Black Cat (song)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the Janet Jackson song. For other songs with the same title, see Black cat (disambiguation).

"Black Cat"
Minneapolis, Minnesota)[2][3][4]
Genre
Length4:50
LabelA&M
Songwriter(s)Janet Jackson
Producer(s)
Janet Jackson singles chronology
"Come Back to Me"
(1990) 		"Black Cat"
(1990) 		"Love Will Never Do (Without You)"
(1990)
Music video
"Black Cat" on YouTube

"Black Cat" is a song by American singer

gang violence
. It was the final song recorded for the album, after Jackson, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, composed its main riff when desiring a rock song to complete the record.

"Black Cat" was well received among critics, who praised Jackson's "maximum advantage" vocals and her seamless foray into the hard rock genre. It was a commercial success, reaching number one on the US

gold
in the United States and Australia.

Its music video, directed by

illusionary magic
, concluding with Jackson forced into a cage before transformed into a live panther.

"Black Cat" received a

Best Female Rock Vocal Performance, making her the only artist in history to receive nominations spanning five genres. It also earned Jackson a BMI Pop Award for Most Played Song. "Black Cat" has been cited as an influence by numerous artists and it has been covered by such artists as Warmen, Britney Spears, and Nanne Grönvall
.

Background

"Black Cat" was written by Jackson and produced by Jackson with Jellybean Johnson. It was a departure from her prior material, being her first sole writing credit and the first time she had worked with producers other than Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis since the release of Control. The song was a stark contrast for Jackson, transitioning from her customary style of industrial-based dance-pop to the heavy metal and hard rock genre. Jackson considered it a natural transition, having grown up listening to artists such as Led Zeppelin, Def Leppard, and Mötley Crüe.[6] She previously attempted the pop rock genre on "Come Give Your Love to Me", a single from her self-titled debut album. Jackson stated, "I'm very proud of 'Black Cat', which is the first song I've ever written on my own, as well as co-produced."[7] It became the last song recorded for the album, upon Jackson desiring a rock-influenced song to complete the record.[8] "Black Cat" is also the only pop song to be mixed by German metal engineer Michael Wagener, who is known for his work with many hard rock and heavy metal bands in the late 1980s.[9]

Jackson's idea for "Black Cat" was based on a warning to a rebel involved in substance abuse, in addition to the consequences of drug addiction. Its composition compares the theme to the folklore superstitions of cats having nine lives and black cats foreshadowing a negative omen or misfortune. She also related its title to the bold nature of a panther, saying, "I have always felt some kind of connection between myself and a panther. They're not afraid of anything, they're willing to take on anything–that's the way I feel about my work."[10] Regarding its development, she said, "I was getting dressed and ready to go to the studio. The television was on - some commercials and other stuff. I just started humming a melody. I don't know why and it kept sticking in my head. So I put it down on tape." She later recalled Jam and Lewis saying "they thought it was something that might work."[11] Jackson was heavily involved in the song's production, stating:

We were finished with the entire album and I came up with a

guitar riff, and ran up to Jimmy and Terry and told them, 'Hey, we should do this.' They said, 'We have a deadline so we couldn't possibly go onto another song.' I told them, it's ok, I'll do it, just throw me in a studio and I'll put everything together... I wrote the riff and the lyrics, and actually the whole thing.[6]

