Beloniformes
Beloniformes | |
---|---|
Exocoetus volitans | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
(unranked): | Ovalentaria |
Order: | Beloniformes L. S. Berg, 1937 |
Type species | |
Belone belone
Linnaeus 1761[1] | |
Families | |
| |
Synonyms | |
|
Beloniformes
- Adrianichthyidae(ricefish and medakas)
- Belonidae(needlefish)
- Exocoetidae(flyingfishes)
- Hemiramphidae(halfbeaks)
- Scomberesocidae (sauries)
- Zenarchopteridae (viviparous halfbeaks)[2]
With the exception of the Adrianichthyidae, these are streamlined, medium-sized fishes that live close to the surface of the water, feeding on algae, plankton, or smaller animals including other fishes. Most are marine, though a few needlefish and halfbeaks inhabit brackish and fresh waters.[3]
The order is sometimes divided up into two suborders, the
The beloniforms display an interesting array of jaw morphologies. The basal condition in the order excluding the ricefishes is an elongated lower jaw in juveniles and adults as represented in halfbeaks. In the needlefish and sauries, both jaws are elongated in the adults; the juveniles of most species develop through a "halfbeak stage" before having both jaws elongated. The elongated lower jaw is lost in adults and is lost in most juveniles in the flyingfishes and some halfbeak genera.[6]
They are known for many commercial uses, and have about 260 different species. Beloniformes lack a complete sequence of mitogenomes. This leads to many variations in mtDNA, about 35 different ones. To understand evolution for Beloniformes and to identify the larvae, scientists will use Beloniformes to help them study this.[7]
Timeline of genera
References
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Belone". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
- ^ Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. "Order Summary for Beloniformes". FishBase. Retrieved 2007-02-10.
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has generic name (help) - ISBN 0-86542-256-7
- ^ ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the originalon 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2019-07-28.
- ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9.
- ^ PMID 21676722.
- PMID 30439949.
- Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2011-05-17.