bell hooks
bell hooks | |
|---|---|
PhD ) | |
| Occupations |
|
| Years active | 1978–2018 |
| Known for | Oppositional gaze |
| Notable work | |
| Website | web |
Gloria Jean Watkins (September 25, 1952 – December 15, 2021), better known by her pen name bell hooks (stylized in lowercase),
She began her academic career in 1976 teaching English and
Early life
Gloria Jean Watkins was born on September 25, 1952, to a working-class African-American family, in
An avid reader (with poets
In 1983, after several years of teaching and writing, hooks completed her doctorate in English at the
Influences
Included among hooks' influences is the American abolitionist and feminist Sojourner Truth. Truth's "Ain't I a Woman?" inspired hooks' first major book.[19] Also, the Brazilian educator Paulo Freire is mentioned in hooks' book Teaching to Transgress. His perspectives on education are present in the first chapter, "engaged pedagogy."[20] Other influences include Peruvian theologian Gustavo Gutiérrez,[21] psychologist Erich Fromm,[22] playwright Lorraine Hansberry,[23] Buddhist monk Thích Nhất Hạnh,[24] and African American writer James Baldwin.[25]
Teaching and writing
She began her academic career in 1976 as an English professor and senior lecturer in ethnic studies at the University of Southern California.[26] During her three years there, Golemics, a Los Angeles publisher, released her first published work, a chapbook of poems titled And There We Wept (1978),[27] written under the name "bell hooks." She had adopted her maternal great-grandmother's name as her pen name because, as she later put it, her great-grandmother "was known for her snappy and bold tongue, which [she] greatly admired."[7] She also said she put the name in lowercase letters to convey that what is most important to focus upon is her works, not her personal qualities: the "substance of books, not who [she is]."[28] On the unconventional lowercasing of her pen name, hooks added that, "When the feminist movement was at its zenith in the late '60s and early '70s, there was a lot of moving away from the idea of the person. It was: Let's talk about the ideas behind the work, and the people matter less... It was kind of a gimmicky thing, but lots of feminist women were doing it."[29]
In the early 1980s and 1990s, hooks taught at several post-secondary institutions, including the
At the same time, hooks became significant as a
In Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center (1984), hooks develops a critique of white feminist racism in second-wave feminism, which she argued undermined the possibility of feminist solidarity across racial lines.[38]
As hooks argued, communication and literacy (the ability to read, write, and think critically) are necessary for the feminist movement because without them people may not grow to recognize gender inequalities in society.[39]
In Teaching to Transgress (1994), hooks' attempts a new approach to education for minority students.[40] Particularly, hooks' strives to make scholarship on theory accessible to "be read and understood across different class boundaries."[41]
In 2002, hooks gave a commencement speech at Southwestern University. Eschewing the congratulatory mode of traditional commencement speeches, she spoke against what she saw as government-sanctioned violence and oppression, and admonished students who she believed went along with such practices.[42][43] The Austin Chronicle reported that many in the audience booed the speech, though "several graduates passed over the provost to shake her hand or give her a hug."[42]
In 2004, she joined Berea College as Distinguished Professor in Residence.[44] Her 2008 book, belonging: a culture of place, includes an interview with author Wendell Berry as well as a discussion of her move back to Kentucky.[45] She was a scholar in residence at The New School on three occasions, the last time in 2014.[46] Also in 2014, the Bell Hooks Institute was founded at Berea College,[3] where she donated her papers in 2017.[47]
During her time at Berea College, hooks also founded the bell hooks center[48] along with professor Dr. M. Shadee Malaklou.[49] The center was established to provide underrepresented students, especially black and brown, femme, queer, and Appalachian individuals at Berea College, a safe space where they can develop their activist expression, education, and work.[50] The center cites hooks' work and her emphasis on the importance of feminism and love as the inspiration and guiding principles of the education it offers. The center offers events and programming with an emphasis on radical feminist and anti-racist thought.[49]