Recording

After playing a piano riff and singing the melody for

Jimmy Jam, they recorded a rough vocal track. Jam stated, "She sang me the melody, and then asked "well, what do you think it needs?" I said, Nothing. Go write some lyrics, it's fine", adding, "She had a bunch of different melodies, so we picked the two melodies that worked best."[8] Jam and Lewis chose to forego its production, deciding another producer should execute the song: "We stay away from things we can't do. It's not like, 'We've got to do this, and it's got to be our way.' We're going for the best way." Jam contacted Jellybean Johnson to develop the song with Jackson and help her produce it.[8] Johnson recalled, "She first played the groove for me on piano... I thought it would be cool if I could make Janet sound like a heavy metal queen. I knew the rest of them thought I was out of my mind, but I got a friend to play the guitars. I put toms and cymbals on it. Terry played bass and some sparse keyboards, and it was there." In addition to Johnson, guitarist Dave Barry was asked to contribute after previously providing guitar on "You Can Be Mine" from Jackson's prior album. Barry stated, "I wanted it to be authentic rock and roll. I rocked it out, then Janet and I got together to do the vocals. Janet is a very nice, warm person, and she was receptive to my ideas."[8] Jackson sang the song in an alternate tone, quickly adjusting her vocals in a single take. Johnson described, "One night I told her I wanted her to sound like a rock and roll queen on it–she usually uses one of her other voices .. this, you wanted to be funky, but more rocked out. She did it in one or two takes." Jam added, "I tried to get her to sing a couple of the other vocals in her natural [voice] with kind of an edge on it; she [initially] didn't like the way her voice sounded, but for Black Cat, that was exactly what was needed."[8]

Alternate versions

Nuno Bettencourt provides rhythm guitar on the video mix version.

In the album version of "Black Cat", the majority of the

Pornograffiti.[14][15]

The "Guitar Mix" features Vernon Reid of Living Colour. Reid stated, "'Black Cat' was one of my favorite tracks on Rhythm Nation. I had the song and learned the parts, the structure of it, and just went in and did it. I think we used the second take. I just wanted to get into that arena thing. It's meant to sound really big."[16] Jesse Johnson provided a guitar solo which was not used for the album version, but is featured in each of its remixes. The remixes have the added component of live drumming performed by Derek Organ of Switch, showcasing more of a heavy metal feel in the extended solo and double kick drums. Both versions omit the panther roar introduction and vocal refrain closing from the album edit.

Lemmy Kilmister of Motörhead intended to record a version of "Black Cat" with Jackson, but was prohibited. Lemmy stated, "I wanted to do a version of 'Black Cat' with her, but Sony wouldn't let me. You could tell from the video that she was having a good time, that this loud rock music is what she really wanted to be doing. I love that fuckin' song.. Great fuckin' song that but the record company wouldn't let it be possible."[17] Lemmy later revealed Jackson as his most desired collaboration and planned to record a new version with her for his unreleased solo album Lemmy & Friends, saying "I want to get Janet Jackson to do this great lost single called 'Black Cat'."[18] Dave Navarro recorded an additional opening and riffs throughout the version performed on Jackson's Rock Witchu Tour, appearing on screens during the rendition.[19] Navarro previously collaborated with Jackson when remixing "What'll I Do" with the Red Hot Chili Peppers.

Composition

"Black Cat"
A hard rock song, "Black Cat" displays aggression as Jackson warns of the consequences of substance abuse.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

"Black Cat" is a

Robert Palmer's "Simply Irresistible" and Deep Purple's "Smoke on the Water" by The New York Times.[32] Its instrumentation was thought to make the song a "headbanger" and successful crossover into the metal genre.'[33]

Critical reception

With [Rhythm Nation] she broke record after record, including an astounding seven top five singles. "Black Cat" hit the hardest, a pure late-'80s hard-rock anthem wailed by one intense young woman. Interestingly, it was also the first single Jackson wrote by herself. Something about fame and fortune inspired a pretty heavy fucking track, and music-lovers (and strippers) have been thankful ever since.

