Bombay Castle (1792 EIC ship)
| History | |
|---|---|
.svg){kind=small} Great Britain | |
| Name | Bombay Castle |
| Namesake | Bombay Castle |
| Owner |
|
| Builder | Randall, Rotherhithe[1] |
| Launched | 1 October 1792[1] |
| Fate | Sold 1807 for breaking up |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | East Indiaman |
| Tons burthen | 1234,[2] 1252,[3] or 125410⁄94[1] (bm) |
| Length | |
| Beam | 42 ft 2 in (12.9 m)[2] |
| Depth of hold | 17 ft 0 in (5.2 m)[2] |
| Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
| Complement | |
| Armament | |
| Notes | Three decks |
Bombay Castle was launched in 1792 as an East Indiaman. She made six voyages for the British East India Company (EIC) before she was sold in 1807 for breaking up. In addition to carrying cargo for the EIC, she transported troops in one campaign, participated in a naval action in which she helped capture a French frigate, and played a leading role in an encounter between the French Navy and a fleet of East Indiamen in which the East Indiamen succeeded in bluffing the French to withdraw.
Career
EIC voyage #1 (1793–1794)
Captain Alexander Montgomerie sailed from
EIC voyage #2 (1795–1797)
War with France had commenced shortly after Bombay Castle had left on her first voyage. Captain John Hamilton acquired a letter of marque on 26 February 1795. He sailed Bombay Castle for Bombay and China.[2] She was part of a convoy of Indiamen that were bringing General Alured Clarke and his troops for the invasion of the Cape Colony.
The fleet rendezvoused at St Salvadore.
Bombay Castle sailed on 13 July, together with the other Indiamen, and under the escort of Sphinx. However, Sphinx ran into Warren Hastings and both vessels returned to port, Exeter accompanying them.[4]
Bombay Castle and the fleet reached the Cape of Good Hope on 3 September.[2]
After her service at the Cape was over, Bombay Castle resumed her voyage and reached Bombay on 4 January 1796 Bombay. She visited
In March 1806 the commander, officers, and crew of Bombay Castle shared in the award of prize money for the capture on 16 September 1795 of the Cape, and the capture on 16 February 1796 of Columbo.[5]
EIC voyage #3 (1798–1799)
Captain Hamilton sailed from Portsmouth on 17 February 1798, bound for Bombay and China. Bombay Castle reached Bombay on 4 June and arrived at Whampoa on 15 October. She crossed the Second Bar on 4 January 1799, was at Malacca on 22 February, reached St Helena on 17 May, and arrived at Long Reach 1 August.[2]
EIC voyage #4 (1800–1801)
Captain John Hamilton sailed from Torbay on 27 May 1800, bound for China.
Belliqueux and the Indiamen reached Rio de Janeiro on 12 August. They sailed on to the Cape, which they reached on 23 December.[2] They sailed to China via the Pacific. On 21 January 1801 they touched at Merir. There four tattooed natives came out to trade, but the British could not persuade the natives to come on Neptune's deck.[7] The British reached Whampoa on 23 February. Homeward bound, Bombay Castle crossed the Second Bar on 30 March, reached St Helena on 21 September, and arrived at Long Reach on 8 December.[2]
EIC voyage #5 (1802–1804)
Captain Archibald Hamilton sailed from The Downs on 23 December 1802, bound for Bombay and China. Bombay Castle reached Bombay on 30 May 1803. She was at Malacca on 28 August, and arrived at Whampoa on 1 October.[2]
Bombay Castle crossed the Second Bar on 23 December.
She was part of a convoy of returning East Indiamen and other vessels, all under the command of Captain Nathaniel Dance. The Royal Navy was unable to provide an escort and the captains of the EIC's China Fleet debated about setting out for home. Still, the China Fleet crossed the Second Bar on 31 January 1804 and left China on 6 February.
As they were passing through the
Dance sent the brig Ganges and three Indiamen, one of them Bombay Castle, to approach the strange vessels and investigate. It quickly became clear that the strange vessels were enemy warships.
Dance ordered his fleet to form a line of battle, while creating a bluff that four of his Indiamen were a squadron of ships of the line escorting the convoy. A skirmish ensued with the result that Linois, somewhat inexplicably, withdrew.[8]
On 18 February the Indiamen were at Malacca. On 28 February, the British ships of the line HMS Sceptre and Albion joined the Fleet in the Strait and conducted them safely to St Helena.[9]
Bombay Castle was at Penang on 1 March. She reached St Helena on 9 June and arrived at Gravesend on 16 August.[2]
On the fleet's safe return, the EIC voted rewards to all the officers and seamen involved in the battle. The 12 captains whose vessels did not engage in combat, including Hamilton, each received a reward of 500
EIC voyage #6 (1805–1806)
Captain Archibald Hamilton acquired a letter of marque on 17 December 1804. Bombay Castle left from Portsmouth on 1 February 1805, bound for Bengal and China. She sailed with four other Indiamen and two whalers. The four Indiamen were Royal George, Henry Addington, Wexford, and Earl of Abergavenny. HMS Weymouth, herself a former merchantman, provided the naval escort. No sooner had they sailed than bad weather set in and on 5 February the fleet made for Portland Roads, some 10 leagues away. As they did so, Earl of Abergavenny struck on the Shambles off the Isle of Portland and then sank in Weymouth Bay with the loss of 263 lives, including her captain, out of 402 people on board.[10]
Hamilton sailed from Portsmouth again on 17 February, bound for Bombay and China. Bombay Castle reached Bombay on 21 June. She was at Penang on 25 September and Malacca on 10 October, and arrived at Whampoa on 27 December. Homeward bound, she left Whampoa on 1 March 1806, reached St Helena on 2 July, and arrived at Long Reach on 6 September.[2]
Fate
Bombay Castle was sold in 1807 for breaking up.[1]
Citations
- ^ a b c d Hackman (2001), p. 69.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p British Library: Bombay Castle (2).
- ^ a b c d e "Letter of Marque, p.53 - accessed 25 July 2017" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
- ^ Lloyd's List №2762.
- ^ "No. 15900". The London Gazette. 18 March 1806. p. 357.
- ^ Lloyd's List, №4117.
- ^ Hezel (1979).
- ^ a b c Hardy & Hardy (1811), pp. 119–125.
- ^ Lloyd's List, n°4478.
- ^ Grocott (1997), pp. 194–5.
References
- Grocott, Terence (1997). Shipwrecks of the Revolutionary & Napoleonic Eras. London: Chatham. ISBN 1861760302.
- Hackman, Rowan (2001). Ships of the East India Company. Gravesend, Kent: World Ship Society. ISBN 0-905617-96-7.
- Hardy, Charles; Hardy, Horatio Charles (1811). A register of ships, employed in the service of the Honorable the United East India Company, from the year 1760 to 1810: with an appendix, containing a variety of particulars, and useful information interesting to those concerned with East India commerce. Black, Parry, and Kingsbury.
- Hezel, Francis X. (1979). Foreign Ships in Micronesia: A Compendium of Ship Contacts with the Caroline and Marshall Islands, 1521-1885.