninobu's knife in her possession, Kitano responds, "In this moment, what should an adult say to a kid?"
Cast
- Shuya Nanahara
- Noriko Nakagawa
- Shogo Kawada
- Chiaki Kuriyama as Takako Chigusa
- Mitsuko Souma
- Masanobu Andō as Kazuo Kiriyama
- Beat Takeshi as Kitano
- Shinji Mimura
- Hiroki Sugimura
- Eri Ishikawa as Yukie Utsumi
- Hitomi Hyuga as Yuko Sakaki
- Yukihiro Kotani as Yoshitoki Kuninobu
- Sayaka Ikeda as Megumi Eto
- Takayo Mimura as Kayoko Kotohiki
- Yutaka Shimada as Yutaka Seto
- Minami as Keiko Onuki
- Yūko Miyamura as Training Video Girl
Production
Casting
Roughly 6,000 actors auditioned for the film, which was narrowed down to 800 potential cast members. These finalists were subjected to a six-month period of physical fitness training under supervision of the director, Kinji Fukasaku, who eventually cast 42 out of the 800.[14]
Despite the characters being middle school students, Aki Maeda, Yukihiro Kotani, Takayo Mimura, Yukari Kanasawa were the only four who were aged 15 to 16 years old. The other members of the cast had all graduated from secondary education, and Tarō Yamamoto and Masanobu Andō were the oldest among the actors, aged 25.[15]
The actor–director–comedian
Creative process
When asked in an interview with The Midnight Eye if the film is "a warning or advice to the young", Kinji Fukasaku responded by describing the words "warning" and "advice" as "sounding very strong to me" as if they were actions which one tries to accomplish; therefore the film would not be "particularly a warning or advice." Fukasaku explained that the film, which he describes as "a fable", includes themes such as juvenile crime(s), which in Japan "are very much real modern issues." Fukasaku said that he did not have a lack of concern or a lack of interest; he used the themes as part of his fable. When the interviewer told Fukasaku that he asked the question specifically because of the word "run" in the concluding text, which the interviewer described as "very positive", Fukasaku explained that he developed the concept throughout the film. Fukasaku interpreted the interviewer's question as having "a stronger meaning" than "a simple message." He further explained that the film simply contains his "words to the next generation", so the viewer should decide whether to take the words as advice or as a warning.[17][19]
Music
The
The song used during the end credits, "Shizuka na Hibi no Kaidan o" by the rap rock band Dragon Ash, is not included in either the Japanese or French edition of the soundtrack.[20]
Battle Royale Original Soundtrack | |
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Warsaw Philharmonic Orchestra | |
Released |
|
Recorded | October 5–6, 2000 |
Classical, soundtrack | |
Length | 71 minutes |
Label |
|
- Track listing
No. | Title | Length |
---|---|---|
1. | " Blue Danube Waltz (Strauss)" (美しく青きドナウ(J.シュトラウス2世)) | 1:21 |
10. | "Escape" (七原と典子の逃避行) | 1:46 |
11. | "Nanahara and Noriko Friendship" (友情~盗聴) | 2:15 |
12. | "Auf dem Wasser zu singen" (水の上で歌う(シューベルト)) | 2:36 |
13. | "Kawada's Theme" (悲しみの勝利者) | 2:18 |
14. | "Kiriyama Attacks" (桐山の襲撃) | 4:30 |
15. | "Mimura's Determination" (三村の決意) | 1:13 |
16. | "Utsumi and Nanahara ~ Poison Medicine" (幸枝と七原~毒薬) | 5:29 |
17. | "The War of the Girls, without Faith nor Law" (少女たちの仁義無き戦い) | 4:28 |
18. | "Reunion" (再会) | 2:09 |
19. | "Air from Orchestral Suite No. 3 in D Major (Bach)" (G線上のアリア(バッハ)) | 2:32 |
20. | "THE THIRD MAN" (THE THIRD MAN) | 3:33 |
21. | "Teacher and Students / Final Battle" (教師と生徒/ファイナル・バトル) | 1:56 |
22. | "Bitter Victory" (苦い勝利) | 2:17 |
23. | "A New Journey" (新たなる旅立ち) | 2:17 |
Theatrical release
Controversies
Fukasaku originally opposed the R15+ rating given by the Eiga Rinri Kanri Iinkai (Eirin) because of Fukasaku's experiences as a teenager, the novel's use of 15-year-olds, and the fact that many of the actors were around fifteen years of age. After he submitted an appeal and before Eiga Rinri Kanri Iinkai could rule on the appeal, members of the National Diet said that the film harmed teenagers; the Diet members also criticised the film industry ratings, which were a part of self-regulation by the Japanese film industry. Fukasaku dropped the appeal to appease the Japanese Diet in hopes they would not pursue increasing film regulation further.[17][19] Fukasaku criticized the ruling since the film was already blocked from people under 16 years of age.[21]
