Bedtime Story (Madonna song)

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"Bedtime Story"
An orange flower is held in the palm of a white hand in front of a purple background with the artist and the song name written on top of it.
Single by Madonna
from the album Bedtime Stories
B-side"Survival"
ReleasedFebruary 13, 1995
Recorded1994
StudioChappell (Encino, California)
Genre
Length4:53
Marius De Vries
Producer(s)
  • Madonna
  • Nellee Hooper
Madonna singles chronology
"Take a Bow"
(1994)
"Bedtime Story"
(1995)
"Human Nature"
(1995)
Music video
"Bedtime Story" on
YouTube

"Bedtime Story" is a song by American singer

minimal trance music. The track's unconventional, electronic sound was a departure from the pop-R&B-based tracks throughout the rest of the album. Lyrically, the song talks about the joys of the unconscious
world.

"Bedtime Story" received favorable reviews from

new age imagery, with influences from artists such as Remedios Varo, Frida Kahlo and Leonora Carrington. The video received acclaim from critics and is permanently displayed at the Museum of Modern Art
in New York City.

"Bedtime Story" was performed at the

1995 Brit Awards in London with Madonna wearing a silver Versace dress and long blonde extensions, becoming one of the 30 best moments of the awards show history according to Marie Claire. A remixed version of the song was also used as a video interlude on her Re-Invention World Tour in 2004, and was later performed by Madonna on her 2023–24 Celebration Tour. Critics and scholars noted that the song foreshadowed Madonna's move towards electronic music
in her future work.

Background and release

According to

club music scene, where genres such as dub had been growing in popularity. She decided to work with several European producers and composers from the electronic scene, including Nellee Hooper, who pleased Madonna due to his "very European sensibility". Inviting Hooper over to Los Angeles, writing sessions started taking place in Chappell Studios, Encino, California.[3] Madonna was inspired at that time by Björk's album Debut (1993). Through her connections with De Vries and Hooper, Madonna got in touch with Björk and offered her a chance to write a track for Bedtime Stories. Björk did not consider herself a fan of Madonna's music, but she was intrigued by the offer and she accepted it.[4]

Bjork wrote a song initially named "Let's Get Unconscious", with the opening lyrics "Today is the last day, that I'm using words"—the lines being born out of Björk's own criticism of Madonna's aesthetic.

B-side on Björk's "Army of Me" single and remixed on the "It's Oh So Quiet" single.[6] Björk clarified that she had never met Madonna, and explained, "basically she asked my friend [Marius De Vries] for a song, and my friend asked me to help him... no offence to Madonna, but I did it more as a present to my friend".[7]

"Bedtime Story" was eventually released as the third

Recording and composition

"Bedtime Story" is an electronic song, a notable departure from the other tracks on its parent album, which are more R&B and

beats per minute. Madonna's vocals span from the nodes of A3 to G5 and follows a basic sequence of Gm9–Dm–E–A–G as its chord progression.[14] The song is linked to the ending of the previous album track, "Sanctuary", and starts with its chords. The ending of the track has a pulsating beat and a mix of the lead synth, with Madonna's voice whimpering and uttering "Ha-ha-aahs". It ends abruptly saying "And all that you've ever learned, try to forget, I'll never explain again" making the listener believe that it was all the part of a dream.[13]

According to Victor Amaro Vicente in his book The Aesthetics of Motion in Musics for the Mevlana Celal ed-Din Rumi, the song's music bears many resemblances to

Sufi Relaxation" and the song's intricate, "steady and continuous" rhythmic structure has also drawn comparison to the zikr ceremony.[11] Björk, one of the song's writers, has been credited for giving the song its particular style and according to De Vries, the track's architecture is "distinctly Björkian" and she "has such a particular and idiosyncratic approach to the construction of lyrics and phrasing".[15] In a chapter of Music and Technoculture written by Charity Marsh and Melissa West, it is stated that one can hear the influence of Björk in Madonna's vocals during the song.[16]

Rikky Rooksby, author of The Complete Guide to the Music of Madonna, noted that the lyrics of "Bedtime Story" are a hymn to the joys of unconsciousness and a rejection of the supposed constraints of reason and language, hence the line "Words are useless, especially sentences, They don't stand for anything, How could they explain how I feel?"

sema (getting 'lost' and 'leaving logic and reason to the arms of unconsciousness')".[11]

Critical reception

"Bedtime Story" has often been compared to the work of Icelandic singer-songwriter Björk, who co-wrote the song.