—Danielle Bacher, in a list of "Top 10 Rockin' Songs By Black Artists"[20]

"Black Cat" received positive reception from critics, who placed heavy emphasis on Jackson's foray into

Logo commended her delivery as it became "less breathy and gets more visceral", displaying aggression.[27] MTV News added Jackson "wailed like a total tigress" throughout the song.[42]

Stereo Review praised it as "rakish" and "strutting", also "underscored by biting blues licks and a driving beat."[54] It was also thought to be "her most rocking song ever."[55] Elsewhere, it was declared "rock-edged" and "metal-tinged", featuring "sizzling guitar work", while The Boston Globe stated the song immortalized the superstition that some people already feel towards black cats.[56][57][58]

Chart performance

In the United States, the song entered the

gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), becoming Jackson's ninth single to receive a certification.[60] In Canada, it reached number four on RPM's singles chart.[61]

Internationally, "Black Cat" reached number three in South Africa, five in Norway, six in Australia, seven in France and 10 in Switzerland. It peaked at number 11 in Ireland and 15 in the United Kingdom, also reaching number 16 in Sweden, 18 in the Netherlands, 25 in New Zealand, and within the top 35 of Belgium and Germany. It was certified gold by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA).[62]

Music video

The music video for "Black Cat" was directed by

Design of a Decade video release. The video was choreographed by Jackson and Anthony Thomas.[65]

Reception

The Los Angeles Times called it "elaborately staged" and "meticulously detailed", considered among several "great showcases for Jackson's willingness to stretch beyond her public's conceptions of her." Its "headbangin' bravado" was thought to display her diversity, adding "Jackson is too cagey to be pigeonholed."[46] Parry Gettelman of The Sentinel praised its "feline choreography."[66] Upon its premiere, Dennis Kelly of The Morning Call said, "It stands out as much for its hard-edged guitar as for the fact that Jackson wears white instead of her customary black."[67] Entertainment Weekly also commented it "mixes performance footage with shots of a leashed panther."[68] Jackson's wardrobe and suggestive choreography drew media controversy; also considered to start fashion trends.[69] Lisa Jones of The Village Voice observed Jackson's ensemble to cause a "butt revolution" and increase the fetish for a woman's posterior among the general public, questioning "Once you've seen Janet Jackson gyrate in 'Black Cat,' can you really go back to Twiggy?"[69] In Dear Teen Me: Authors Write Letters to Their Teen Selves, author Jo Whittemore recalled, "You think you're sexy. And we can blame Janet Jackson for that. She's all the rage.. with 'Rhythm Nation' and 'Black Cat' topping the charts, and her music videos are hot. She's sexy, and you want to be sexy, too. That means lace-up boots, tight clothes, and killer dance moves."[70]

Live performances

Jackson during the performance of "Black Cat" on her Number Ones, Up Close and Personal tour (2011).

Jackson performed the song at the opening of the 1990 MTV Video Music Awards as her debut performance on the ceremony. During the performance, the singer ripped open her top to expose a black bra underneath, and became highly controversial in the media for its provocative nature, considered to usher in "a new age of sexual spontaneity." It was viewed as the first "shocking" performance of her career due to Jackson having a virginal teenage image, in addition to the portrayal of femme sexuality considered taboo at the time. MTV News explained halfway through her performance, "Although this was no wardrobe malfunction, it was a nonetheless shocking move."[71] It was ranked among "10 Amazing, Shocking Unscripted Moments From '90s MTV", saying "Janet Jackson ushered in a new age of sexual spontaneity on live television [...]. It seems tame now, but it was just the beginning of the more sexualized image she took on in the '90s."[72] VH1 also called it a "fiery rendition."[73] Regarding the performance, Jackson explained, "In the concert, I normally open up my blouse, but for the MTV Awards we found this really neat top that had snaps instead of buttons. So when I undid it - the whole thing went!"[60]