She was inducted into the Kentucky Writers Hall of Fame in 2018.[2][51]
In 2020, during the George Floyd protests, there was a resurgence of interest in hooks' work on racism, feminism, and capitalism.[52]
Personal life
Regarding her sexual identity, hooks described herself as "queer-pas-gay."[53][54][55] She used the term "pas" from the French language, translating to "not" in the English language. She describes being queer in her own words as "not who you're having sex with, but about being at odds with everything around it."[56] She states, "As the essence of queer, I think of Tim Dean's work on being queer and queer not as being about who you're having sex with—that can be a dimension of it—but queer as being about the self that is at odds with everything around it and it has to invent and create and find a place to speak and to thrive and to live."[57] During an interview with Abigail Bereola in 2017, hooks revealed to Bereola that she was single while they discussed her love life. During the interview, hooks told Bereola, "I don't have a partner. I've been celibate for 17 years. I would love to have a partner, but I don't think my life is less meaningful."[58]
On December 15, 2021, bell hooks died from kidney failure at her home in Berea, Kentucky, aged 69.[2]
Buddhism
Through her interest in
She was drawn to Buddhism because of the personal and academic framework it offered her to understand and respond to suffering and discrimination as well as love and connection. She describes the Christian-Buddhist focus on everyday practice as fulfilling the centering and grounding needs of her everyday life.[62]
Buddhist thought, especially the work of Thích Nhất Hạnh, appears in multiple of hooks' essays, books, and poetry.[61] Buddhist spirituality also played a significant role in the creation of love ethic which became a major focus in both her written work and her activism.[63]
Legacy and impact
bell hooks' influence extends far beyond her Kentucky roots, marking her as one of the foremost feminist voices of contemporary times. Recognized as a visionary by Utne Reader in 1995 and acknowledged among TIME magazine's "100 Women of the Year" in 2020, hooks has earned acclaim as a rare blend of public intellectual and rock star.[64]
With a literary repertoire comprising over 30 books and contributions to prominent magazines such as Ms., Essence, and Tricycle: The Buddhist Review, hooks commands attention with her blend of social commentary, autobiography, and feminist critique. Regardless of the subject matter, her writings consistently display scholarly rigor conveyed through accessible prose.
Prior to her tenure at Berea College, hooks held teaching positions at esteemed institutions like
hooks' relevance surged amidst the racial justice movements ignited by the deaths of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor in 2020, with her work All About Love: New Visions becoming essential reading for those seeking clarity amidst societal upheaval. She continues to serve as a guiding voice, offering perspectives on the path towards justice and love in turbulent times.[66]
Films
- Black is... Black Ain't (1994)[67]
- Give a Damn Again (1995)[68]
- Cultural Criticism and Transformation (1997)[14]
- My Feminism (1997)[69]
- Voices of Power (1999)[70]
- BaadAsssss Cinema (2002)[71]
- I Am a Man: Black Masculinity in America (2004)[72]
- Happy to Be Nappy and Other Stories of Me (2004)[73]
- Is Feminism Dead? (2004)[74]
- Fierce Light: When Spirit Meets Action (2008)[75]
- Occupy Love (2012)[76]
- Hillbilly (2018)[77]
Awards and nominations
- Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics: The American Book Awards / Before Columbus Foundation Award (1991)[78]
- bell hooks: The Writer's Award from the Lila Wallace–Reader's Digest Fund (1994)[79]
- Happy to Be Nappy: NAACP Image Award nominee (2001)[80]
- Homemade Love: The Bank Street College Children's Book of the Year (2002)[81]
- Salvation: Black People and Love: Hurston/Wright Legacy Award nominee (2002)[82]
- bell hooks: Utne Reader's "100 Visionaries Who Could Change Your Life"[5][83]
- bell hooks: The Atlantic Monthly's "One of our nation's leading public intellectuals"[83]
- bell hooks: Time 100 Women of the Year, 2020[84]
Published works
Adult books
- And There We Wept: poems. Los Angeles, California: Golemics. 1978. OCLC 6230231.
- ISBN 978-0-89608-129-1.
- ISBN 978-0-89608-613-5.