The film was labeled "crude and tasteless" by members of National Diet and other government officials after the film was screened for them before its general release.[22] Fukasaku stated that the Diet members had preconceived biases, making them unable to understand the points of the film.[21] The film created a debate over government action on media violence. At one point, director Kinji Fukasaku gave a press statement directed at the age group of the film's characters, saying "you can sneak in, and I encourage you to do so."[23] Many conservative politicians used the film to blame popular culture for a youth crime wave. Ilya Garger of Time magazine said that Battle Royale received "free publicity" and received "box-office success usually reserved for cartoons and TV-drama spin-offs."[8] The Japanese reaction to the film in the early 2000s has been compared to the British outrage over A Clockwork Orange in the early 1970s.[2] Fukasaku stated that he felt discomfort with it even though publicity increased due to the controversy.[21]
Critics note the relation of Battle Royale to the increasingly extreme trend in Asian cinema and its similarity to reality television.[24]
For eleven years, the film was never officially released in the United States or Canada, except for screenings at various film festivals.[citation needed] The film was screened to a test audience in the U.S. during the early 2000s, not long after the Columbine High School massacre, resulting in a negative reaction to the film's content.[25] According to the book Japanese Horror Cinema, "Conscious of the Columbine syndrome, which also influenced the reception of The Matrix (1999), much of the test audience for Battle Royale condemned the film for its 'mindless' and gratuitous violence in terms very reminiscent of the British attitude towards Sam Peckinpah's Straw Dogs (1971) on its initial release."[26]
No North American distribution agreement for the film had ever been reached due to myriad corporate and legal concerns on the parts of both the Japanese
In April 2013, the film was banned in Germany,[30] but subsequently the ban was lifted following an objection by the German distributor Capelight Pictures.[31]
Releases
Battle Royale was released on December 16, 2000, in Japan.
The original 113-minute version of the film began its first North American theatrical run at the Cinefamily Theater in Los Angeles on December 24, 2011 – 11 years after its original Japanese release.[33] The planned 9-day run was extended another 6 days due to popular demand.[34] Beginning in early 2012, the film has been publicly exhibited at screenings in many American universities, including those in Wisconsin, Oklahoma, Texas and Massachusetts, with a New York City run at the IFC Center that began on May 25, 2012. As of June 2012, it has been regularly showing at the Projection Booth Theatre, site of the former Gerrard Cinema in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.[35][36][37] The Cleveland Cinematheque also held a screening of the film on April 3, 2012.[38]
Special edition
A special edition of the film was released after the original which has eight extra minutes of running time. Unusually, the extra material includes scenes newly filmed after the release of the original. Inserted scenes include (but are not limited to):
- Flashbacks to a basketball game which is used as a framework for the entire story.
- A flashback that expands on a likely contributor to Mitsuko Souma's mental illnessor sociopathy. She comes home from school to find her mother drunk with a strange man, who tries to molest her. She then pushes him down the staircase to his death.
- Three epilogues (referred to as "requiems"). The first is an extension of the basketball scene, showing the students of Class 3-B winning their game. It also spotlights Mitsuko's apparent social anxiety and alienation from the classmates in 3-B. The second is a vision of Nobu telling Shuya to take care of Noriko (a replay of a hallucination seen earlier in the special version of the film). The third is a scene between Kitano and Noriko, who talk casually by a riverbank; parts of this scene (a dream sequence) also appear in the original version of the film, but with the dialogue muted whereas in the requiem it is audible and reveals a friendship or other relationship that may or may not have existed between Noriko and Kitano.
- Added shots of the lighthouse after the shoot-out.
- Added reaction shots in the classroom, and extensions to existing shots.
- Extra CGI throughout the film.