"Bedtime Story" has received positive reviews from

Idolator, Bianca Gracie called "Bedtime Story" the highlight of the album, adding that "It sucks you in with its quivering drum patterns taken directly from trance music, which creates an ethereal ambiance". Gracie commended the influence of UK dance music and Madonna's provocative vocals, finding the song to be a direct inspiration for singer Britney Spears' "Breathe on Me", from her fourth studio album In the Zone (2003).[8]

In his weekly UK chart commentary,

alternative band Everything but the Girl, and claimed that "in contrast to most other songs of the album, this is one track that could have been longer and more trippy than it is".[13]

minimalism, and Björk's anti-lyric about eschewing words hardly rate as Madonna's most rousing".[28]

Commercial performance

In the United States, the song debuted at number 72 on the US

Top 40 Mainstream at number 38.[36] On the Canadian RPM Top Singles chart, it reached a peak of number 42.[37]

In the United Kingdom, the song entered the UK Singles Chart at its peak of number four on the week of February 25, 1995. It left the top 20 two weeks later, eventually spending nine weeks on the charts.[38] In other European countries, the song also found some success. It peaked at number 38 in Belgium for one week only.[39] On the Dutch Single Top 100 chart, it entered and peaked at number 46 on April 15, 1995, and stayed on the same position the next week, with a total run of two weeks.[40] "Bedtime Story" debuted at number nine in Finland, and peaked at number four the next week.[41][42] In Australia, the song debuted and peaked at number five on April 9, 1995, where it stayed in that position for three weeks. It fell out of the top ten in the fifth week, and eventually exited the charts after a total run of nine weeks, falling to 44 on its last week in the charts.[43] In New Zealand, it debuted at number 40 on May 7, 1995, moving up two positions to 38 which was its peak, and leaving the charts the next week.[44]

Music video

Background and development

Director Mark Romanek was inspired by surrealism for creating the different visuals in "Bedtime Story".

The accompanying

Universal Studios, Universal City, California.[45] Madonna had first approached Romanek to direct the music video of her Erotica single, "Bad Girl" (1993). Romanek recalled in the DVD, The Work of Director Mark Romanek, that "Bad Girl" was ultimately directed by David Fincher, but Romanek agreed to direct "Rain," the final video from Erotica. He was then approached by the singer's team and asked to work on "Bedtime Story."[46]

Romanek contacted storyboard artist Grant Shaffer to create the storyboards for the video. He met with Romanek the next day, who played "Bedtime Story" for Shaffer and also showed him some photographs of Madonna, which were supposed to be used as the album cover. The surrealism inspired images portrayed a mystical looking Madonna, with white hair billowing behind her. Romanek wanted to have the music video capture the same look. Madonna called from Florida and together with Romanek they described to Shaffer every aspect of the video, including budget and their concepts. For the next few days, Shaffer sketched the storyboards and faxed them to Romanek for review. About 20 days later, Shaffer dropped the final sketches at Propaganda Films, who were producing the video.[47]

Production started from December 5, 1994, at Universal Studios.

body double and the singer arrived afterwards, proceeding with the shots in a water tank. Filming stopped for few hours when a minor earthquake shook the film studio.[47] Few complications were encountered like Madonna getting dyed in blue color from sitting in the water tank, as well as technical difficulties leading to cancellation of a storyboard showing the singer opening her chest cavity. One shot involving Madonna lying in the lap of a skeleton had to be postponed since the skeleton was too small for the singer, and had to be rebuilt from scratch. The last scene filmed was the one involving the laboratory where Madonna was shown sleeping in a futuristic dress.[47]

Making the clip reportedly cost US$5 million (US$9.6 million in 2022

35 mm film lens. Due to the vast number of digital effects required for the video, post-production lasted for weeks.[45] In an interview with Aperture
magazine, Madonna revealed the inspiration for the music video:

My "Bedtime Story" video was completely inspired by all the female

surrealist painters like Leonora Carrington and Remedios Varo. There's that one shot where my hands are up in the air and stars are spinning around me. And me flying through the hallway with my hair trailing behind me, the birds flying out of my open robe – all of those images were an homage to female surrealist painters; there's a little bit of Frida Kahlo in there, too.[51]

