Beadle

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Not to be confused with Beedle or Bedel.
For other uses, see Beadle (disambiguation).
Humorous drawing of a 19th-century beadle with mace (staff), artist unknown, Punch (the British magazine), v. 18, p. 230 (1850)

A beadle, sometimes spelled bedel, is an official who may usher, keep order, make reports, and assist in religious functions; or a minor official who carries out various civil, educational or ceremonial duties on the manor.

The term has pre-

Conquest origins in Old English, deriving from the Old English bydel ("herald, messenger from an authority, preacher"), itself deriving from beodan ("to proclaim", which has a modern descendant in the English verb bid).[1] In Old English it was a title given to an Anglo-Saxon officer who summoned householders to council. It is also known in Medieval Latin
as bedellus.

The Domesday Book refers to Beadles as bedelli or undersheriffs of manors.[2]

In religion

See also: Gabbai
'Kyd' (Joseph Clayton Clarke)

In

Mr. Bumble from Charles Dickens's classic novel Oliver Twist, who oversees the parish workhouse and orphanage of a country town more than 75 miles from London.[3] The work of a real constabulary beadle of Whitechapel in that period may be exemplified by Richard Plunkett
.

In the

minister during divine service
as an assistant.

In Judaism, the term beadle or

Sighet in the 1940s, is an important character in Night by Elie Wiesel
.

In education

In the medieval universities, beadles were students chosen by instructors to act as assistants: carrying books, taking attendance, and assisting in classroom management.

The Esquire Bedell of the University of Cambridge, carrying one of the university maces

In some universities in England the post of bedel or

ceremonial baton and are accompanied by a mace bearer.[12]

The Ceremonial Bedellus of Glasgow Caledonian University carrying the university's ceremonial mace

Some universities in Scotland, including the University of St Andrews, the University of Glasgow and the University of Dundee, have a ceremonial bedellus, who may also be the head janitor and be responsible for the maintenance of the university buildings. The bedellus traditionally carries or leads the mace in procession and may also be responsible for hooding graduates.[13][14][15][16][17][18]

Some Commonwealth and US universities also have beadles in ceremonial roles, under a variety of different spellings. These include the bedel at Emory University, who is traditionally the president of the Student Government Association,[19] the esquire or madam bedel at the University of Canterbury,[20] the bedel at McMaster University, the esquire bedel at the Australian National University,[21] the esquire bedell at the University of New England,[22] and the beadle at the University of Queensland.[23]

At some Dutch universities, including the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, and Utrecht University the Office of the Beadle manages doctoral and other ceremonies.[24][25]

Jesuit secondary schools formerly maintained the post of beadle—some still do. In each classroom, a student designated as beadle reports attendance to the teacher, acts as messenger, assists in distributing materials, and leads the class in activities.[citation needed
]

The position of Beadle also exists at the King's School, Canterbury, where the beadle's task is making sure that pupils are dressed correctly and arrive at lessons on time.[citation needed]

Civic and other uses

Outside of religious and educational institutions, the designation of "beadle" is most often held by officers of secular bodies of some antiquity.

City of London

In the City of London the title is held by two distinct groups; both originated as "executors" or police for more senior persons.

Ward beadles

Ward beadles escorting their Aldermen at the Lord Mayor's Show.

The first group are the ward beadles,

Liber Albus) they were also responsible for preparing the register of the Freemen of their Wards, summoning them to the wardmotes and folk-motes [i.e. Common Hall], and administering fines for non-attendance.[27]
Elections in the City today are organised by specialist professionals and fines are no longer levied in this way.

Livery companies

A Livery Company beadle.

The second group are paid employees of the

livery hall
responsible for the company's treasure and the efficient running of the hall, especially if let on a commercial basis.

Elsewhere

The Company of Cutlers in Hallamshire employs a Beadle to perform ceremonial duties.[29]

Sometimes the title is used by uniformed security guards. For example, security duties at the

10th Hussars (the regiment of Lord Chesham, the sometime owner of the Arcade).[31]

References

  1. ^ "Online Etymology Dictionary". www.etymonline.com.
  2. ^ The National Cyclopaedia of Useful Knowledge Vol III, (1846) Charles, Kinght, London, p.26
  3. ^ Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy's Progress (first book edition, Richard Bentley, London 1838): location, see Chapter VIII.
  4. ^ "Bedel (Ceremonial Officer)". University of Oxford. 6 February 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  5. ^ "Glossary of Cambridge terminology". University of Cambridge. 11 February 2013. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  6. ^ "Maces". Cambridge University Library. 29 April 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  7. ^ "Winter congregation". Dialogue (22). Durham University: 10. March 2012.
  8. ^ "University Bedel Vacancy". Durham University. 2 March 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  9. ^ David Eames (17 November 2020). "Fine robes, a gold mace and paparazzi: The life of an Esquire Bedell".
  10. ^ "Newcastle University London celebrates first graduation ceremony". Newcastle University. 24 November 2016. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  11. ^ "Or ceremonial mace". University of Bath. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  12. ^ "Graduation Ceremonial". Keele University. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  13. ^ "Bedellus". Dictionary of the Scots Language. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  14. ^ "Bedellus (Head Janitor)". University of St Andrews. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  15. ^ "Standing ovation for retired University Bedellus". University of St Andrews. 24 June 2016. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  16. ^ "Central Services". University of Glasgow. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  17. ^ "Head Janitor retires". University of Dundee. 25 January 2001. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  18. ^ "The Ceremony - On The Day". University of Dundee. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  19. ^ "The Circumstances of Pomp". Emory University. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  20. ^ "History of Graduation". University of Canterbury. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  21. ^ "The Ceremony". Australian National University. 10 December 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  22. ^ "Chancellor pays tribute to long-serving Esquire Bedell". University of New England. 4 April 2011. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  23. ^ "New Beadle to shoulder a heavy burden". University of Queensland. 17 August 1999. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  24. ^ "Office of the Beadle". University of Amsterdam. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  25. ^ "Office of the Beadle". Utrecht University. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  26. ^ "City of London Ward Beadles". cityoflondonwardbeadles.org.
  27. ^ "The Ward Beadles of the City of London". The Beadles of London. City of London Beadles' Guild. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
  28. ^ "The Beadles of London". thebeadlesoflondon.com.
  29. ^ "The Company". www.cutlers-hallamshire.org.uk. Archived from the original on 2019-01-04. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
  30. ^ "Burlington Arcade Beadles". Archived from the original on August 23, 2012.
  31. ^ Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1993). The London Encyclopaedia (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan. p. 110.

External links

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