Black-hooded antwren
Black-hooded antwren | |
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Male | |
Female | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Family: | Thamnophilidae |
Genus: | Formicivora |
Species: | F. erythronotos
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Binomial name | |
Formicivora erythronotos Hartlaub, 1852
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Synonyms | |
Myrmotherula erythronotos |
The black-hooded antwren (Formicivora erythronotos) is an
Taxonomy and systematics
The black-hooded antwren was originally described as Formicivora erythronotos.[3] During much of the 20th century it was placed in genus Myrmotherula but by around the year 2000 it was returned to Formicivora on the basis of a morphological and vocal study.[4][5][6]
The black-hooded antwren is
Description
The black-hooded antwren is 11 cm (4.3 in) long. Adult males have a deep rufous back, rump, and uppertail
Distribution and habitat
The black-hooded antwren was known from about 20 specimens collected in the 19th century but was not seen for more than 100 years until it was rediscovered in 1987. It was thought to occur somewhat inland near
Behavior
Movement
The black-hooded antwren is believed to be a year-round resident throughout its range.[7]
Feeding
The diet of the black-hooded antwren is not known in detail but includes insects, spiders, and small frogs. It typically forages singly, in pairs, or in family groups, and only seldom if ever as part of a
Breeding
Black-hooded antwren nests have been found between mid-August and February. Both sexes build the nest. The nest is a small cup made from rootlets and plant fibers with bryophytes on the outside, attached by its rim to a small branch near the ground. The usual clutch size is two eggs. The incubation period is 13 to 15 days and fledging occurs 10 to 11 days after hatch. Both parents incubate the eggs and brood and provision the nestlings, though the female alone broods at night.[7][9]
Vocalization
The black-hooded antwren's song is a "high, level, rattling 'tjotjotjo---' (2-3 sec)"[8] that is also described as a "three-second series of low-pitched tchóup calls"[9]. Its calls include a "soft 'chep-ep' " and an "explosive, nasal descending note that is often doubled".[7]
Status
The
References
- ^ . Retrieved 18 February 2024.
- ^ Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2024). "Antbirds". IOC World Bird List. v 14.1. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
- ^ Hartlaub, Gustav (1852). "Formicivora erythronotos". Revue Mag.Zool. 2 (IV): 4. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
- ^ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, G. Del-Rio, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 26 November 2023. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved 27 November 2023
- ^ Pacheco, J.F. 1988. Black-hooded Antwren Formicivora [Myrmotherula] erythronotos rediscovered in Brazil. Bulletin British Ornithologists' Club 108: 179-182
- ^ Gonzaga, L.P. (2001). Análise Filogenética do Gênero Formicivora Swainson, 1825 (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae) Baseada em Caracteres Morfológicos e Vocais. PhD thesis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. In Portuguese
- ^ a b c d e f Zimmer, K., M.L. Isler, and C. J. Sharpe (2020). Black-hooded Antwren (Formicivora erythronotos), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.blhant4.01 retrieved 18 February 2024
- ^ ISBN 978-0-19-530155-7.
- ^ a b c d e BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Formicivora erythronotos. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/black-hooded-antwren-formicivora-erythronotos on 18 February 2024.
- ^ MMA (2014). Lista Nacional Oficial de Espécies da Fauna Ameaçadas de Extinção. Portaria No 444, de 17 de dezembro de 2014. Diário Oficial da União – Seção 1. Nº 245, quinta-feira, 18 de dezembro de 2014
- ^ USFWS. Listing Seven Brazilian Bird Species as Endangered Throughout Their Range; Final Rule. Federal Register 28 December 2010.