Blouse
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A blouse (/blaʊz, blaʊs, bluːz/)[1][2] is a loose-fitting upper garment that may be worn by workmen, peasants, artists, women, and children.[3][4] It is typically gathered at the waist or hips (by tight hem, pleats, parter, or belt) so that it hangs loosely ("blouses"[5]) over the wearer's body.[4] Today, the word most commonly refers to a girl's or woman's dress shirt, although there is considerable confusion between a true blouse and a women's shirt.[6] It can also refer to a man's shirt if it is a loose-fitting style (e.g. poet shirts and Cossack shirts),[3][7] though it rarely is. Traditionally, the term has been used to refer to a shirt which blouses out or has an unmistakably feminine appearance, although even many "standard" shirts today have a somewhat blousy fit, and the numbers of men wearing such shirts may match (or even exceed) that of women wearing actual blouses.
The term is also used for some men's military uniform jackets.[8]
Etymology
Blouse is a loanword from French to English (see Wiktionary entry blouse). Originally referring to the blue blouse worn by French workmen,[3] the term "blouse" began to be applied to the various smocks and tunics worn by English farm labourers. In 1870, blouse was first referenced as being "for a young lady."[9]
It is suggested that the French form of the word comes from the Latin pelusia, from the Egyptian town of Pelusium, a manufacturing center in the Middle Ages, or alternatively from Provençal (lano) blouso 'short (wool)'.[10]
Description
Blouses usually consist of light fabrics such as silk or thin cotton fabrics, until the early 1990s are often made of softly falling synthetic fibers (e.g. polyester). Sometimes they are decorated with frills, embroidery or loops. The classic of the ladies' blouses is the white shirt blouse (following the classic elegant white men's shirt). Here the combination possibilities are particularly diverse. The open spade, peter pan, reverse and revere collar is another common type of classic ladies' blouse.
Blouses are often made of cotton or silk cloth and may or may not include a
Tailoring provides a closer fit to the wearer's shape. This is achieved with sewing of features such as princess seams or darting in the waist and/or bust.
Blouses (and many women's shirts with buttons) usually have
Female
Although in all the cases proposed the reasons for the distinction no longer exist, it continues out of custom or tradition.
While most women prefer to have the top button open for better comfort, some blouses made for women have looser necklines so the top button can be fastened without compromising comfort, but giving the same stylish appearance.
Some women attach various pins and ornaments to their blouses over a fastened top button for style. Some of these attach directly to the button itself, others to the collars.
History
Pre-WW1
Blouses are historically a cask style, mostly mail-like garment[
Some blouses do not have a top button at all, and collars are intentionally styled to be open. They also form part of some nations' traditional folk costume.
During the later Victorian period blouses became common for informal, practical wear. A simple blouse with a plain skirt was the standard dress for the newly expanded female (non-
German magazine "Die Woche" wrote in 1913 about ladies' blouses in connection with riding:
- "Even if more and more justification is given for the hot summer days of the casual blouse, the classic riding dress made of velvet or English linen still remains unmatched."
At the end of the 19th century the sailor blouses derived from
The high collar in blouses was pushed out during this time by the halsferne variant. Specialist shops also offered "ladies' cloaks". KdW in Berlin applied in his illustrated main catalog: 1913 among other things a backfisch-confection, with eight blouses between 2.75 and 9.50 Marks. The simplest model was a "wash blouse, navy, white spotted", the most expensive one "blouse, white, wash, with tip and stick". One of the novelties of the season was the pointed "Charmeuse blouse, very elegant form, pure silk, with very fluffy crepe and lace gown".
