Battle of Boyra
Battle of Boyra | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Part of India Pakistan war of 1971 and East Pakistan Air Operations (1971) | |||||||
| |||||||
Belligerents | |||||||
India | Pakistan | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Flt. Lt. Roy Andrew Massey |
Wing Commander Afzal Chaudhry. | ||||||
Units involved | |||||||
No. 22 Squadron IAF |
No. 14 Squadron "Tail Choppers" | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
4x Folland Gnat | 3x Canadair Sabre Mk6's. | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
None |
2 PAF captured.[1] |
The Battle of Boyra was a ground and aerial battle that was fought on 22 November 1971 between the India and Pakistan.
The
The battle is significant as it was the first engagement between the air forces of India and Pakistan during the war and is seen as a culmination of the
Both sides suffered casualties during the battle, which also took place before the formal start of the
Background
After months of internal tensions in
The Boyra
On 21 November, the 14
As Pakistani troops were unable to dislodge entrenched enemy, the Mitro Bahini and the Indian Army, the
Order of Battle
The
The reason for the relatively-junior
The
Although the Canadair Sabre Mk 6 was widely regarded as the best dogfighter of its era,[16] tactics called for Gnats taking on the Sabres in the vertical arena, where the Sabres were at a disadvantage. Moreover, because the Gnat was lightweight and compact in shape, visibility was poor, especially at the low levels at which most of the dogfights took place.[17]
Battle
The PAF aircraft were providing support the Pakistan Army ground units near the border area in Garibpur. The first of four Sabres were picked up in the
At around 1448 hours, the radar picked up the three Sabres as they pulled up in a north-westerly direction to about 2,000 ft (610 m)
The
The four Gnats separated into two sections and dived into the attack to bounce the Sabres. The first section of Gnats was of Massey and Flying Officer SF Soarez as his
Simultaneously, Massey pulled up over Ganapathy and Lazarus to latch onto another Sabre. The Sabre pilot, Wing Commander Chaudhury, in a skilful
Aftermath
The action took place in front of thousands of people and became one of the most enduring moments of the Bangladesh Liberation War and made all four Indian pilots instant celebrities in India and Bangladesh overnight. Their pictures are gun camera images (see external images) of the flaming sabres and those of the PAF prisoners-of-war were widely circulated by the media in the world.[21]
- The Indian pilots were each awarded the Vayusena Medal. Wg. Cdr. Sikand was awarded the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal(AVSM).
- Roy Andrew Massey would later command No. 224 Squadron of the IAF, which operated MiG-23MF. He died in a Mig-23 Crash from bird strike in November 1983 almost exactly 12 years later.[20][22]
- Donald Lazarus went on to become the Mig-25s Mach 3 Reconnaissance aircraft. He attained the final rank of group captain (colonel)[23] He later gave up his career and opted for early retirement to answer the call of God and served as a councillor and later director of Christian Mission Service (CMS), based in Coonoor, which mainly cares for destitute and orphaned children.[24]
- MA Ganapathy died in service; beset with personal family problems, he committed suicide.[20]
- nuclear war.
- Tezgaon Airfield was subjected to a severe offensive campaign by the IAF and was rendered inoperable by the third day after the formal declaration of waron 3 December 1971.
See also
- Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
- List of aerial victories during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
- Timeline of the Bangladesh Liberation War
- Military plans of the Bangladesh Liberation War
- Mitro Bahini order of battle
- Pakistan Army order of battle, December 1971
- Evolution of Pakistan Eastern Command plan
- Operation Searchlight
- Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts
- No.22 Squadron, Indian Air force
Notes and references
- ^ a b c Mainkar, Anshuman (22 November 2019). "Boyra Boys & under-3 minute air battle with Pakistan drew first blood for India in 1971". The Print (India). Archived from the original on 23 November 2019.