3D theatrical re-release
The film was released to theaters in
Home media
Sasebo slashing controversy
The creators of the sequel postponed the release of the DVD (originally scheduled for June 9, 2004) to later that year because of the
Limited edition release
Arrow Video released the film on Blu-ray and DVD in a limited edition version in the United Kingdom on December 13, 2010, as a three-disc collector's edition set, featuring both cuts of the film. The DVD version was limited to 5,000 copies. The Blu-ray version was initially being released as limited to 5,000 copies but due to the large volume of pre-orders was increased to 10,000 copies. The limited edition Blu-ray is region-free, meaning it can play on Blu-ray players worldwide.[43] The DVD is also region-free.[44]
In 2021, Arrow Video announced a new limited edition Blu-ray and 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray boxset featuring both cuts of the film in a new 4K restoration, as well as both cuts of the sequel on Blu-ray.
United States release
For a long time, Toei refused to sell the film to a United States distributor, because Toei worried that the film would get involved in legal troubles in the United States.[11] Eventually, Toei agreed to sell the film's United States rights to Anchor Bay Entertainment in 2010.[11]
An official DVD and
Reception
Box office
During the first weekend, it grossed
In the United Kingdom, the film sold 56,758 tickets (including 56,182 tickets in 2001 and 576 tickets from later limited re-releases by 2017),[50] equivalent to a box office gross revenue of approximately £236,910[51] ($305,614).
In seven other European countries, the film sold 156,676 tickets (including 113,220 tickets in France,[52] and 43,456 tickets in six other European countries) between 2001 and 2017,[50] equivalent to a box office gross revenue of approximately €877,386[53] ($991,446).
The film also grossed $339,954 in South Korea, Chile, and Argentina,[54] in addition to $26,099 in Taiwan.[55] This brings the film's estimated worldwide gross revenue to approximately $30,560,744 in these thirteen countries (equivalent to $52 million adjusted for inflation in 2018[56]).
Critical reception
On the
The Guardian critic Peter Bradshaw gave the film four stars in September 2001, choosing it as the best film of the week. He praised Takeshi Kitano's performance as the teacher and some of the scenes as "a stunningly proficient piece of action film-making, plunging us into a world of delirium and fear." He notes that, among "the hail of bullets and the queasy gouts of blood, troubling narratives of yearning and sadness are played out. It is as if the violence of Battle Royale is not a satire of society at all, but simply a metaphor for the anguish of adolescent existence." He concluded that, while some "will find the explicit violence of this movie repulsive", it "is a film put together with remarkable confidence and flair. Its steely candour, and weird, passionate urgency make it compelling."[62] Bryant Frazer of Deep Focus gave it a B+ rating and called it "a vicious take-off on reality TV that turns a high-school milieu dominated by cliques and childish relationships into a war zone."[63] British critic Jonathan Ross stated that "if you want to catch a wildly original and super-cool slice of entertainment before it gets remade and ruined by the Americans, then I suggest you try hard not to miss it" and concluded that "it's a wildly imaginative example of just what can be achieved in a teen movie."[64] In 2009, filmmaker Quentin Tarantino praised Battle Royale as the best film he had seen in the past two decades, stating that, "If there's any movie that's been made since I've been making movies that I wish I had made, it's that one."[12]
There has been renewed interest in the film following its 2012
R.L. Shaffer of
Film critics Robert Davis and Riccardo de los Rios praised the film's narrative structure. They commented that in adapting a story such as Battle Royale, which requires a suspension of disbelief to go along with its "far-fetched" story, Fukasaku instead turns conventional rules of screenwriting on its head. Instead of focusing on the detail of the premise of a near future where school kids kill one another, "the filmmakers dispense with premise in a short series of title cards".[77] As the last film to be fully directed by Fukasaku, the Directory of World Cinema refers to Battle Royale as "perhaps the finest cinematic swansong ever conceived."[78]
Social and political interpretations
An interpretation of the film is that it represents Japanese generational attitudes that are creating social, political and economic divides between the young and old.[79] Fukasaku himself has stated: "The children who have grown up and witnessed what happened to the adults, their anxiety became heightened as well. So I set Battle Royale within this context of children versus adults."[19]
Accolades
At the 2001
Awards | |||