- Talking Back: Thinking feminist, thinking Black. Between the Lines. 1989. ISBN 978-0-921284-09-3. Excerpted in Busby, Margaret, ed. (1992). Daughters of Africa. New York, New York: Pantheon Books.
- Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics. Boston, Massachusetts: South End Press. 1990. ISBN 978-1-1-38821-75-0.
- With ISBN 978-0-89608-414-8.
- Black Looks: Race and representation. Boston, Massachusetts: South End Press. 1992. ISBN 978-0-89608-434-6.
- Sisters of the Yam: Black women and self-recovery. Boston, Massachusetts: South End Press. 1993. ISBN 978-1138821682.
- Teaching to transgress: education as the practice of freedom. New York: Routledge. 1994. ISBN 978-0-415-90808-5.
- Outlaw Culture: Resisting Representations. New York: Routledge. 1994. ISBN 978-0-415-90811-5.
- Killing rage: ending racism. New York: Henry Holt and Co. 1995. ISBN 978-0-8050-5027-1.
- Art on my mind: visual politics. New York: The New Press. 1995. ISBN 978-1-56584-263-2.
- hooks, bell (1996). Reel to Real: Race, Sex, and Class at the Movies. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-91824-4.
- ISBN 978-0-8050-4146-0.
- Wounds of Passion: A writing life. New York: Henry Holt & Co. 1997. ISBN 978-0-8050-5722-5.
- Remembered Rapture: the writer at work. Henry Holt and Co. 1999. ISBN 978-0-8050-5910-6.
- hooks, bell (2000). Justice: childhood love lessons. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-688-16844-5.
- ISBN 978-0-06-095947-0.
- Feminism is for everybody: passionate politics. Cambridge, Massachusetts: South End Press. 2000. ISBN 978-0-89608-628-9.
- Where we stand: class matters (PDF). Routledge. 2000. ISBN 978-0-415-92913-4.
- Salvation: Black people and love. New York: Perennial. 2001. ISBN 978-0-06-095949-4.
- Communion: the female search for love. New York, New York: Perennial. 2002. ISBN 978-0-06-093829-1.
- Teaching community: a pedagogy of hope. New York: Routledge. 2003. ISBN 978-0-415-96818-8.
- Rock my soul: Black people and self-esteem. New York, New York: Atria Books. 2003. ISBN 978-0-7434-5605-0.
- The will to change: men, masculinity, and love. New York: Atria Books. 2004. OCLC 53930053.
- ISBN 978-0-203-64220-7.
- Soul Sister: Women, Friendship, and Fulfillment. Cambridge, Massachusetts: South End Press. 2005. ISBN 978-0-89608-735-4.
- With ISBN 978-0-89608-759-0.
- Belonging: a culture of place. New York, New York: Routledge. 2009. ISBN 978-0-203-88801-8.
- Teaching Critical Thinking: practical wisdom. New York, New York: Routledge. 2010. ISBN 978-0-415-96820-1.
- Appalachian Elegy: poetry and place. Kentucky Voices Series. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. 2012. ISBN 978-0-8131-3669-1.
- Writing Beyond Race: Living Theory and Practice. New York, NY: Routledge. 2013. ISBN 978-0-415-53914-2.
- With ISBN 978-1138102101.
Children's books
- Happy to be Nappy. ISBN 978-0-7868-2377-2.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link - Homemade Love. New York: ISBN 978-0786825530.
- Be boy buzz. New York: Hyperion Books for Children. 2002. ISBN 978-0786816439.
- Skin again. Chris Raschka (illustrator). New York: Hyperion Books for Children. 2004. ISBN 9780786808250.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link - Grump groan growl. Chris Raschka (illustrator). New York: Hyperion Books for Children. 2008. ISBN 978-0786808168.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link
Book sections
- hooks, bell (1993), "Black women and feminism", in Richardson, Laurel; ISBN 978-0075570011.
- hooks, bell (1996), "Continued devaluation of Black womanhood", in ISBN 978-0231107082.
- hooks, bell (1997), "Sisterhood: political solidarity between women", in ISBN 978-0816626496.