The inter-war years
Various new and different forms of collar emerged in the 1920s. They diminished in sizes by the 1950s,[3] but were often large in the 1930s.[3]
The silk 'jumper blouse'[3] and the low-cut 'V-neck shirt' (or Chelsea collared blouse)[3] were the fashion hit of the 1920s.[3] They had full length, short, 3⁄4 length and bell shaped sleeves.[3]
Styles since World War Two
The size of collars had diminished by the 1950s,
The sleeves had been shortened during the early 1950s to the 1⁄2 and 1⁄4 length in Europe. They were reduced again in the mid-1990s and are now regularly at the 7⁄8, 1⁄2, 1⁄3 and 1⁄4 length around the world. As the eye will be drawn to the naked flesh below the sleeve, designers often use sleeve length to focus the minds eye on the slimmer parts of the arm, particularly short sleeve blouses below the elbow to give the illusion of a slimmer arm. Sleeveless tops were fashionable and a topical item in Western Europe and North America during the mid-2000s.[citation needed]
Many fashionable styles of both the 1970s and 1980s were on the go again after the millennium in the blouse fashion: double cuffs, extra wide pointed collar, belt around the waist, synthetic fibre and the like. Often the blouses also embroidery or "crystal stocking", have especially on collar and string. The blouses with the so-called three-quarter arm were a striking phenomenon of the 1990s. Blouses can be combined well and easily with a
Eco movement
As part of the Eco movement, folk blouses for women were cut from natural materials such as flax, linen and cotton. Men also wore these "Frisian blouses" on occasion.
Cultural blouse styles
Use with a dirndl
The traditional dirndl of Bavaria and rural Austria is usually worn with a white blouse. These blouses are usually made of light fabric (textile), such as silk or cotton thin, until the early 1990s still often from soft covered by art faserstoffen (such as polyester and satin). They often have fanciful decorations (such as frills, embroidery, or grinding) and are a classic among the women's blouses—here the fashionable combination possibilities are especially varied. The open Spaten—or lapel collar—is another common type of a classic ladies' blouse.[11]
The blouse is worn under the bodice of the dirndl. It is cropped above the midriff. The blouse changes the overall effect of the dirndl especially through the cut of its neckline. A deeply cut blouse combines with a deeply cut bodice to accentuate décolletage, whereas a blouse with a high neckline creates a more modest effect. In traditional designs, the blouse neckline is at the base of the throat. Other popular necklines are V-shaped, balconette or heart-shaped. Materials most often used are cambric, linen or lace; the colour is usually white. Short puff sleeves are typical, although narrow sleeves (short or long) are also common.[11][12] [13][14]
Use in Aboyne dress
In one version, a tartan pattern skirt is worn with an over-the-shoulder plaid, a white blouse and petticoat, and a velvet bodice. The alternative is a white dress over a petticoat, together with a tartan pattern sash. A typical Aboyne dress consists of a dark bodice or elaborate waistcoat, decorative blouse, full tartan skirt and some times a petticoat and apron. Some have a tartan sash (usually draped over the shoulder and coming down towards the hem of the skirt in the back) rather than an apron.[15] [16] [17] [18]
The blouse jacket or blouson
The blouse jacket or blouson is garment drawn tight at the waist with blousing hanging over the waist band. The new style of man's Chetten loose blouse coat is made of stronger material or with inner lining, which can be worn alone or as a step on for a top. It is related to the Eisenhower jacket.
See also
References
- ^ "blouse" – via The Free Dictionary.
- ^ "Definition of BLOUSE". Merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "The History of Blouse". Patra Selections Blog: Silk Clothing and Underwear. 30 March 2015.
- ^ a b The Concise Oxford English Dictionary
- ^ "blouse – definition of blouse by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia". Thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
- ^ "Glossary B # 3". Apparelsearch.com. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
- ISBN 978-1-56367-465-5.
- ^ "Marine Dictionary". Toysforkidsvt.com. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
- ISBN 978-0-19-954793-7. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "blouse – Origin and meaning of blouse by Online Etymology Dictionary". etymonline.com.
- ^ a b "Ein Kleid für die Dirn' – Mode & Kosmetik – derStandard.at › Lifestyle". Derstandard.at. 5 September 2006.
- ^ "The essential Dirndl (and Lederhosen) guide". www.austria.info. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
- ISBN 978-3-7025-0693-3
- ^ "Dirndlbluse, die". Duden. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
- ^ "Aboyne". Highland Reel. Highland Reel, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
- ISBN 978-1565545601.
- ^ "Aboyne Highland Games". Aboyne Highland Games. Aboyne Highland Games Committee. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
- ^ "Bridal Blouse For Wedding". Gounique.in. 2 December 2021.