Black bishop

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Black bishop
Male in Bigodi Swamp, Uganda

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Ploceidae
Genus: Euplectes
Species:
E. gierowii
Binomial name
Euplectes gierowii
Cabanis, 1880
Synonyms

Pyromelana ansorgei
Euplectes friederichseni

The black bishop (Euplectes gierowii) is a species of passerine bird in the family Ploceidae native to Africa south of the Sahara.[2] Three subspecies are recognised.

Taxonomy

The black bishop was first described by the German ornithologist Jean Cabanis in 1880 and named after H. Gierow, a Swedish explorer and collector in Angola.[3] It is sometimes placed with E. aureus and E. hordeaceus in a separate genus, Groteiplectes.[4]

A study of the molecular

widowbirds published in 2008 found that it formed part of a clade along with the fire-fronted bishop (E. diadematus), black-winged red bishop (E. hordeaceus), northern red bishop (E. franciscanus), southern red bishop (E. orix), Zanzibar red bishop (E. nigroventris) and red-collared widowbird (E. ardens).[5]
An alternate common name is Gierow's bishop.

Subspecies

Three subspecies of the black bishop are now recognized.[4][6]

  • E. g. ansorgei (E. Hartert, 1899), or northern black bishop, inhabits Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, and Kenya – especially around Lake Victoria basin and Kakamega.[7] This subspecies is named after its discoverer Dr. W. J. Ansorge.[8]
  • E. g. gierowii Cabanis, 1880, known as the Angola black bishop, inhabits Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • E. g. friederichseni Fischer and A. Reichenow, 1884, or southern black bishop, inhabits Kenya and Tanzania around Babati, and sporadically to Lake Manyara and Serengeti National Park; possibly along Southern Uaso Nyiro River.[7]

Description

Illustration of E. g. ansorgei by J. G. Keulemans (1899)

At 14 to 16 cm (5.5–6.3 in), the black bishop is large for its genus.

isabelline. The upper back is golden yellow and the rump is brown. The conical bill, characteristic of finches, is black and the tarsus is brown.[8] Females are dark, including the sides of the face, have boldly spotted under tail-coverts, and dark spots on a buff breast. The female's wing linings are black. The non-breeding male is black on the back, wings and rump, with yellowish supercilia and chin; the sides of face and breast are tawny buff. The juvenile resembles the female but has smaller breast spots.[7] The calls comprise various subdued twittering sounds,[9] including see-zee see-zee see-zhe see-zhe SEE-ZHEE, zee-zee-zeezee-zee, and hishaah, hishaah, SHAAAAAAH, tsee-tseet-tseet-tseet.[7]

Distribution and habitat

The black bishop is native to Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its preferred habitats are grasslands, shrublands, and wetlands.[1]

Behaviour

The black bishop can sometimes be found in small flocks, but is not a highly gregarious species,[9] especially when nesting.[7] It is probably polygynous. The male defends the territory during breeding season.[10]

References

  1. ^ . Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  2. ^ "Black Bishop Euplectes gierowii". BirdLife International. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
  3. .
  4. ^ a b "Black Bishop (Euplectes gierowii)". Internet Bird Collection (IBC). Retrieved 30 May 2011.
  5. PMID 17964815
    .
  6. ^ Mayr, E; J C Greenway Jr., eds. (1962). Check-List of Birds of the World. Volume 15. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 66.
  7. ^ .
  8. ^ a b Ansorge, W. J. (1899). Under the African sun. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co. p. 344.
  9. ^ .
  10. .

External links