- hooks, bell (2004), "Selling hot pussy: representations of Black female sexuality in the cultural marketplace", in Richardson, Laurel; ISBN 978-0072824230. Pdf.
- hooks, bell (2005), "Black women: shaping feminist theory", in ISBN 978-1405116619.
- hooks, bell (2009), "Lorde: The Examination of Justice", in Byrd, Rudolph P.; Cole, Johnnette Betsch; Guy-Sheftall, Beverly (eds.), I Am Your Sister: Collected and Unpublished Writings of Audre Lorde, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 242–248, ISBN 978-0199846450.
References
Citations
- ^ Smith, Dinitia (September 28, 2006). "Tough arbiter on the web has guidance for writers". The New York Times. p. E3. Archived from the original on July 3, 2018. Retrieved February 21, 2017.
But the Chicago Manual says it is not all right to capitalize the name of the writer Bell Hooks because she insists that it be lower case.
- ^ a b c d Knight, Lucy (December 15, 2021). "Bell Hooks, author and activist, dies aged 69". The Guardian. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ Encyclopaedia Britannica. Stanford University. Retrieved March 31, 2022.
- ^ a b c d Hsu, Hua (December 15, 2021). "The Revolutionary Writing of Bell Hooks". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
- ^ a b "Get to Know Bell Hooks". The Bell Hooks center. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- archive.org
- ^ a b hooks, bell, "Inspired Eccentricity: Sarah and Gus Oldham" in Sharon Sloan Fiffer and Steve Fiffer (eds), Family: American Writers Remember Their Own, New York: Vintage Books, 1996, p. 152.
hooks, bell, Talking Back, Routledge, 2014 [1989], p. 161.
- from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- OCLC 35209436.
- ^ "Bone Black". Kirkus Reviews. August 15, 1996. Retrieved December 22, 2021.
- ^ Busby, Margaret (December 17, 2021). "Bell Hooks obituary | Trailblazing writer, activist and cultural theorist who made a pivotal contribution to Black feminist thought". The Guardian.
- ^ OCLC 527366247.
- ^ "Teaching to Transgress – Books". Act Build Change. July 14, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2023.
- ^ OCLC 507358041.
- ISBN 978-0313301254.
- ^ "Remembering Bell Hooks (1952-2021)". December 2021.
- from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021. WorldCat.
- ^ hooks, bell (1983). Keeping a Hold on Life: Reading Toni Morrison's Fiction. University of California, Santa Cruz.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 15, 2023.
- )
- ^ Sarkar, Somnath (July 11, 2021). "Aint I a Woman? | Feminist Theory of Bell Hooks". All About English Literature. Retrieved March 15, 2023.
- ^ Richards, Aleta (September 22, 2000). "All About Love. (Book reviews: love everybody right now)". Civil Rights Journal. 5 (1): 58–61.
- ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved March 15, 2023.
- ^ "Bell Hooks tells the story of the first time she met Thich Nhat Hanh - Lions Roar". December 21, 2017. Retrieved March 15, 2023.
- ^ hooks, bell. "Why James Baldwin Is Important: Books, Quotes, Essays, Poems, Movie, Biography * Bell Hooks Books". Retrieved March 15, 2023.
- ISBN 978-1-4129-1812-1.
- OCLC 18986103.
- ^ Williams, Heather (March 26, 2013). "Bell Hooks Speaks Up". The Sandspur. p. 1. Archived from the original on February 28, 2021. Retrieved November 10, 2019 – via Issuu.
- ^ Lowens, Randy (February 14, 2018). "How Do You Practice Intersectionalism? An Interview with Bell Hooks". Black Rose/Rosa Negra Anarchist Federation. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 17, 2021.
- ^ from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ Leatherman, Courtney (May 19, 1995). "The Real Bell Hooks". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
- ^ "Bell Hooks." Contemporary Authors Online, Gale, 2010. Literature Resource Center. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
- ISBN 978-0-8131-6067-2. Archivedfrom the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
- JSTOR 274371.