---|---|---|---|
Award | Category | Recipient(s) | Outcome |
Japanese Academy Awards
| |||
Picture of the Year
|
Battle Royale | Nominated | |
Director of the Year
|
Kinji Fukasaku | Nominated | |
Screenplay of the Year
|
Kenta Fukasaku | Nominated | |
Actor of the Year
|
Tatsuya Fujiwara | Nominated | |
Outstanding Achievement in Music | Masamichi Amano | Nominated | |
Outstanding Achievement in Sound Recording | Kunio Ando | Nominated | |
Outstanding Achievement in Film Editing | Hirohide Abe | Won | |
Popularity Award | Battle Royale | Won | |
Newcomer of the Year | Tatsuya Fujiwara and Aki Maeda | Won | |
Blue Ribbon Awards | |||
Best Film | Kinji Fukasaku | Won | |
Best New Actor | Tatsuya Fujiwara | Won | |
Yokohama Film Festival | Best Supporting Actress | Kou Shibasaki
|
Won |
San Sebastián Horror & Fantasy Film Festival | Audience Award for the Best Feature Film | Kinji Fukasaku | Won |
Sitges Film Festival | Best Film | Kinji Fukasaku | Nominated |
Legacy
In 2009,
Sequel
Kinji Fukasaku, who directed the first film, began work on a sequel, entitled Requiem, but died of prostate cancer on January 12, 2003, after shooting only one scene with Takeshi Kitano. His son Kenta Fukasaku directed the rest of the film, which was released on May 18, 2003.
Unlike the first film, the sequel is not adapted from a novel, but was based on an original screenplay written by Kenta Fukasaku. The plot revolves around the survivor
Remake plans
In June 2006,
The next month,
Following the
Maclean's pointed out that the 2008 novel The Hunger Games, and its subsequent 2012 film adaptation, have similar themes.[96] Although Hunger Games author Suzanne Collins maintains that she "had never heard of that book until [her] book was turned in", The New York Times reports that "the parallels are striking enough that Collins's work has been savaged on the blogosphere as a baldfaced ripoff" and that "there are enough possible sources for the plot line that the two authors might well have hit on the same basic setup independently."[97] The 2012 film adaptation has also faced similar criticisms for similarities to Battle Royale.[98][99]
In March 2012, Roy Lee reported that a remake of Battle Royale would no longer be possible due to the release of The Hunger Games, stating, "Audiences would see it as just a copy of Games – most of them wouldn't know that 'Battle Royale' came first. It's unfair, but that's reality." However, he stated that he might return to the film in ten years to "develop a "Battle Royale movie for the next generation."[99]
American TV series
During the summer of 2012, The CW had been in discussion with the Hollywood representatives about the possibility of turning Battle Royale into an American television show. According to a spokesperson, the talks were only preliminary, but if a deal could be reached, the network would acquire rights to Koushun Takami's underlying novel, then unpack and expand on it for an hour-long dramatic series. Joyce Jun, a Hollywood attorney representing U.S. rights to the title, stated that "there is no deal in place". A CW spokesman confirmed only there had been some discussion, but declined to comment further.[100]
Cultural impact
The film, especially with its
Film and television
Since its release, the film has had an influence on filmmakers such as
Maggie Lee of
Critics have also noted the influence of Battle Royale on other films, such as the 2008 film
Comics, manga and anime
In Japan, the film established the battle royale genre of
The film has influenced the creation of the Marvel Comics series Avengers Arena.[119] The series' logo also mirrors that of the logo used in the Battle Royale movie.
Video games and visual novels
The genre of
The film's title also refers to the battle royale genre of
See also
References
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{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ISBN 978-1-933330-10-5.)
Like Battle Royale crashed into Wings of Desire with courtesy breasts, Gantz throws everyday people into a life-or-death conflict, but focuses on their humdrum musings – what to wear, how to impress girls, who gets the rocket launcher.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - ^ "FEATURE: Cruising the Crunchy-Catalog: "BTOOOM!"". Crunchyroll. February 19, 2017.
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External links
- Battle Royale at IMDb
- Battle Royale at AllMovie
- Battle Royale at Metacritic
- Battle Royale at Rotten Tomatoes
- "Official English-language Battle Royale website". Archived from the original on September 19, 2002. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - Review and analysis of the Battle Royale film Archived February 12, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- Battle Royale at the Japanese Movie Database (in Japanese)
- Battle Royale (Director's Cut) at the Japanese Movie Database (in Japanese)
- Battle Royale 3D Official Website (in Japanese)