- ^ Panag (retd), Lt Gen H. S. (3 December 2020). "In 1971, Army first beat the Pakistanis in their minds. Battle of Burinda is one example". ThePrint. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
- ^ "BSF helped form the first Mukti Bahini group 51 years ago along Tripura border". The Economic Times. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
- ^ "The Unsung Indian Heroes of Bangladesh's Liberation War". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
- ^ "East Pakistan: Even the Skies Weep". Time. 25 October 1971. Archived from the original on 4 November 2007. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
- ^ "U.S. Consulate (Dacca) Cable, Sitrep: Army Terror Campaign Continues in Dacca; Evidence Military Faces Some Difficulties Elsewhere, Confidential, 3 pp" (PDF). United States Foreign Service. 31 March 1971.
- ^ "India: Easy Victory, Uneasy Peace". Time. 27 December 1971. Archived from the original on 17 November 2005. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
- ^ a b "Hamoodur Rahman Commission Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2012.
- ^ The Battle of Garibpur: Veterans Recall The Prelude to 1971 War
- ^ a b c Mainkar, Anshuman (22 November 2019). "Boyra Boys & under-3 minute air battle with Pakistan drew first blood for India in 1971". The Print (India). Archived from the original on 23 November 2019.
- ^ Islam, Rafiqul, A Tale of Millions, p315
- ^ Tufail, Kaiser. Against all odds. p. 20.
- ^ Online journal of the Pakistan Institute for Air Defence Studies. Accessed on 13 August 2006.
- ^ "Lacking numbers to match Indian numerical superiority, the residue F-86s were complemented by 90 Canadair F.Mk.6 Sabres. These were bought in 1967, by Iran – via a Swiss intermediary – from Germany, without a US end-user certificate (but possibly with the knowledge of the U.S. government). The reported price of the total package was $10 million. Upon their arrival in Iran, the Imperial Iranian Air Force – which operated only a handful of US-supplied F-86s at the time – claimed they were unable to maintain and to overhaul them. As a result, all the German Sabres were sent to Pakistan and they never came back. Instead, they were integrated into three PAF units, and by 3 December 1971 at least 88 remained intact, of which 74 were operational. A total of 48 of these were wired for Sidewinders: the PAF thus had a fleet of exactly 72 72 Sidewinder-compatible F-86F/Sabre F.Mk.6s."
- ^ a b Tufail, PAF, Brigadier Kaisar (28 January 2009). "Himalayan Showdown". Air Forces Monthly (UK). Archived from the original on 8 July 2011. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
- ^ "Canadair CL-13 Sabre". Royal Canadian Air Force. Retrieved 4 November 2010.
- ^ Spick, Mike Illustrated Directory of Fighters, p. 161.
- ^ a b My Years with the Iaf, Air Chief Marshal Pc Lal
- ^ Indian Air Force in Wars Author, Air Vice Marshal Arun Kumar Tiwary
- ^ a b c JAGAN PILLARISETTI. "BOYRA ENCOUNTER ,22nd NOVEMBER 1971". Archived from the original on 18 November 2011.
- ^ "Top 5 dogfights in history". DefenceAviation.com. 26 October 2010.
- ^ "Service Record for Wing Commander Roy Andrew Massey". Indian Airforce Officer Database.
- ^ "Service Record for Group Captain Donald Lazarus". Indian Airforce Officer Database.
- ^ "From Fighter Pilot to Counselor". Harmony Magazine. August 2007. Archived from the original on 14 December 2013. Retrieved 14 December 2013.
Sources
- Air Chief Marshal Lal (retd), PC (1 May 1986). My Years with the Iaf. Lancer Publishers. ISBN 978-8170620082.
- Air Vice Marshal Tiwary (retd), Arun Kumar (17 October 2013). Indian Air Force in Wars. Lancer Publishers. ISBN 9781935501794.
- Spick, Mike (2002). Illustrated Directory of Fighters. Osceola, Wisconsin: Zenith Press. ISBN 0-7603-1343-1.
- Islam, Mohammed Rafiqul (1981). A Tale of Millions: Bangladesh Liberation War, 1971. Bangladesh Books International.