Benzoylecgonine
Names | |
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IUPAC name
3β-(Benzoyloxy)tropane-2β-carboxylic acid
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Systematic IUPAC name
(1R,2R,3S,5S)-3-(Benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylic acid | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol ) |
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89637 | |
ChEBI | |
ChemSpider | |
DrugBank | |
ECHA InfoCard
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100.007.513 |
EC Number |
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KEGG | |
PubChem CID
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
C16H19NO4 | |
Molar mass | 289.331 g·mol−1 |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H301 | |
P264, P270, P301+P310, P321, P330, P405, P501 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Benzoylecgonine is the main metabolite of cocaine, formed by the liver and excreted in the urine. It is the compound tested for in most cocaine urine drug screens and in wastewater screenings for cocaine use.
Biochemistry and physiology
Chemically, benzoylecgonine is the
Urinalysis
Benzoylecgonine is the compound tested for in most substantive cocaine drug urinalyses.
Presence in drinking water
Benzoylecgonine is sometimes found in drinking water supplies. In 2005, scientists found surprisingly large quantities of benzoylecgonine in Italy's
Preliminary studies on ecological systems show that benzoylecgonine has potential toxicity issues.[7] Research is being conducted on degradation options such as advanced oxidation and photocatalysis[8] for this metabolite in an effort to reduce concentrations in waste and surface waters. At environmentally relevant concentrations, benzoylecgonine has been shown to have a negative ecological impact.[7]
See also
References
- PMID 22300096.
- S2CID 104375532, retrieved 2020-12-23
- ^ "Italian river 'full of cocaine'". BBC News. 5 August 2005. Retrieved 11 May 2014.
- ^ "Tant de coke ? Stupéfiant !". Courrier International (in French). 2 February 2006. Retrieved 11 May 2014.
- ^ Withnall, Adam (11 May 2014). "Cocaine use in Britain so high it has contaminated our drinking water, report shows". The Independent. Retrieved 11 May 2014.
- ^ PMID 23838174.
- .