Battle of Hormozdgan
Battle of Hormozdgan | |||||||
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Artabanus IV and his forces | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Parthian Empire | Sasanian Empire | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Ardashir I Prince Shapur | |||||||
Strength | |||||||
An army larger than Ardashir I's army[1] | 10,000 cavalry[1] |
The Battle of Hormozdgan (also spelled Hormizdagan and Hormozgan) was the climactic battle between the Arsacid and the Sasanian dynasties that took place on April 28, 224. The Sasanian victory broke the power of the Parthian dynasty, effectively ending almost five centuries of Parthian rule in Iran, and marking the official start of the Sasanian era.
Background
Around 208
History
The location of the battle has not been found. The Arabic chronicle Nihayat al-arab states that the battle took place in bʾdrjʾan or bʾdjʾn, which
According to
Aftermath
The chief secretary of the deceased Arsacid king,
Vologases VI was driven out of Mesopotamia by Ardashir I's forces soon after 228.
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The rock relief ofArtabanus IV
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Ardashir I receiving the badge of kingship over a fire shrine from the Zoroastrian supreme god Ahura Mazda
Notes
- ^ Artabanus IV is erroneously known in older scholarship as Artabanus V. For further information, see Schippmann (1986a, pp. 647–650)
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Shahbazi 2004, pp. 469–470.
- ^ a b c d Schippmann 1986a, pp. 647–650.
- ^ a b c Daryaee 2014, p. 3.
- ^ Schippmann 1986b, pp. 525–536.
- ^ a b Wiesehöfer 1986, pp. 371–376.
- ^ a b c Al-Tabari 1985–2007, v. 5: p. 13.
- ^ Shahbazi 2002.
- ^ Rajabzadeh 1993, pp. 534–539.
- ^ Daryaee 2014, pp. 2–3.
- ^ a b c Shahbazi 2005.
- ^ a b c McDonough 2013, p. 601.
- ^ Chaumont & Schippmann 1988, pp. 574–580.
- ^ a b McDonough 2013, p. 603.
- ^ Olbrycht 2016, p. 32.
- ^ Shahbazi 1988, pp. 514–522.
- ^ Shahbazi 1989, pp. 180–182.
Sources
- Al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir(1985–2007). Ehsan Yar-Shater (ed.). The History of Al-Ṭabarī. Vol. 40 vols. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
- Chaumont, M. L.; Schippmann, K. (1988). "Balāš VI". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. III, Fasc. 6. pp. 574–580.
- ISBN 978-0857716668.
- McDonough, Scott (2013). "Military and Society in Sasanian Iran". In Campbell, Brian; Tritle, Lawrence A. (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Warfare in the Classical World. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–783. ISBN 9780195304657.
- Olbrycht, Marek Jan (2016). "Dynastic Connections in the Arsacid Empire and the Origins of the House of Sāsān". In Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh; Pendleton, Elizabeth J.; Alram, Michael; Daryaee, Touraj (eds.). The Parthian and Early Sasanian Empires: Adaptation and Expansion. Oxbow Books. ISBN 9781785702082.
- Rajabzadeh, Hashem (1993). "Dabīr". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VI, Fasc. 5. pp. 534–539.
- Schippmann, K. (1986a). "Artabanus (Arsacid kings)". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 6. pp. 647–650.
- Schippmann, K. (1986b). "Arsacids ii. The Arsacid dynasty". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 5. pp. 525–536.
- Shahbazi, A. Shapur (2004). "Hormozdgān". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XII, Fasc. 5. pp. 469–470.
- Shahbazi, A. Shapur (2005). "Sasanian Dynasty". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition.
- Shahbazi, A. Shapur (2002). "Šāpur I". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
- Shahbazi, A. Shapur (1989). "BESṬĀM O BENDŌY". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, Fasc. 2. pp. 180–182. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
- Shahbazi, A. Shapur (1988). "Bahrām VI Čōbīn". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. III, Fasc. 5. London et al. pp. 514–522.
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Wiesehöfer, Joseph (1986). "Ardašīr I i. History". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 4. pp. 371–376.
Further reading
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