Bottiaeans

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Bottiaeans or Bottiaei (

Chalcidice, but after the Macedonian conquest under Philip II nothing remained except the names of these two regions and the adjective Bottiaean, which was limited to sole geographical meaning. Unlike other tribes of Macedonia ruled by kings or living in villages, Bottiaeans developed some polis
form of self-government. Unfortunately, no Bottiaean individual is known to us and the limited historical or archaeological sources shed no further light.

Origin

According to

Argead Macedonia (Emathia), most of which, as Strabo says, was held by Bottiaeans and Thracians, as well as Paionians and Epirotes.[citation needed
]

According to

Minoan Crete
:

And

Iapygia, and from there journeyed again into Thrace
and were called Bottiaeans; and that this was the reason why the maidens of Bottiaea, in performing a certain sacrifice, sing as an accompaniment “Let us go to Athens!”

The same story is related by the Roman-era mythographer

Chalcidians
. It was in this way that the Chalcidians gained possession of Olynthus

Glasinac and far into Central Europe. Other Minoan features are the importance of priestess and the type of head-dress...in the matter of weapons and pendants, the Bottiaeans shared the tastes of Illyrians. They had not made Vergina their capital, although their influence was strong there. In their new home
they were conservative in their ways and showed no signs of contact with the coastal Greeks

However, if two 6th and early 5th century BC cow-and-calf coins[8] found in Bottiaea belong to Bottiaeans, it seems that not all of them were expelled.

Some toponyms of

Europa etc.) but nothing is conclusive. Various origins have been speculated: for example, Minoan, Athenian and Mycenaean
.

League

Thracian phoros
. It appears in most of the Athenian tribute lists except in 446/5 BC; there we have the phrase Bottiaeans and s.. Βοττια[ῖοι καὶ σ], which may be read as Bottiaeans and Spartolos or Bottiaeans and synteleis (contributors).

No doubt the Bottiaean league was formed between 432 and 421. In the beginning of the

battle of Spartolos, the heavy Chalcidian infantry, the Spartolian psiloi and peltasts from Crusis and Olynthus
, jointly defeated the Athenian army and set up a trophy, took up their dead, and dispersed to their several cities (Thuc. 2.79.1).

In 425 BC Bottiaeans and Chalcidians defeated again the Athenian general Simonides (Thuc.4.7.1), when he attacked

Thracian phoros
begins with Sp, the restoration seems inevitable. Olynthus Ὀλ[ύνθιοι] also is listed next.

In 422 BC or after, before or as a consequence of the

Kalindoia, a city of Mygdonia, means that Bottike may refer either to regions of Mygdonia and Chalcidice, inhabited by Bottiaeans or that Bottiaean cities existed also outside of geographical Bottike
.

In early 4th century BC, Bottiaeans are mentioned, for the last time, in a

Acanthians and Mendaeans
, they shall not make friendship, neither Amyntas nor the Chalcidians separately, but with common consent;.

As for the silver and bronze coinage of Bottice (Βοττιαίων, of Bottiaeans) it may be categorized to : 1. the same type of Chalcidian League coins (Apollo or Artemis with

cithara or lyre)[12]
which means that they were at that time allies of Chalcidians. 2. Demeter and forepart of bull in incuse square.

There were between six and twelve Bottiaean cities:

Thamiskos
.

Aftermath

In the Hellenistic and Roman era the name Bottiaean denotes of the

Egyptiotes). It may refer either to coins or to the inhbabitans of Bottiaea
.

The phrase of

Thessalonica
.

References

  • The Bottiaians and their poleis by Pernille Flensted-Jensen - Studies in the ancient Greek polis By Mogens Herman Hansen, Kurt A. Raaflaub Page 103 -132
    ISBN 3-515-06759-0
    (1995)
  1. ^ Geographica VI, Chapter 3, 2
  2. ^ Geographica VII, fragments, 11
  3. ^ Parallel Lives Theseus 16.1 Archived October 2, 2009, at the Wayback Machine and Moralia IV. Greek Questions: 35
  4. ^ Βοττιαίων πολιτεία - Bottiaiôn politeia, lost work.
    (Frag. 485 (ed. V. Rose)); cf. Edmonds, Lyra Graeca (in L.C.L. iii. 540)
    (cf. Constitution of the Athenians and Constitution of the Lacedaemonians)
  5. ^ Bibliotheca (Photius) 186.135a
  6. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
  7. ^ The Cambridge ancient history, Volume 1; Volume 3 Page 650 By John Boederman (2002)
  8. ^ Coins of Bottiaia
  9. ^ an otherwise unknown colony of Mende and unrelated to the Eretrian colony of Eion, in the Strymon area
  10. ^ IG I³ 76
  11. ISBN 0-405-04804-1
    (1973)
  12. ^ Coins from Bottice
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