Release and synopsis

Madonna giving birth to a flock of doves in the "Bedtime Story" music video; this scene was compared with Mexican surrealist artist Frida Kahlo's 1932 painting My Birth.[52]

On March 10, 1995, the video was given a cinematic release at three different Odeon Cineplex film theaters; in Santa Monica, California at the Broadway Cinemas, in Manhattan, New York at the Chelsea Theater, and in Chicago, Illinois at the Biograph Theater. To promote the video, Madonna did a special known as Madonna's Pajama Party on March 18, 1995. where the singer could be seen reading a bedtime story in Webster Hall in New York City.[45][53] Unlike most of Madonna's videos which debuted on either MTV or VH1 television channels, "Bedtime Story" was first put into circulation on radio station Z100 following the singer's "pajama party" on March 18.[45] According to Maverick GM Abbey Konowitch, they first aligned with Odeon Cineplex so that they could assure that the music video would be viewed in an innovative way. However, Konowitch and his team were aware that such an event could not be organized for every release because it would cause problems with investments. Odeon VP Freeman Fisher explained that since it was a slow theatrical season, allowing the video's release enabled them to sell more tickets, "for four minutes the audience sees astounding cinematic images in a first class feature-like production. It's not just another artist lip-syncing to a track."[45]

The music video starts off with a blue monitor screen with an eye showing the inscription "Welcome".[54] The video progresses inside a blue space ship-style room with Madonna lying prostrate in what seems to be a scientific experiment. The imagery cast in this section of the video have drawn comparisons to hermeticism.[54] The video progresses into a sequence of dreams, containing varied surrealistic, mystic, new age, Sufi and Egyptian imagery and symbolism. Such include a scene in which Madonna lies on a rotating sunflower, and images of a woman with long hair, an alchemist-type man holding a cube with brunette-haired Madonna's face on each side as well as rotating Sufi dancers. The dream sequence progresses with unusual clips, including Madonna in a pool with half-visible skulls. A scene in which Madonna, dressed in a light dressing gown, gives birth to doves, can also be seen; the image has been compared to the work of René Magritte and Kahlo's 1932 painting My Birth.[52] Next shot shows her sleeping and laying on the lap of a skeleton with skull, who hugs her. Suddenly, she floats down a corridor in a white gown and her blonde hair trails behind her and appears in a black-and-white projection in a cinema-like room. She appears spotting brunette hair and commands something. As the music gets more dramatic, the dream grows intense, the singer can be seen wading through space with her blonde hair trailing behind her again, the images of skulls and scars appearing and the singer being scared. A scene in which Madonna's eyes are placed with mouths and her mouth with an eye precedes the ending, influenced by the work of Kahlo; the final shots show Madonna waking up and looking out.[52]

Reception and analysis

Museum of Modern Art in New York City, where the video is kept permanently on display

The music video for "Bedtime Story" has received generally positive reviews from critics ever since its release. It was exhibited and permanently kept in different art galleries and museums, including the

high art".[57] MTV News' James Montgomery, while writing an article on the pop culture references of Britney Spears' "Hold It Against Me" music video (2011), claimed that "Bedtime Story" was an ultra artistic video, influencing Spears' one.[58] Corinna Herr wrote in the book Madonna's Drowned Worlds that "Visual references to surreal paintings seem to be a key to Madonna's world of images" and listed "Bedtime Story" as one of these videos. In the same book, author Santiago Fouz-Hernández added that videos like "Bedtime Story" included alchemical and hermeticist traditions, in particular the concepts of androgyny and masquerade.[59] Herr also wrote regarding the video's new age influences and concept of an idealised world, one "which she is not necessarily a part, but to which she nevertheless seems to be attracted".[52] Rettenmund commented that the video was rife with mystical and Sufi traditions, and described it as a "singular creation in Madonna's oeuvre".[5]

The music video has also drawn comparisons to

Russian film director Andrei Tarkovsky, including Stalker (1979) and Nostalghia (1983).[60] Jake Hall from Dazed declared "Bedtime Story" as the blueprint for "90s brand of futurism", adding that the video "eschews the obvious and instead relies on undulating CGI".[61] It can be found on the Madonna compilations, The Video Collection 93:99 (1999) and Celebration: The Video Collection (2009).[62][63]