It was performed on the

illusionary magic of Jackson transforming into a panther in a cage.[74][75] During the act, "menacing, feline dancers forced Jackson into a cage and covered it with a silver cloth. When they pulled it off, a real, live panther was prowling inside."[76] The performance was also considered as "a rocker booming with guitar solos and fireworks", commended for "utilizing illusions" to entertain the crowd.[51] Dave Tianen of The Sentinel added, "Shifting emotions as quickly as she shifted her head, shoulders, and hips, Jackson and crew launched into a thrashing version of "Black Cat", completed by whining guitar rifts comparable to much heavy metal."[49] On the tour's opening night, Jackson stated, "The black cat, he peed - on stage!", causing her and several dancers to slip and fall while performing.[60] The panther, named Rhythm, was subsequently removed from the tour after the first leg due to safety concerns, as well as her own love of animals.[77]

The song was performed on all of Jackson's subsequent tours. Jackson's rendition on the Janet World Tour was praised for maintaining "familiar elements" such as its "feline choreography", endeavoring to "bring her MTV videos to life."[66] It was considered a highlight performance on The Velvet Rope Tour, with The Baltimore Sun saying "her singing on "Black Cat" was commanding enough to hold its own against the wailing electric guitar."[78] On the All for You Tour, Jackson wore a geisha/Wonder Woman outfit during a segment inspired by Chinatown.[79][80] For the Rock Witchu Tour, Jackson performed a "fiery rendition" with guitarist Dave Navarro appearing on screens, "contributing pealing licks via a recorded video."[81] It was considered the "hardest-rocking song of the night", bolstered by its "blistering riffs."[82][83] In a review of Number Ones, Up Close and Personal, the Philippine Daily Inquirer stated, "'Black Cat' engulfed us in rock 'n' roll bliss, the band's lead guitarist shredding the notes while Janet knelt and undulated in front of him."[84] Jackson also included the song on her 2015–2016 Unbreakable World Tour; according to George Varga of The San Diego Union-Tribune, "when she ripped into such classics as [...] 'Black Cat' and the climactic 'Rhythm Nation', she soared like a champion".[85] Jackson also included the song on her 2019 Las Vegas Residency Janet Jackson: Metamorphosis.

Legacy

Several songs on Nicole Scherzinger's debut album were inspired by "Black Cat."

"Black Cat" has influenced the production of numerous songs and inspired various artists to foray into the rock genre. Record producer

Motown Records and do the same thing. So they were instilling and pouring into my soul the whole time."[94]

In popular culture

"Black Cat" is included in the multi-console video game

WCW theme "Big Brother" was inspired by the song.[99] Jacqueline Moore used the song as her theme while in the United States Wrestling Association. It was also used as the theme for the mascot of the Indiana Pacers.[100]

Cover versions

Japanese Hospitality, featuring vocals by Jonna Kosonen.[103][104] Swedish singer Nanne Grönvall covered the song on her sixth album My Rock Favourites.[105] Roz Ellington recorded a funk rock version for her debut album, Touched.[106] Alanis Morissette performed live covers of "Black Cat" while part of Canadian band The New York Fries.[93] Shirley Kwan recorded a Cantonese version for her album Lost in the Night. Sally Yeh also covered the song in Cantonese In 1991. Canadian rock singer Lee Aaron
has been known to perform the song in concerts, as recently as 2023.

"Black Cat" was performed on the third season of

American Idols LIVE! Tour 2002.[110]

Accolades

"Black Cat" received a

Best Female Rock Vocal Performance, making Jackson the only artist in history to receive Grammy nominations spanning five genres (pop, dance, rock, rap, and R&B).[111][112] The song also made her the first female artist to have a Grammy nominated number-one song which they had solely written and produced. It won a BMI Pop Award for Most Played Song.[113] Upon reaching number one on the Billboard Hot 100, it also made Jackson the first solo artist to achieve two number one hits in the nineties.[59]

Track listings

Select releases include "The 1814 Megamix" as its B-side. Remixed by Alan Coulthard, it includes snippets of "Alright", "Escapade", "Rhythm Nation", and "Miss You Much."

Official remixes

Charts

Certifications

Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[62] Gold 35,000^
United States (RIAA)[151] Gold 500,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

See also

  • List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1990

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External links

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