Boris Rotman
Marcos Boris Rotman | |
---|---|
Universidad de Chile Karolinska Institute Weizmann Institute of Science – Dept. of Chemical Immunology | |
Thesis | A heritable conversion of phenotype in yeast. (1952) |
Doctoral advisor | Salvador Luria and Sol Spiegelman |
Other academic advisors | Joshua Lederberg |
Marcos Boris Rotman (December 4, 1924 – July 11, 2021) was a Chilean American
Education
Rotman attended elementary and high school at the
Research career
In 1961, Rotman developed a system capable of measuring the enzymatic activity of individual molecules of beta-galactosidase and used it to conduct the first single-molecule experiment in biology.[4][5][6][7][11]
These early experiments remained obscure for more than 30 years, but they are now recognized as pioneering and highly influential.
It is noteworthy that the first single-molecule experiment utilized two innovative technologies, droplet-based microfluidics and fluorogenic substrates. The former was developed by J. F. Collins to measure penicillinase content of individual Bacillus licheniformis.[13] The latter, fluorogenic substrates are non-fluorescent compounds yielding fluorescent products upon enzymatic action. Fluorogenic substrates serve to increase the sensitivity of enzyme assays and many are commercially available.
In 1966, Rotman and Papermaster discovered fluorochromasia, a universal cellular phenomenon characterized by the immediate appearance of bright green fluorescence inside viable cells upon exposure to certain membrane permeable fluorogenic substrates such as fluorescein diacetate, fluorescein dibutyrate, and fluorescein dipropionate.[14] The phenomenon is commonly used to measure cellular viability of many different species including animals, embryos, plants, and microorganisms.
In 1968, Rotman and Celada reported existence of a subset of
Awards
In 1990, Rotman received the State of Rhode Island Governor's Award for Scientific Excellence.[17]
Selected publications
- Rotman, B.; Spiegelman, S. (October 1, 1954). "On the origin of the carbon in the induced synthesis β-galactosidase in Escherichia coli". Journal of Bacteriology. 68 (4): 419–429. PMID 13201546.
- Rotman, B. (December 1, 1961). "Measurement of activity of single molecules of β-D-galactosidase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 47 (12): 1981–1991. PMID 14038788.
- Rotman, Boris; Zderic, John A.; Edelstein, Marvene (June 22, 1963). "Fluorogenic Substrates for β -D-galactosidases and Phosphatases Derived from Fluorescein (3, 6-dihydroxyfluoran) and Its Monomethyl Ether". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 50 (1): 1–6. PMID 13975398.
- Rotman, B.; Papermaster, B. W. (January 1, 1966). "Membrane properties of living mammalian cells as studied by enzymatic hydrolysis of fluorogenic esters". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 55 (1): 134–141. PMID 5220862.
- Ganesan, A. K.; Rotman, B. (March 1, 1966). "Transport systems for galactose and galactosides in Escherichia coli: I. Genetic determination and regulation of the methyl-galactoside permease". Journal of Molecular Biology. 16 (1): 42–50. PMID 5331243.
- Celada, F.; Rotman, B. (March 1, 1967). "A fluorochromatic test for immunocytotoxicity against tumor cells and leucocytes in agarose plates". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 57 (3): 630–636. PMID 16591510.
- Rotman, M B; Celada, F (June 1, 1968). "Antibody-mediated activation of a defective beta-D-galactosidase extracted from an Escherichia coli mutant". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 60 (2): 660–667. PMID 4882747.
- Rotman, B.; Ganesan, A. K.; Guzman, R. (September 14, 1968). "Transport systems for galactose and galactosides in Escherichia coli: II. Substrate and inducer specificities". Journal of Molecular Biology. 36 (2): 247–260. PMID 4939625.
- Maloney, P. C.; Rotman, B. (January 1, 1973). "Distribution of suboptimally induced β-d-galactosidase in Escherichia coli: The enzyme content of individual cells". Journal of Molecular Biology. 73 (1): 77–91. PMID 4570383.
References
- ^ American Men & Women of Science (2008), Vol. 6, pg. 345
- ^ "Brown University". Retrieved October 10, 2018.
- PMID 20163145.
- ^ PMID 21809196.
- ^ S2CID 1460026.
- ^ PMID 19206276.
- ^ PMID 23215010.
- ^ Homenaje a Marcos Boris Rotman (Q.E.P.D)
- ^ Mathys, J.M.; Smithsonian Archives; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (1992). Guide to the collections of the Smithsonian Videohistory Program: sponsored by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. Smithsonian Institution Archives. p. 8. Retrieved June 23, 2019.
Marcos Boris Rotman received his MS in chemical engineering from the University F. Santa Maria in Chile in 1948, and his Ph.D. in microbiology, organic chemistry, and biochemistry from the University of Illinois in 1952. After completing his ...
- ^ "The History of the Cell Sorter Interviews · SOVA". SOVA. Retrieved June 22, 2019.
- ^ PMID 14038788.
- ISBN 978-0-317-11809-4.
- ^ Collins, J. F. (1962). "Estimation of penicillinase in single bacterial cells". Biochem. J. 82: 28 P.
- ISBN 978-3-642-70144-3. Retrieved June 22, 2019.
The other fluorochrome, fluorescein diacetate, first shown in 1966 (Rotman and Papermaster 1966) to induce fluorescence in animal cells was subsequently adapted to plant cells (Heslop-Harrison and Heslop-Harrison 1970, Widholm 1972) ...
- PMID 4882747.
- ISBN 978-1-4613-3778-2. Retrieved June 22, 2019.
- ^ "Rotman, Boris". Researchers @ Brown. February 14, 2019. Archived from the original on February 14, 2019. Retrieved June 22, 2019.