- ISBN 978-1-134-12327-8. Archived(PDF) from the original on April 14, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
- ^ "Bell Hooks". Utne. January 1, 1995. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
- JSTOR 432214.
- S2CID 216525770.
- JSTOR 20865945.
- ^ "Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom * Bell Hooks Books". Retrieved March 15, 2023.
- ^ Judd, Caitlin (December 31, 2021). "What Bell Hooks taught me". Cambridge Girl Talk. Archived from the original on September 20, 2023. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
- ^ a b Apple, Lauri (May 24, 2002). "Bell Hooks Digs In". The Austin Chronicle. Archived from the original on December 22, 2013. Retrieved December 11, 2013.
- ^ Kilker, Jean (May 24, 2002). "Postmarks – Southwestern Graduation Debacle". The Austin Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2013.
- ^ "Faculty and Staff". Berea College. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- OCLC 228676700.
- ^ "Bell Hooks returns for Third Residency at The New School". The New School. September 18, 2014. Archived from the original on November 7, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
- ^ Burke, Minyvonne; Garcia, Michelle (December 15, 2021). "Acclaimed author and activist Bell Hooks dies at 69". NBC News. Retrieved December 25, 2021.
- ^ Introducing the bell hooks center. Retrieved April 1, 2024 – via www.youtube.com.
- ^ a b "The Bell Hooks center at Berea College - Feminism is for everybody". The Bell Hooks center. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
- ^ "About the Bell Hooks center". The Bell Hooks center. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
- ^ Potter, Leslie (January 31, 2018). "Four Kentucky authors were inducted into the Kentucky Writers Hall of Fame". Kentucky Educational Television.
- ^ Bernstein, Sharon (December 15, 2021). "Black feminist writer and intellectual Bell Hooks dies at 69". Reuters. Retrieved March 15, 2023.
- ^ Ring, Trudy (December 15, 2021). "Queer Black Feminist Writer Bell Hooks Dies at 69". The Advocate. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ Goodman, Elyssa (March 12, 2019). "How Bell Hooks Paved the Way for Intersectional Feminism". them. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
- ^ Peake, Amber (December 16, 2021). "'Queer-pas-gay' identity meaning explored as Bell Hooks dies aged 69". The Focus. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
- ^ "Bell Hooks - Are You Still a Slave? Liberating the Black Female Body | Eugene Lang College". The New School. May 7, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2022.
- ^ Peake, Amber (December 16, 2021). "'Queer-pas-gay' identity meaning explored as Bell Hooks dies aged 69". TheFocus. Retrieved March 7, 2022.
- ^ Bereola, Abigail (December 13, 2017). "Tough Love With Bell Hooks". Shondaland. Retrieved March 7, 2022.
- ^ Tworkov, Helen (January 9, 2017). "Agent of Change". Tricycle: The Buddhist Review. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
- ^ hooks, bell (March 24, 2017). "Building a Community of Love – Lion's Roar". Retrieved November 27, 2022.
- ^ a b Medine, Carolyn M. Jones Medine. "Bell Hooks, Black Feminist Thought, and Black Buddhism: A Tribute." Journal of World Philosophies. 7 (Summer 2022): pages 187–196.
- ^ Yancy, George; hooks, bell (December 10, 2015). "Bell Hooks: Buddhism, the Beats and Loving Blackness". Opinionator. Retrieved November 27, 2022.
- ^ Medine, C. M. J. "Bell Hooks, Black Feminist Thought, and Black Buddhism: A Tribute". Journal of World Philosophies, volume 7, number 1, July 2022, pages 187–196, https://scholarworks.iu.edu/iupjournals/index.php/jwp/article/view/5479 .
- ^ "bell hooks: 100 Women of the Year". TIME. March 5, 2020. Retrieved March 31, 2024.
- ^ "year of bell hooks | St. Norbert College". www.snc.edu. Retrieved March 31, 2024.
- ^ "Get to know bell hooks". Berea College. Retrieved March 31, 2024.