The music video for "Bedtime Story" was published on Madonna's official YouTube channel in October 2009. It has amassed more than 7.7 million views as of September 2021.[64]

Live performances and legacy

Madonna performing "Bedtime Story" on top of a cube on her 2023–24 The Celebration Tour

The

1995 Brit Awards on February 20, 1995. Madonna wore a Versace Spring/Summer 1995 silver silk evening dress, with long blonde extensions. She even invited Björk to feature in the performance; the singer turned it down, saying "I was supposed to get [Madonna's] personal number and call her up, but it just didn't feel right. I'd love to meet her accidentally, really drunk in a bar. It's just all that formality that confuses me".[4] It was described by Music Week as a "flamboyant performance".[65] The performance was ranked number four on Marie Claire's "30 Best Brit Award Moments" list. It was described by the magazine as the "best opening performance" at the Brits. A writer described that "[Madonna] pulled out all the stops, treating the audience to a light show and trio of satin-clad male dancers".[66]

Madonna included the song on her 2004 Re-Invention World Tour, where elements of the Orbital remix were used as a video interlude.[67] As the video played, three acrobatic dancers dropped from the ceiling on swings in a Cirque du Soleil-like performance.[68][69] Madonna appeared in the video wearing a white costume while singing in front of a mirror and lying down on a big scanner. A white horse can be seen with her during the video riding on a white desert and running through white sheets. As the interlude ended, Madonna appeared on stage again to sing "Nothing Fails" (2003).[68] Glenn Gamboa of Newsday commented that the "athletic swinging" of the trapeze artists during the interlude "provides the song a grace that it never would have seen in a straight performance",[70] while Anthony J. Sanfilippo, editor of the Delaware County Daily Times, stated that "three trapeze artists who undulated in perfect synchronicity while dangerously flying out over the audience".[71]

Madonna later included "Bedtime Story" in the setlist for her 2023–24 The Celebration Tour.[72][73] The performance features the singer wearing a mirror ball body suit, on a giant cube that rises out of the stage.[73][74] The cube's screen show images of an anime-inspired Madonna in an animated world "accessing dreamlike meanders, full of creatures, rituals, possibilities that we can't explain", created by Brazilian artist Gabriel Massan.[75] It was named one of the best moments of the concert by Billboard's Joe Lynch, who wrote that she "sounded fabolous" during the number.[73] The BBC's Mark Savage included it as one of the "not so successful" moments, and stated that the performance "felt superfluous".[76]

"Bedtime Story" has been cited as one of the songs with the most unfulfilled potential in Madonna's career;

rave character to 'Bedtime Story'."[11] O'Brien wrote in Madonna: Like an Icon, that the song "foreshadowed [the singer's] move towards electronica". De Vries recalled that tackling the song "seemed to set something free in Madonna. She was straining at the leash a little bit, to find some other languages to speak, and 'Bedtime Story' was an embryonic moment that went a lot further on to the next few albums."[15] In a review for the Bedtime Stories album on a whole, Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine wrote that the song was "the germ that would later inspire Madonna to seek out and conquer electronica with the likes of William Orbit and Mirwais".[23] While ranking Madonna's 60 best singles, Chuck Arnold from Entertainment Weekly listed "Bedtime Story" at 54, calling it an "important" song in the singer's catalogue as, according to the author, it provided a "jumping-off point for the avant-garde electronica of Ray of Light".[77] Arca stated: "This song in particular and its video hit me hard and then stroked me soft, presented an infrastructure of widescreen unapologeticness so empowering that to this day, when the song starts, I smile from ear to ear and want to lick my own skin".[78]

Track listings and formats

Credits and personnel

Credits and personnel are adapted from the Bedtime Stories album liner notes.[87]

  • Madonna – lead vocals, producer
  • Björk – songwriter
  • Marius De Vries
     – producer
  • Nellee Hooper – songwriter, producer
  • Frederick Jorio – mixing
  • P. Dennis Mitchell – mixing
  • Robert Kiss – assistant engineer
  • Joey Moskowitz – programming
  • Paolo Riversi – cover art, photographer, designer
  • Michael Penn – designer

Charts

See also

References

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Bibliography

External links