Bodawpaya
Bodawpaya ဘိုးတော်ဘုရား | |
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Theravada Buddhism |
Bodawpaya (
Burma. Born Maung Shwe Waing and later Badon Min, he was the fourth son of Alaungpaya, founder of the dynasty and the Third Burmese Empire. He was proclaimed king after deposing his nephew Phaungkaza Maung Maung, son of his eldest brother Naungdawgyi, at Ava. Bodawpaya moved the royal capital back to Amarapura in 1782. He was titled Hsinbyumyashin (lit. 'Lord of the White Elephants'), not to be confused with his older brother Hsinbyushin. However, he became known to posterity as Bodawpaya (Grandsire) in relation to his successor, his grandson Bagyidaw (Royal Elder Uncle), who in turn was given this name in relation to his nephew Mindon Min. He fathered 70 sons and 67 daughters by about 54 consorts.[1]
Military expeditions
Also known as Bodaw U Waing, he invaded
Mahamuni Buddha image, among other treasures such as the Khmer bronze statues, were brought back to mainland Burma; these can still be seen in Mandalay. Also taken were 20,000 captives as slaves to pagodas and temples, and the nobility at Amarapura. Once Arakan was annexed as a province of Burma, her borders became contiguous with British India. The Arakanese revolted in 1794, and the British Governor of India Sir John Shore (later Lord Teignmouth) sent Captain Michael Symes on an embassy, fully equipped to gather as much information as possible about the country, to the Court of Ava as the kingdom was still known to the outside world.[2][3]
Bodawpaya
invaded Siam again in 1809, but was fended off by Maha Senanurak
. The Burmese loss of Lan Na during the failed invasion proved to be the end of their 200-year rule.
In 1816, the
Religion and culture
Bodawpaya proclaimed himself the next messianic
In 1790 Bodawpaya began the construction of a gigantic
Tsar bell, broke,[11] until the larger Bell of Good Luck was cast and first rung for the new year in 2000. During his reign Bodawpaya also proved to be a great patron of the performing arts; he appointed a minister called Thabin Wun (သဘင်ဝန်), and established strict regulations by royal decree (အမိန့်တော် a meint daw).[12] He also ordered a major economic survey of the kingdom in 1784.[7]
Bodawpaya was succeeded after his death in 1819 by his grandson, Prince of Sagaing, who later became known as Bagyidaw. The Heir Apparent, father of Bagyidaw, had died in 1808.[citation needed]
References
- ^ U Thein Tin, Nyo Mya (2003). The Quest for Konbaung. Yangon, Burma: Centenary Bookhouse. p. 95.
- ^ a b D.G.E.Hall (1960). Burma (PDF). Hutchinson University Library. pp. 93–95. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2005.
- ^ a b c Michael Symes (1800). An Account of an Embassy to the Kingdom of Ava, sent by the Governor-General of India, in the year 1795 (PDF). London: W. Bulmer & Co. pp. 39–40. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 April 2007. Retrieved 15 March 2007.
- ^ E. A. Gait 1926 A History of Assam: 225–227
- ^ Dr. S.K. Bhuyan 1968 Tungkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam(1681–1826) : 197–203
- ^ U Thein Tin, Nyo Mya (2003). The Quest for Konbaung. Yangon, Burma: Centenary Bookhouse. pp. 120–121.
- ^ a b "Bodawpaya". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 15 March 2007.
- ^ a b Bischoff, Roger (1995). Buddhism in Myanmar – A Short History (PDF). Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society. pp. 110–118. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 July 2004. Retrieved 5 June 2007.
- ^ "Mingun". Myanmar's Net Inc. Archived from the original on 21 May 2007. Retrieved 14 March 2007.
- ^ "The Mingun Bell". Myanmar's Net Inc. Archived from the original on 9 September 2012. Retrieved 14 March 2007.
- ^ "The World's Three Largest Bells". Blagovest Bells. Archived from the original on 1 April 2007. Retrieved 14 March 2007.
- ^ Dr. Khin Maung Nyunt (1998). "King Bodawpaya's Dramatic Performance Law". Perspective. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 14 March 2007.
Bibliography
- Charney, Michael W. (2006). Powerful Learning: Buddhist Literati and the Throne in Burma's Last Dynasty, 1752–1885. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.
- Koenig, William J. "The Burmese Polity, 1752–1819: Politics, Administration, and Social Organization in the early Kon-baung Period", Michigan Papers on South and Southeast Asia, Number 34, 1990.
- Lieberman, Victor B. " Political Consolidation in Burma Under the Early Konbaung Dynasty, 1752-c. 1820." Journal of Asia History 30.2 (1996): 152–168.
- Hall, D.G.E. (1960). Burma (3rd ed.). Hutchinson University Library. ISBN 978-1406735031.
- Harvey, G. E. (1925). History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.
- Htin Aung, Maung (1967). A History of Burma. New York and London: Cambridge University Press.
- Letwe Nawrahta and Twinthin Taikwun (c. 1770). Hla Thamein (ed.). Alaungpaya Ayedawbon (in Burmese) (1961 ed.). Ministry of Culture, Union of Burma.
- Maung Maung Tin, U (1905). Konbaung Hset Maha Yazawin (in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2004 ed.). Yangon: Department of Universities History Research, University of Yangon.
- Myint-U, Thant (2006). The River of Lost Footsteps—Histories of Burma. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 978-0-374-16342-6.
- Phayre, Lt. Gen. Sir Arthur P. (1883). History of Burma (1967 ed.). London: Susil Gupta.
External links
- Wanderings in Burma by George W Bird, 1897 F J Bright & Son, London, pp 316A, 318, 318A, 320A inc. old photos of Mingun by Signor Beaton of Mandalay