- ^ Guthmann, Edward (May 5, 1995). "Riggs' Eloquent Last Plea for Tolerance". SFGATE. Hearst. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ McCluskey 2007, pp. 301–302.
- ProQuest 1143520117.
- ^ "Voices of Power: African-American Women. Series Title: I Am Woman". The Pennsylvania State University. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ McCluskey 2007, p. 57.
- ^ McCluskey 2007, p. 355.
- ^ "Happy to Be Nappy and Other Stories of Me". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ "Is Feminism Dead?". Films Media Group. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ProQuest 856086736.
- ProQuest 1324698794.
- ^ Crust, Kevin (October 3, 2018). "Review: Documentary 'Hillbilly' takes on media stereotypes of Appalachia". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ "The American Book Awards / Before Columbus Foundation". American Booksellers Association. 2013. Archived from the original on March 13, 2013. Retrieved December 15, 2021 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "10 Writers Win Grants". The New York Times. December 22, 1994. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ "Happy to Be Nappy". Alkebu-Lan Image. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ "Bell Hooks". The Carnegie Center for Literacy and Learning. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ a b Rappaport, Scott (April 25, 2007). "May 10 Bell Hooks event postponed". University of California, Santa Cruz, Regents of the University of California. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ hampton, dream (March 5, 2020). "Bell Hooks: 100 Women of the Year". Time. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
Cited sources
- hooks, bell (2005). "Black women: shaping feminist theory". In ISBN 978-1405116619.
- hooks, bell (1992). Black Looks: Race and Representation. Boston: South End Press. ISBN 978-0-89608-434-6.
- hooks, bell (1996). Reel to Real: Race, Sex, and Class at the Movies. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-91824-4.
- McCluskey, Audrey Thomas (2007). Frame by Frame III: A Filmography of the African Diasporan Image, 1994–2004. ISBN 978-0-253-34829-6. Archivedfrom the original on January 15, 2017. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
Further reading
- hooks, bell; Trend, David (1996), "Representation and democracy an interview", in Trend, David (ed.), Radical democracy: identity, citizenship, and the state, New York: Routledge, pp. 228–236, ISBN 978-0415912471
- Florence, Namulundah (1998). bell hooks' Engaged Pedagogy. Westport, Connecicut: Bergin & Garvey. OCLC 38239473.
- Leitch et al., eds. "bell hooks". The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001. pp. 2475–2484. ISBN 0-393-97429-4
- South End Press Collective, ed. (1998). "Critical Consciousness for Political Resistance". Talking About a Revolution. Cambridge: South End Press. pp. 39–52. OCLC 38566253.
- Stanley, Sandra Kumamoto, ed. (1998). Other Sisterhoods: Literary Theory and U.S. Women of Color. Chicago: University of Illinois Press. OCLC 36446785.
- Wallace, Michele (1998). Black Popular Culture. New York: The New Press. OCLC 40548914.
- Whitson, Kathy J. (2004). Encyclopedia of Feminist Literature. Westport, Connecticut: OCLC 54529420.
External links
Media from Commons
Quotations from Wikiquote
Data from Wikidata
- bell hooks articles published in Lion's Roar magazine.
- South End Press (books by hooks published by South End Press)
- University of California, Santa Barbara (biographical sketch of hooks)
- "Postmodern Blackness" (article by hooks)
- Whole Terrain (articles by hooks published in Whole Terrain)
- Challenging Capitalism & Patriarchy (interviews with hooks by Third World Viewpoint)
- Ingredients of Love (an interview with Ascent magazine)
- bell hooks at IMDb
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Lawrence Chua, "bell hooks" (interview), BOMB magazine, July 1, 1994
- "bell hooks remembered: 'She embodied everything I wanted to be'", The Guardian, December 16, 2021.
- "For bell hooks", Media Diversified, December 16, 2021.
- "Remembering bell hooks & Her Critique of 'Imperialist White Supremacist Heteropatriarchy'". Democracy Now!
- "bell hooks - Are You Still a Slave? Liberating the Black Female Body | Eugene Lang College", The New School (via YouTube), May 6, 2014.
